Basics of polymer chemistry / Muralisrinivasan Natamai Subramanian.

Format:

Book

Author/Creator:

Muralisrinivasan, Natamai Subramanian, author.

Series:

River Publishers series in polymer science.

River Publishers Series in Polymer Science

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Polymers.

Polymerization.

Physical Description:

1 online resource (215 pages) : illustrations, tables.

Edition:

1st ed.

Place of Publication:

Gistrup, Denmark ; Delft, Netherlands : River Publishers, 2017.

Summary:

Basics of Polymer Chemistry is of great interest to the chemistry audience. The basic properties of polymers, including diverse fundamental and applied aspects, are presented. This book constitutes a basis for understanding polymerization, and it presents a comprehensive overview of the scientific research of polymers.

Contents:

Cover

Half Title

Series

Title

Copyright

Contents

Preface

Acknowledgement

List of Figures

List of Tables

Abstract

1 Introduction

1.1 History

1.2 Organic Molecules - Polymer Basis

1.3 Summary

References

2 Monomers

2.1 Classification of Monomers

2.2 Monomers and Their Reactions

2.2.1 Unsaturated Monomers

2.2.2 Monomers with Hydroxyl Groups

2.2.3 Monomers with Acidic Groups

2.2.4 Olefinic Monomers

2.3 Amine

2.3.1 Aniline

2.3.2 Acrylamide and N-substituted Acrylamides

2.4 Butyl Acrylate

2.5 Butadiene

2.6 Divinylbenzene

2.7 Esters of Acrylic and Methacrylic Acid

2.8 Methacrylic Ester Monomers

2.9 Ethylene

2.10 Ethylene Glycol

2.11 Maleic Anhydride (MA)

2.12 N-Vinylcarbazole (NVC)

2.13 N-Vinylpyrrolidone (NVP)

2.14 Propylene

2.15 Styrene

2.16 α-Methylstyrene

2.17 Vinyl Arenes

2.18 Vinyl Chloride

2.19 Vinyl Ethers

2.20 Network-Forming Monomers

2.20.1 Epoxides

2.21 Summary

3 Polymers

3.1 Classification of Polymers

3.2 Evolution of Polymers

3.3 Recyclable and Non-Biodegradable

3.3.1 Polyolefin

3.3.1.1 Polyethylene (PE)

3.3.1.2 Polypropylene (PP)

3.3.2 Polystyrene

3.3.3 Polyvinylchloride (PVC)

3.3.4 Poly(methyl methacryalate) (PMMA)

3.3.5 Polyamide

3.3.6 Polycarbonate

3.3.7 Poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET)

3.3.8 Poly(butylene terephthalate) (PBT)

3.3.9 Poly(ether ether ketone) (PEEK)

3.3.10 Poly(oxy methylene)

3.4 Non-Biodegradable and Non-Recycleable Polymers

3.4.1 Phenol Formaldehyde

3.4.2 Epoxy

3.4.3 Urea and Melamine Formaldehyde

3.4.4 Unsaturated Polyesters

3.5 Copolymers

3.5.1 Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene (ABS)

