Colored Organic Pigments / Paul Merchak.

Format:

Book

Author/Creator:

Merchak, Paul, author.

Contributor:

American Society for Testing and Materials.

ASTM International.

Series:

Journal of ASTM International. Manual Series ; MNL12201M.

ASTM manual series ; MNL12201M

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Pigments.

Organic compounds.

Physical Description:

1 online resource (19 pages) : illustrations, figures, tables.

Volume 2012, Issue 17 (January 2012)

Other Title:

ASTM digital library.

Place of Publication:

West Conshohocken, Pa. : ASTM International, 2012.

System Details:

Mode of access: World Wide Web.

text file PDF

Summary:

BEFORE ENTERING INTO ANY DISCUSSION RELATING to pigments, it is first necessary to clearly define what is understood to be an organic pigment as opposed to a dye-stuff. In many earlier texts on color and articles concerning the use of color, the terms pigment and dyestuff are used almost interchangeably and often incorrectly. A definition of a pigment has been proposed by the Color Pigments Manufacturers Association (CPMA) in response to a request from the Toxic Substance Interagency Testing Committee. This definition was developed specifically to enable differentiation between a dyestuff and a pigment with the intention of forever ending the confusion surrounding these two terms. As such, it is worthwhile reproducing this definition in its entirety: Pigments are colored, black, white, or fluorescent particulate organic and inorganic solids which usually are insoluble in, and essentially physically and chemically unaffected by, the vehicle or substrate in which they are incorporated. They alter appearance by selective absorption and/or by scattering of light. Pigments are usually dispersed in vehicles or substrates for application, as for instance in inks, paints, plastics, or other polymeric materials. Pigments retain a crystal or particulate structure throughout the coloration process. As a result of the physical and chemical characteristics of pigments, pigments and dyes differ in their application; when a dye is applied, it penetrates the substrate in a soluble form, after which it may or may not become insoluble. When a pigment is used to color or opacify a substrate, the finely divided insoluble solid remains throughout the coloration process. Additionally, the older terms lake and toner may be encountered when dealing with pigments. American terminology, applied to pigments, defines a toner as an organic pigment that is free of inorganic extender pigments or carriers; as such, the pigment is unadulterated and exhibits maximum tinting capacity for the pigment type. A lake, conversely, is an organic colorant that has been combined with an inorganic substrate or extender such as barium sulfate (Blanc Fixe) or alumina. In European terminology, toners are considered to be water-soluble acid or basic dye-stuffs that are converted into insoluble pigmentary forms by appropriate precipitation with an inorganic compound. As such, Barium Lithol red (C. I. Pigment Red 49:1) and the phosphotungsto molybdic acid (PTMA)-based Rhodamine (C.I. Pigment Violet 1) are considered toners. In the coatings industry, the term toner may be used to refer to a secondary color that is added to alter the primary hue of the paint. The term lake now has an accepted definition as that used in America.

Notes:

"ASTM Stock Number: MNL12201M".

Includes bibliographical references 34.

Electronic reproduction. W. Conshohocken, Pa. : ASTM International, 2012. Mode of access: World Wide Web. System requirements: Web browser. Access may be restricted to users at subscribing institutions.

Description based on publisher's website, viewed May 03, 2017.

ISBN:

9780803188914 (e-ISBN)

9780803170179

Access Restriction:

Restricted for use by site license.