A grammar of Upper Tanana / Olga Lovick.

Format:

Book

Author/Creator:

Lovick, Olga Charlotte, author.

Contributor:

Professor Elisabeth J. Tooker Fund.

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Upper Tanana language--Alaska--Grammar.

Upper Tanana language.

Alaska.

Physical Description:

volumes ; 24 cm

Place of Publication:

Lincoln : University of Nebraska Press, [2020-]

Summary:

"A Grammar of Upper Tanana is a comprehensive text that performs the impressive task of providing a linguistically accurate written record of the endangered Upper Tanana language"-- Provided by publisher.

Contents:

Machine generated contents note: 1. Introduction to volume 2

1.1. Differences and similarities between the volumes

1.2. Data, data presentation, and glossing

I. Semantic systems

2. Semantic properties of nouns

2.1. Animacy

2.1.1. Morphological nominal plural

2.1.2. The nominal enclitic iin

2.2. Count/mass distinction

2.2.1. Compatibility with numerals

2.2.2. Cooccurence with classificatory verbs

2.2.3. Other verb stems

2.3. Definiteness and specificity

2.4. Summary

3. Noun classification

3.1. Stem class

3.1.1. Inventory

3.1.1.1. Animate object

3.1.1.2. Compact object

3.1.1.3. Sticklike object

3.1.1.4. Object in open container

3.1.1.5. Fabric object

3.1.1.6. Ropelike objects

3.1.1.7. Plural objects

3.1.2. Verb themes derived from classificatory verb stems

3.2. Gender marking

3.2.1. The gender system in Alaskan Dene

3.2.2. The erosion of the gender system in Upper Tanana

3.3. Summary

4. Lexical semantics

4.1. Nominal domain

4.1.1. The kinship system

4.1.2. Rarity of general-kind terms

4.2. Verbal systems

4.2.1. Lexical number specification

4.2.2. Semantic extension of motion verbs

4.2.2.1. Giving

4.2.2.2. Perception

4.2.3. Lexicalization of emotions and mental states

4.3. Summary

5. Tense, aspect, modality, evidentiality

5.1. Tense

5.2. Aspect

5.3. Modality

5.4. Evidentiality

5.5. Summary

6. Lexical aspect: verb theme categories

6.1. Situation types: definitions and tests

6.2. Lexical aspects and verb theme categories

6.2.1. Neuter verb theme categories

6.2.1.1. Neuter verb themes in the transitional

6.2.2. Operative verb theme category

6.2.2.1. Operative verb themes in the reversative

6.2.3. Successive verb theme category

6.2.3.1. Successive verb themes in the durative

6.2.3.2. Successive verb themes in the momentaneous

6.2.4. Conversive verb theme category

6.2.5. Motion verb theme category

6.2.5.1. Motion verb themes in the inceptive momentaneous

6.2.5.2. Motion verb themes in the perambulative

6.2.5.3. Motion verb themes in the reversative

6.3. Aspectual meaning of conjugation markers

6.4. Summary

7. Inflectional aspect

7.1. Viewpoint aspect

7.1.1. Perfective viewpoint

7.1.1.1. Closed aspect

7.1.1.2. Durativity

7.1.2. Imperfective viewpoint

7.1.2.1. Open viewpoint

7.1.2.2. Durativity

7.1.3. Neutral viewpoint

7.1.3.1. Open and closed

7.1.3.2. Durativity

7.2. Superaspect

7.2.1. Customary

7.2.2. Progressive

7.3. Subsituation aspect

7.3.1. Inceptive perfective

7.3.1.1. Starting point

7.3.1.2. Focusing on preparatory stages

7.3.1.3. Future time reference

7.3.1.4. Attempt (and fail)

7.3.2. Conative

