Stories of stroke : key individuals and the evolution of ideas / edited by Louis R. Caplan, Aishwarya Aggarwal.

Format:

Book

Contributor:

Caplan, Louis R., editor.

Aggarwal, Aishwarya, editor.

Series:

Cambridge medicine (Series)

Cambridge medicine

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Cerebrovascular disease.

Physical Description:

1 online resource (xx, 649 pages) : digital, PDF file(s).

Edition:

First edition.

Place of Publication:

Cambridge, United Kingdom ; New York, NY : Cambridge University Press, 2023.

Summary:

Stroke is one of the most important and most feared conditions known to man. The threat of stroke is important to all people. What could be more devastating than to lose the ability to speak, move a limb, stand, talk, see, read, feel write or even think? This book brings together ideas, events and advances - the stories - before and during the 20th Century through the accounts of global experts in the field, many of them having been first-hand witnesses to progress. Focusing on selected stories of stroke, this book offers a readable summary of the most dramatic and extensive changes in knowledge about stroke and in caring for stroke patients. Of interest to anyone interested in neurosciences and for physicians caring for stroke patients, this book informs on moving forward, by looking to how we got to where we are.

Contents:

Cover

Half-title

Title page

Copyright information

Contents

List of Contributors

Why This Book Needed to Be Written

Preface

Part I Early Recognition

Chapter One Hippocrates and Early Greek Medical Practice

Notes and References

Chapter Two Early Greco-Roman Contributions

Chapter Three Islamic and Middle Eastern Contributions

Writings about Stroke

Clinical Features of Stroke

Stroke Etiology and Localization

Treatment of Stroke

Severity and Prognosis of Stroke

Conclusions

Part II Basic Knowledge, Sixteenth to Early Twentieth Centuries: Anatomy, Physiology, and Pathology

Chapter Four Andreas Vesalius

Chapter Five William Harvey: On the Motion of the Heart and Blood

Background: Galen and His Humoral Theory

William Harvey: Early Life and Training

Research on the Circulation of Blood in Animals and Humans

Chapter Six Thomas Willis: Anatomy of the Brain and Its Vasculature

Willis Is Mostly Remembered for Four Contributions and Attributes

Chapter Seven Giovanni Morgagni: Emphasis on Pathology

Chapter Eight Apoplexy: Ideas and Concepts, Seventeenth to Twentieth Centuries

Johann Jakob Wepfer

Other Seventeenth-, Eighteenth-, and Early Nineteenth-Century Writings on Apoplexy

Historical Contributions of These Writings on Apoplexy

Chapter Nine Atlases

Robert Hooper

Richard Bright

Jean Cruveilhier

Robert Carswell

Chapter Ten Brainstem Syndromes

Lateral Medullary Infarction: Wallenberg Syndrome

Pontine Lesions (Millard Gubler and Foville and Raymond Syndromes)

Midbrain Lesions (Weber and Benedikt Syndromes)

Notes and References.

Chapter Eleven Jules Dejerine

Contributions to Neurology in General

Stroke-Related Contributions

Chapter Twelve Arterial and Venous Anatomy

General Vascular Anatomy Contributions during the Early Twentieth Century

Henri Duret

Charles Edward Beevor

Charles Foix

Contributions That Clarified the Vascular Anatomy of Portions of the Arterial Systems or Single Arteries

Alexander Kolisko: Anterior Choroidal Artery

Johann Otto Leonhard Heubner: Recurrent Artery of Heubner

John Sebastian Bach Stopford: Arterial Supply of the Pons and Medulla

Albert Wojciech Adamkiewicz: The Great Spinal Artery of Adamkiewicz

Lois Adele Gillilan: Veins and Arteries of the Spinal Cord and Brainstem

Gerard Percheron: The Artery of Percheron

Henry M. Duvernoy: Arteries and Veins of the Brainstem

Vittorio Luigi Bernasconi and Valentino Cassinari: The Artery of Bernasconi and Cassinari

Microsurgical Neuroanatomy of the Vascular Supply of the Brain

Mahmut Gazi Yasargil

Albert Loren Rhoton Jr.

Chapter Thirteen Rudolf Virchow

Rudolf Virchow and Experimental Pathology

Chapter Fourteen Early Medical and Neurological Textbooks

Internal Medical Texts

Osler's Textbook of Medicine

Nelson's Loose-Leaf Medical Text

Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine

Neurology Texts

British Texts

American exts

Other European Texts

Part III Modern Era, Mid-Twentieth Century to the Present

Types of Stroke

Chapter Fifteen Carotid Artery Disease

Carotid Artery Disease: 1600-1900

Carotid Artery Disease: 1900-1950

Carotid Artery Disease: 1950-1970

Hemodynamic versus Embolic Mechanisms of Carotid Artery Stroke: 1970 to the Present

Mechanisms of Acute Carotid Stroke.