3.6 Biocompatible and Biodegradable Polymers

3.6.1 Poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)

3.6.2 Poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG).

3.6.3 Polylactide or poly(lactic acid) (PLA)

3.6.4 Poly(caprolactone)

3.6.5 Poly(glycolic acid) (PGA)

3.7 Summary

4 Polymer Chemistry

4.1 Types of Polymers

4.1.1 Homopolymers

4.1.2 Copolymers

4.1.2.1 Random copolymers

4.1.2.2 Block copolymers

4.1.2.3 Alternating copolymers

4.1.2.4 Graft copolymer

4.2 Polymer Morphology

4.3 Stereochemistry

4.3.1 Sequence Isomerism

4.3.2 Stereoisomerism

4.3.3 Geometric Isomerism

4.4 Polymer Architecture

4.4.1 Linear Polymers

4.4.2 Branched Polymers

4.4.3 Network Polymers

4.5 Polymer Properties

4.5.1 Microscopic Properties

4.5.2 Crystallinity

4.5.3 Gel Effect

4.5.4 Intermolecular Forces

4.5.5 Dipole Moment

4.5.6 Surface Behaviour

4.5.7 Solution Properties

4.5.8 Thermodynamics

4.5.9 Molecular Weight

4.5.9.1 Degree of polymerization

4.5.9.2 Number average molecular weight

4.5.9.3 Weight-average molecular weight

4.5.9.4 Viscosity average molecular weight

4.5.9.5 Molecular weight distribution (MWD)

4.5.9.6 Polydispersity and their index

4.5.10 Glass Transition Temperature (Tg)

4.6 Material Considerations

4.7 Summary

5 Step Growth Polymerization

5.1 Functional Groups

5.2 Reactions

5.3 Polymerization

5.3.1 Step Growth Polymers

5.4 Polyaddition Reactions

5.4.1 Transesterification

5.4.2 Ester-Interchange

5.4.3 Polyesterification

5.5 Polycondensation

5.6 Characteristics

5.7 Elementary Step Growth Polymerization

5.8 Kinetics

5.8.1 Step Growth Polymerization

5.8.2 Uncatalyzed Polymerization

5.8.3 Catalyzed Polymerization

5.8.4 Polyesterification Using Acid Catalyst

5.8.4.1 Slow step rate-determining step

5.8.4.2 Catalyst regeneration

5.9 Biodegradability

5.10 Summary

6 Chain Growth Polymerization.

6.1 Monomer Type

6.2 Reactions

6.2.1 Unsaturated Monomers

6.2.1.1 The polymerization of ethylene to polyethylene

6.2.2 Monomer with End Groups

6.3 Polymerization

6.4 Initiation

6.5 Propagation

6.6 Termination Reactions

6.7 Chain Growth Polymers

6.7.1 Characteristics

6.7.2 Classification

6.7.3 Growth Centers

6.7.4 Structural Variations

6.8 Kinetics

6.8.1 Initiation

6.8.2 Propagation

6.8.3 Termination

6.8.3.1 Chain transfer reactions

6.9 Non-Biodegradability

6.10 Summary

7 Polymerization Reactions

7.1 Chemistry of Radicals

7.1.1 Types of Radicals

7.2 Radical Polymerization

7.3 Reaction Process

7.3.1 Advantages

7.3.2 Disadvantages

7.4 Ionic Polymerization

7.5 Types of Anions

7.6 Types of Cations

7.6.1 Advantages

7.6.2 Disadvantages

7.7 Cationic Polymerization

7.8 Lewis Acids/Friedel - Crafts Catalysts

7.9 Carbonium Ion Salts

7.10 Polymerization of Isobutylene

7.11 Termination

7.12 Ionic Chain Carriers

7.13 Chain Transfer

7.13.1 Advantages

7.13.2 Disadvantages

7.14 Anionic Polymerization

7.15 Ideal Anionic Polymerization

7.16 Reactivity of Initiators

7.17 Reaction Process of Polystyrene

7.18 Reaction Process with Alkene with Functional Groups

7.18.1 Advantages

7.18.2 Disadvantages

7.19 Ring Opening Polymerization

7.19.1 Advantages

7.19.2 Disadvantages

7.20 Coordination Polymerization

7.21 Ziegler-Natta Polymerization

7.21.1 Advantages

7.21.2 Disadvantages

7.22 Summary

8 Polymer Synthesis

8.1 Introduction

8.1.1 Requirements

8.1.2 Essentials of Polymer Synthesis

8.2 Synthesis of Polyethylene

8.3 Polypropylene

8.3.1 Synthesis of Polystyrene

8.4 Synthesis of Polyamide

8.4.1 Synthesis of Nylon 6

8.4.2 Synthesis of Nylon 6,6.

8.4.3 Synthesis of Polyethylene Terephthalate

8.5 Polystyrene

8.6 Polyvinylacetate

8.7 Polybutadiene

8.8 Polyisobutylene

8.9 Polymethylmethacrylate

8.9.1 Synthesis of Polyurethane

8.9.2 Electro-Polymerization of Polypyrrole

8.9.3 Synthesis of Polylactide (PLA)

8.9.4 Name Reactions and Polymer Synthesis

8.10 Reppe Chemistry

8.10.1 Poly(N - vinyl carbazole)

8.11 Michael Adducts

8.11.1 Derivative of N-Vinylformamide and Polymer Synthesis

8.12 Polymer Synthesis - Future

8.13 Summary

9 Polymerization Processes

9.1 Essential Ingredients in Polymerization Process

9.1.1 Initiators

9.1.2 Surfactants

9.1.3 Catalysts

9.1.3.1 Ziegler-Natta catalyst

9.1.3.2 Phillips catalyst

9.1.3.3 Metallocene catalyst

9.1.4 Chain Transfer Agents

9.1.5 Solvents

9.1.6 Suspending Agents

9.1.6.1 Water-soluble polymeric compounds

9.1.6.2 Inorganic compounds

9.1.7 Inhibitors

9.2 Polymerization Processes

9.3 Reactor Types

9.4 Classification

9.4.1 Bulk or Mass Polymerization

9.4.1.1 Advantages

9.4.1.2 Disadvantages

9.4.2 Solution Polymerization

9.4.2.1 Advantages

9.4.2.2 Disadvantages

9.4.3 Suspension Polymerization

9.4.3.1 Advantages

9.4.3.2 Disadvantages

9.4.4 Emulsion Polymerization

9.4.4.1 Advantages

9.4.4.2 Disadvantages

9.5 Polymer Manufacturing Processes

9.5.1 Slurry Process

9.5.2 Gas Phase Process

9.5.3 Solvent Process

9.6 Summary

10 Future Trends

10.1 Advances in Polymer Chemistry

10.2 Advances in Polymerization

10.3 Environmental Effect

10.4 Future Requirements

10.4.1 Pollution Free Polymerization Techniques

10.4.2 Polymerization with Solvent-Free Conditions

10.4.3 Waste Reduction

10.4.4 Polymer and Human Beings

10.5 Green Polymer Chemistry

10.6 Summary

References.

Index

About the Author.

Notes:

Includes bibliographical references at the end of each chapters and index.

Description based on print version record.

ISBN:

1-000-79125-4

1-00-333732-5

1-003-33732-5

1-000-79437-7

87-93519-02-8

9781003337324

OCLC:

1015884694