7.4. Summary

8. Modal inflection

8.1. Optative: deontic modality

8.1.1. Desire

8.1.2. Intention

8.1.3. Request formation

8.1.4. Asking for and giving recommendations

8.1.5. Permission

8.1.6. Optative in subordinate clauses

8.2. Future: epistemic modality

8.2.1. Certainty

8.2.1.1. Warnings

8.2.1.2. Commissives

8.2.1.3. Deductions

8.2.1.4. Conditional clauses

8.2.1.5. Counterfactuality

8.2.1.6. Avertive clauses

8.2.2. Uncertainty

8.2.3. Genericity

8.2.3.1. Habitual

8.2.3.2. (In)ability

8.2.3.3. Generic obligation and prohibition

8.3. Summary

9. Modal particles

9.1. Nt'eh `for sure, certainly'

9.1.1. Origin

9.1.2. Formal characteristics

9.1.3. Functions

9.2. Laan `mir, indeed'

9.2.1. Origin

9.2.2. Formal characteristics

9.2.3. Functions

9.2.3.1. Mirative laan

9.2.3.2. Laan `indeed'

9.3. Le' `IGN, DUB'

9.3.1. Origin

9.3.2. Formal characteristics

9.3.3. Functions

9.3.3.1. Le' in content questions

9.3.3.2. Le' in the indefinite construction

9.3.3.3. Le' `dub, maybe'

9.4. Diaa `des'

9.4.1. Origin

9.4.2. Formal characteristics

9.4.3. Functions

9.5. Ha' `emph'

9.5.1. Origin

9.5.2. Formal characteristics

9.5.3. Functions

9.6. Summary

II. Clause structure

10. Word order overview

10.1. Order of elements relative to the verb

10.1.1. Subject and object

10.1.2. Postpositional phrases

10.1.3. Possessors

10.1.4. Manner adverbs

10.1.5. Copula

10.1.6. Subordinators

10.1.7. Negative particle

10.1.8. Interrogative proform

10.2. Order of other elements

10.2.1. Order within the noun phrase

10.2.2. Degree adverb

10.2.3. Subordinate clause

10.3. Summary

11. Simple clauses

11.1. Placement of arguments

11.1.1. Clauses without an argument

11.1.2. Intransitive clauses

11.1.2.1. No noun phrases: V

11.1.2.2. One noun phrase: SV or VS

11.1.3. Transitive clauses

11.1.3.1. No noun phrase: V

11.1.3.2. One noun phrase: SV or OV

11.1.3.3. Two noun phrases: SOV, OSV, or OVS

11.1.4. Bivalent clauses

11.1.4.1. No noun phrase: V

11.1.4.2. One noun phrase: SV, PV, VS, or VP

11.1.4.3. Two noun phrases: SVP

11.1.5. Ditransitive clauses

11.1.5.1. No noun phrase: V

11.1.5.2. One noun phrase: PV, OV, or SV

11.1.5.3. Two noun phrases: SOV or OPV

11.1.5.4. Three noun phrases: SOPV

11.2. Optional syntactic constituents

11.2.1. Placement of optional postpositional phrases

11.2.1.1. Postpositional phrases in intransitive clauses

11.2.1.1.1. Without a subject noun phrase

11.2.1.1.2. With subject noun phrase

11.2.1.2. Postpositional phrases in transitive clauses

11.2.1.2.1. Without other noun phrases

11.2.1.2.2. With direct object noun phrases

11.2.1.2.3. With subject noun phrases

11.2.1.2.4. With subject and direct object noun phrases

11.2.1.3. Several postpositional phrases in one clause

11.2.2. Placement of adverbs

11.2.3. Spatial and temporal adverbs

11.2.3.1. Clause-initial

11.2.3.2. Clause-medial

11.2.3.3. Clause-final

11.2.4. Manner adverbs

11.2.5. Degree adverbs

11.3. Prosody

11.4. Summary

12. Clauses without verbs

12.1. Nominal predicates

12.1.1. Presentational clauses

12.1.2. Location clauses

12.1.3. Naming clauses

12.1.4. Equational clauses

12.1.5. Proper inclusion clauses

12.1.6. Existential clauses