Carotid Artery Pulse Palpation and Auscultation

Carotid Plaques and Stenosing and Nonstenosing Lesions

Chapter Sixteen Lacunes

Charcot and Marie and Colleagues

Initial Description of Lacunes

C. Miller Fisher

Later Description of the Pathology

Neuroimaging of Lacunar Infarcts

Multiple Lacunar Infarcts and Accompanying White Matter Pathology

Chapter Seventeen Vertebrobasilar Disease

Early Anatomical and Clinical-Pathological Studies

Vascular Lesions within the Posterior Circulation

Clinicopathologic and Clinical-Imaging Studies during the Second Half of the Twentieth Century

Vertebrobasilar Territory Brain Hemorrhages

Chapter Eighteen Aneurysms and Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

Harvey Cushing and Sir Charles Symonds, 1920

Earlier Reports of the Clinical and Pathological Finding of Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

Prior Reports of Brain Aneurysms

Aneurysmal SAH after the Symonds-Cushing Report

Technological Advances: Angiography and CT Scanning

Natural History and Rebleeding

Delayed Cerebral Infarction and Vasoconstriction

Other Sequalae and Complications in Patients with Aneurysmal SAH

Demography, Epidemiology, Family, and Genetic Information about Ruptured and Unruptured Brain Aneurysms

Nonaneurysmal SAH

Perimesencephalic Hemorrhages

Other Causes

Chapter Nineteen Intracerebral Hemorrhage

Very Early Recognition

Nineteenth- and Early Twentieth-Century Interest in the Locations and Causes of Brain Hemorrhage

The Twentieth Century and Hypertensive ICH

CT, MRI, and Developments during the Last Quarter of the Twentieth Century and Beyond

Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy

Chapter Twenty Vascular Malformations

Arteriovenous Malformations.

Cavernous Malformations (Cavernomas)

Developmental Venous Anomalies and Other Venous Lesions

Dural Arteriovenous Fistulas

Chapter Twenty One Cerebral Venous Thrombosis

The First Patients

Insights from Different Specialties

Improving the Diagnosis of CVDST: Broadening of the Clinical Spectrum

Cerebral Angiography: CVDST, Not So Lethal!

Computed Tomography: CVDST, Not So Rare nor So Severe!

Magnetic Resonance Imaging and CT venography: CVDST, Mostly Benign, but Unpredictable

Consortiums Developed in Several Regions to Study CVDST

The ISCVT: A New Era, Clarifying the Prognosis

Chapter Twenty Two Arterial Dissections, Fibromuscular Dysplasia, Moyamoya Disease, and Reversible Cerebral Vasoconstriction Syndrome

Arterial Dissections

Fibromuscular Dysplasia

Moyamoya Syndrome and Disease

Reversible Cerebral Vasoconstriction Syndrome

Chapter Twenty Three Blood Disorders

Early Studies

Clinical Knowledge of Blood Coagulation

Inherited Thrombophilias

Factor V Leiden

Prothrombin Gene Mutation

Hyperhomocysteinemia

Antiphospholipid Antibodies and Antiphospholipid Syndrome

Brain Hemorrhage Due to Bleeding Disorders

Chapter Twenty Four Stroke Genetics

A Brief History of the Evolution of Genetics

Key Developments in the Field of Stroke Genetics

International Stroke Genetics Consortium

Discoveries within Monogenic Stroke Conditions

CADASIL

CARASIL

Retinal Vasculopathy and Cerebral Leukodystrophy

Collagen 4A1 (COL4A1) syndrome

Sickle Cell Disease

Fabry Disease

MELAS

Inherited Disorders of Connective Tissue

Familial Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy

Chapter Twenty Five Eye Vascular Disease

Early Background and Ophthalmoscopy.

Sir William Gowers

C. Miller Fisher and Robert Hollenhorst

Ralph Ross Russell

Chronic Eye Ischemia

Retinal Vascular Spasm

Ischemic Optic Neuropathy, and Giant-Cell Arteritis and the Eye

Chapter Twenty Six Spinal Cord Vascular Disease

Early Accounts

The Aorta and Spinal Cord Ischemia

Hypotension and Aortic Border Zones

Arteriovenous Fistula and Malformations

Other Less Common Causes of Spinal Cord Infarction

Some Key Physicians

Chapter Twenty Seven Charles Foix

Chapter Twenty Eight Houston Merritt and Charles Aring

Chapter Twenty Nine C. Miller Fisher

Chapter Thirty Louis Caplan

Imaging

Chapter Thirty One Cerebral Angiography

Chapter Thirty Two Computed Tomography

Quest for a Way to Safely Image the Brain Using X-Rays

The Origins of CT Scanning of the Brain and Skull

The Evolution of CT Brain Scanning

CT Angiography and Venography and Multimodal CT

Chapter Thirty Three Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Early Discoveries and Explorations

First Human MR Scans

The Nobel Prize

Introduction of MRI into Clinical Medicine

Tailoring MRI to Diagnose and Treat Patients with Stroke and Cerebrovascular Disease

References

Chapter Thirty Four Cerebrovascular Ultrasound

Early Principles and Research

Development of Ultrasound to Study the Blood Vessels in the Neck

Transcranial Ultrasound of Intracranial Arteries and the Brain

Ultrasound Diagnosis in Clinical Trials

Neurosonology Societies and Ultrasound Training and Standardization

Chapter Thirty Five Cerebral Blood Flow, Radionuclides, and Positron Emission Tomography

Physiology of Cerebral Blood Flow.

Discovery of the Positron and Artificial Radioactivity.

Notes:

Title from publisher's bibliographic system (viewed on 16 Dec 2022).

Includes bibliographical references and index.

ISBN:

9781009035620

1009035622

9781009035422

1009035428

9781009030854

100903085X