12.1.7. Possessive clauses

12.2. Adjectives as predicates

12.3. Excursion: the two copulas of Upper Tanana

12.4. Nonverbal predicates

12.4.1. O+(oo)+kol `o negex'

12.4.2. Nde' `give me'

12.4.3. Na' `take it! here!'

12.4.4. Aan `come, move over'

12.4.5. Duka' `okay, let's go'

12.4.6. Duk `shoot'

12.4.7. Ena' `no'

12.4.8. Le' `I don't know'

12.4.9. Nday `what the heck, where'

12.5. Summary

13. Polar questions

13.1. Polar questions without question particle

13.1.1. Word order

13.1.2. Absence of nominalization

13.1.3. Prosody

13.1.4. Answering

13.2. Polar questions with lah

13.2.1. Structure

13.2.2. Prosody

13.2.3. Use

13.2.4. Answering

13.3. Confirmation questions

13.3.1. Structure

13.3.2. Prosody

13.3.3. Answering

13.4. Summary

14. Content questions

14.1. Structure

14.1.1. Position of question word

14.1.2. Focus marking and nominalization

14.1.3. Prosody

14.2. Inquiring about different roles

14.2.1. Inquiring about the subject

14.2.2. Inquiring about the direct object

14.2.3. Inquiring about the postpositional object

14.2.4. Inquiring about the possessor

14.2.5. Inquiring about the reason

14.2.6. Inquiring about the manner

14.2.7. Inquiring about other information

14.3. Embedded questions

14.4. Answering content questions

14.5. Summary

15. Requests

15.1. Affirmative requests

15.1.1. Canonical (second-person) requests

15.1.1.1. Requests

in the imperfective

15.1.1.2. Requests in the optative

15.1.1.2.1. Optative requests with de' `ur'

15.1.1.2.2. Conditional requests

15.1.1.2.3. Dii xah, diaa `?'

15.1.1.3. Requests in the future

15.1.1.3.1. Conditional requests in the future

15.1.2. Hortatives (first-person requests)

15.1.3. Third person requests

15.2. Negative requests (prohibitives)

15.2.1. Prohibitives in the optative

15.2.1.1. Third-person prohibitives

15.2.2. Prohibitives in the future

15.2.3. Prohibitives in the imperfective

15.2.4. Indirect strategies

15.3. Summary

16. Negation

16.1. Standard negation

16.1.1. Negative inflection

16.1.1.1. Negative stems

16.1.1.2. Negative tone

16.1.1.3. Negative prefixes

16.1.1.3.1. Negative perfective inflection

16.1.1.3.2. Negative inflection in nonperfective forms

16.1.2. Negative particle k'a(t'eey)

16.1.3. Scope of negation

16.1.3.1. Clausal negation

16.1.3.2. Constituent negation

16.1.3.2.1. Subject negation

16.1.3.2.2. Negation of other constituents

16.1.3.3. Multiple negators in one clause

16.1.4. Standard negation in questions and requests

16.1.5. Standard negation in complex sentences

16.2. Emphatic standard negation

16.2.1. Form

16.2.2. Semantics

16.3. Negation of requests

16.4. Negation of nonverbal and existential clauses

Contents note continued: 16.4.1. Nonverbal clauses

16.4.2. Negation of existential clauses

16.5. Negative indefinite pronouns

16.6. Inherently negative verb themes

16.6.1. Verb themes derived by ts'#STEM+v

16.6.2. Other negative neuter verb themes

16.7. Summary

17. Third-person marking

17.1. With first-and second-person subjects

17.1.1. Direct object marking

17.1.2. Postpositional object marking

17.1.3. Possessor marking

17.2. With third-person subjects

17.2.1. Direct object marking

17.2.1.1. Singular or nonhuman plural direct object

17.2.1.2. Human plural direct object

17.2.2. Postpositional object marking

17.2.2.1. Singular or nonhuman plural postpositional object

17.2.2.2. Human postpositional object

17.2.3. Possessor marking

17.3. With other subjects

17.3.1. Direct objects

17.3.1.1. Postpositional objects

17.3.1.2. Possessor

17.4. Summary

18. Pronominal number marking

18.1. Subject number

18.2. Object and possessor number marking

18.3. Summary

19. Noun phrases

19.1. Heads

19.1.1. Nouns as heads of noun phrases

19.1.2. Pronouns as heads of noun phrases

19.1.2.1. Free pronouns as heads of noun phrases

19.1.2.2. Interrogative pronouns as heads of noun phrases

19.1.2.3. Indefinite pronouns as heads of noun phrases

19.1.3. Quantifiers as heads of noun phrases

19.2. Other elements in the noun phrase

19.2.1. Possessor

19.2.2. Demonstrative articles

19.2.3. Modifiers

19.2.4. Bare verb stems

19.2.5. Relative clauses

19.2.6. Nonnumeral quantifiers

19.2.7. Plural enclitic iin

19.3. Pre- or postnominal elements

19.3.1. Numerals

19.4. Order of elements in the noun phrase

19.5. Summary

20. Nonclausal coordination

20.1. Coordination of noun phrases

20.1.1. Conjunction

20.1.1.1. Noun phrase coordination using eh/el

20.1.1.2. Asyndetic noun phrase coordination

20.1.1.3. Noun phrase coordination using ii'eh/ii'et (tab) `etc., as well'

20.1.1.4. Coordination with first person singular

20.1.2. Disjunction

20.1.3. Correlative coordination

20.2. Coordination of postpositional phrases

20.3. Coordination of adverbs

20.4. Summary

21. Quantification of entities

21.1. Quantification by numerals

21.2. De-verbal quantifiers

21.2.1. Ndlaan `a lot, many'

21.2.2. Ntsiin `a little, few'

21.2.3. Lahtthegn (nts'a'), lahtthagn (nts'a') `all'

21.3. Quantification using interrogative pronouns

21.3.1. Dii t'eey

21.3.2. Doo t'eey

21.4. Summary

22. Comparison

22.1. Cultural note

22.2. Morphosyntactic comparison

22.2.1. Absolute comparison

22.2.2. Relative comparison

22.2.2.1. Comparison of superiority

22.2.2.2. Comparison of inferiority

22.2.2.3. Comparison of equivalence

22.2.3. Implied comparison

22.2.3.1. Nts'aa' ## H+stem `how X?'

22.2.3.2. K'a(t'eey) (su) ## H+stem `be not very X'

22.2.3.3. Da#t+H+stem `how X! exceedingly X! so X!'

22.2.3.3.1. Formal properties

22.2.3.3.2. Semantics

22.2.3.4. Comparative derivation as quantification

22.3. Other strategies

22.3.1. Prosodic augmentation

22.3.2. Two clauses

22.4. Summary

23. Prosodic augmentation

23.1. Properties

23.1.1. Locus of augmentation

23.2. Functions

23.2.1. Verb stems

23.2.2. Directionals

23.2.3. Adverbs

23.2.4. Adjectives and modifiers

23.2.5. Quantifiers

23.2.6. Other

23.3. Summary

III. Beyond the clause

24. Coordination of clauses

24.1. Utterance-level conjunction

24.1.1. Cumulative coordination

24.1.1.1. Asyndetic clause combining

24.1.1.2. Nts `a'/nts `a' `and'

24.1.1.3. Tl'aan `and then'

24.1.1.4. Ay eh/ay el, ay ch'a, ay tl'aan `and then'

24.1.2. Adversative coordination

24.1.3. Disjunction

24.1.4. Coordination or subordination? Nominalized clauses with eh/el

24.2. Discourse-level coordination

24.2.1. Utterance-initial coordinators

24.2.1.1. (Ay) tl'aan `and then'

24.2.1.2. Ay (eh/el) `and'

24.2.1.3. Ay ch'a `anyway, that's why'

24.2.1.4. Ay du' `and then, as for that'

24.2.1.5. T'oot'eey `but'

24.2.2. Utterance

final coordinators

24.2.2.1. Utterance

final nts `a' /nts `a' `and'

24.2.2.2. Utterance

final tl'aan `and, and then'

24.3. Summary

25. Relative clauses

25.1. Structure

25.1.1. Relative clauses as nominalized clauses

25.1.1.1. Nominal properties

25.1.1.2. Clausal properties

25.1.2. Grammatical functions of the common argument

25.1.2.1. Grammatical functions of common argument in main clause

25.1.2.2. Grammatical functions of common argument in relative clause

25.1.3. Internal heading of relative clauses

25.1.3.1. Absence of head noun phrase

25.1.3.2. Adverb placement

25.1.3.3. Pronominal marking

25.1.4. Complex relative clauses

25.1.5. Prosody

25.2. Semantics

25.2.1. Nonrestrictive relative clauses

25.2.2. Definite and indefinite interpretations

25.3. Additional functions

25.4. Summary

26. Adverbial clauses

26.1. Locative clauses

26.1.1. Specific location

26.1.1.1. Semantics

26.1.1.2. Clause order

26.1.1.3. Viewpoint aspects and moods

26.1.2. General location

26.1.2.1. Semantics

26.1.2.2. Clause order

26.1.2.3. Viewpoint aspects and moods

26.1.3. Path

26.1.3.1. Semantics

26.1.3.2. Clause order

26.1.3.3. Viewpoint aspects and moods

26.2. Temporal linkings

26.2.1. A simultaneous to B

26.2.1.1. Dq' `at a point in the past'

26.2.1.1.1. Semantics

26.2.1.1.2. Clause order

26.2.1.1.3. Viewpoint aspects and moods

26.2.1.2. Tab `when, while'

26.2.1.2.1. Semantics

26.2.1.2.2. Clause order

26.2.1.2.3. Viewpoint aspects and moods

26.2.2. B before A

26.2.2.1. Semantics

26.2.2.2. Clause order

26.2.2.3. Viewpoint aspects and moods

26.3. Manner

26.3.1. Semantics

26.3.2. Clause order

26.3.3. Viewpoint aspects and moods

26.4. Similarity clauses

26.4.1. Semantics

26.4.2. Clause order

26.4.3. Viewpoint aspects and moods

26.5. Conditional linkings

26.5.1. Clause order

26.5.2. Viewpoint aspects and moods

26.5.2.1. Consequence clause

26.5.2.2. Condition clause

26.5.3. No distinction between types of conditional linkings

26.5.4. Negative conditionals

26.5.5. Conditional requests

26.6. "To find out if" clauses

26.6.1. Semantics

26.6.2. Clause order

26.6.3. Viewpoint aspects and moods

26.7. Causal clauses

26.7.1. Semantics

26.7.2. Clause order

26.7.3. Viewpoint aspects and moods

26.7.4. Causal xah-clauses without main clause

26.8. Purpose linkings

26.8.1. Semantics

26.8.2. Clause order

26.8.3. Viewpoint aspects and moods

26.8.4. Argument sharing

26.9. Avertive linkings

26.9.1. Semantics

26.9.2. Clause order

26.9.3. Viewpoint aspects, moods, and polarity

26.9.4. Avertive clauses without main clause

26.10. Concessive linkings

26.10.1. Semantics

26.10.2. Clause order

26.10.3. Viewpoint aspects and moods

26.10.4. Comparison to main clause coordinator t'oot'eey `but'

26.11. Absolutive clauses

26.11.1. Temporal absolutive clauses

26.11.1.1. Semantics

26.11.1.2. Clause order

26.11.1.3. Viewpoint aspects and moods

26.11.1.4. Without main clauses

26.11.2. Causal absolutive clauses

26.11.2.1. Semantics

26.11.2.2. Clause order

26.11.2.3. Viewpoint aspects and moods

26.11.3. Concessive absolutive clauses

26.11.3.1. Semantics

26.11.3.2. Clause order

26.11.3.3. Viewpoint aspects and moods

26.12. Summary

27. Complement clauses

27.1. Indirect discourse complements

27.1.1. Structure

27.1.1.1. Embedded declaratives

27.1.1.2. Embedded questions

27.1.2. Prosody

27.1.3. Verb themes allowing indirect discourse complements

27.1.3.1. Knowing and remembering

27.1.3.2. Attention and perception

27.1.3.3. Learning, teaching, showing

27.1.3.4. Liking and disliking

27.1.3.5. Failing

27.1.3.6. Being a certain way

27.1.3.7. Pretending

27.2. Direct discourse complement

27.2.1. Structure

27.2.2. Prosody

27.2.3. Verb themes

27.2.3.1. Speaking

27.2.3.2. Thinking

27.2.3.3. Wanting

27.3. Quoted discourse complements

27.3.1. Structure

27.3.2. Prosody

27.3.3. Verb themes

27.3.3.1. Speaking

27.3.3.2. Thinking

27.4. Summary

28. Quotative frames

28.1. Inventory

28.1.1. Reporting verb

28.1.2. Noun phrase (+ du')

28.1.3. No framing

28.1.4. Quoting quoted speech

28.2. Using different frames

28.2.1. Reference tracking

28.2.2. Stylistic use

28.3. Summary

29. Addressing individuals

29.1. Available forms

29.1.1. Inflected kinship terms

29.1.2. Bare kinship terms

29.1.3. Free pronouns

29.1.4. Personal names

29.2. Use of address terms

29.2.1. Kinship terms in texts

29.2.2. Free pronouns in texts

29.2.3. Personal names in narrative texts

29.3. Summary

30. Managing information structure

30.1. Postverbal phrases

30.1.1. Antitopics

30.1.2. Afterthoughts

30.1.3. New information

Contents note continued: 30.2. Discourse markers

30.2.1. Du' `contrastive topic'

30.2.1.1. Functions and use

30.2.1.2. Placement, dislocation, prosody

30.2.2. Ch'a(le) `focus'

30.2.2.1. Functions and use

30.2.2.2. Nominalization, position, prosody

30.3. Summary

31. Insubordination

31.1. Formal characteristics

31.2. Functions

31.2.1. Focus construction

31.2.2. Backgrounding

31.2.3. Clause chaining

31.3. Summary

Appendixes

A. Portmanteau morphemes in the conjunct zone

A.1. Imperfective

A.1.1. The Ø-imperfective

A.1.2. The aa- imperfective

A.1.2.1. Progressive

A.1.2.2. Future

A.1.3. The n- imperfective

A.2. Perfective

A.2.1. The Ø-perfective

A.2.2. The aa- perfective

A.2.3. The n- perfective

A.2.4. The dh- perfective

A.3. Optative u-

A.4. Negative-perfective i-

B. Glossed sample texts

B.1. Taatsqq' dixeel' nadehnay: Raven throws off his pack / Mrs. Avis Sam

B.2. Taatsqq ts'ikeey iin naagn' eldeel: Raven eats the children's eyes / Mrs. Sherry Demit-Barnes

B.3. Noodlee iin: White people / Mr. Roy H. David Sr.

B.4. Hah'ogn nuun iin ay xah naak'udzuushya' xah: About how we become smart from the animals out there / Mrs. Cora H. David.

Notes:

Includes bibliographical references.

Local Notes:

Acquired for the Penn Libraries with assistance from the Professor Elisabeth J. Tooker Fund.

ISBN:

9781496213150

1496213157

9781496222275

149622227X

9781496231437

1496231430

OCLC:

1289989445

Publisher Number:

99992954377