Oncology at a glance / Graham G. Dark.

Format:

Book

Author/Creator:

Dark, Graham.

Series:

At a glance series (Oxford, England)

At a glance

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Oncology--Methodology.

Oncology.

Tumors--Diagnosis.

Tumors.

Tumors--Treatment.

Physical Description:

1 online resource (132 pages) : illustrations.

Edition:

1st ed.

Place of Publication:

Chichester, West Sussex, U.K. : Wiley-Blackwell, 2013.

Chichester, West Sussex : John Wiley & Sons, 2013.

Summary:

This brand new title in the market-leading at a Glance series brings together fundamental information on cancer biology and treatment to provide a holistic understanding of oncology. It explores both relevant scientific content and key human issues, including communication and palliative care. Oncology at a Glance: Provides an accessible overview of the scientific foundation of cancer medicine Covers the common cancers as well as key information on presentation and approaches to investigation and management Includes young adult oncology, the multidisciplinary team, clinical trials in oncology, approach to treatment and response assessment, management of nausea, and end-of-life care Was developed with students for students, to ensure it contains exactly what students need to know Oncology at a Glance is an ideal guide for medical students and foundation-year doctors as well as any other healthcare professionals looking to consolidate their knowledge of oncology.

Contents:

Cover

Title page

Copyright page

Contents

Contributors

Preface

Abbreviations

1: The global burden of cancer

The global burden of cancer

Developed and developing countries

Tobacco

Lifestyle

Infections

Challenges

2: The nomenclature of oncology

Tumour nomenclature

Tumour grade

Cytology

Cytogenetic analysis

Tumour stage

Performance status

3: Environmental determinants of cancer

Environmental factors

Radiation

Chemicals

Smoking

Hormones

Nutrition and lifestyle

4: The hallmarks of cancer I

The 10 hallmarks of cancer

1. Genome instability and mutation

2. Resisting cell death

5: The hallmarks of cancer II

3. Sustaining proliferative signalling

The cell cycle

Cell cycle regulation

Stimulation of the cell cycle

4. Evading growth suppressors

5. Enabling replicative immortality

6: The hallmarks of cancer III

6. Inducing angiogenesis

7. Activating invasion and metastasis

7: The hallmarks of cancer IV

8. Reprogramming energy metabolism

9. Tumour-promoting inflammation

10. Evading immune destruction

8: Cancer genetics and inherited cancer

Principles of cancer genetics

How genes cause cancer

Oncogenes

Tumour suppressor genes

Multistep carcinogenesis

Inherited cancer syndromes

Autosomal dominant cancer syndromes

Autosomal recessive cancer syndromes

9: Communicating with cancer patients

Communicating with cancer patients

The doctor-patient relationship

Breaking bad news

Steps to breaking bad news

Dealing with the emotional patient

Communicating with younger patients

10: Presenting problems in a patient with cancer

Presenting features of cancer

General features on examination

Local effects

Change of function

Obstruction of a conduit

Metastatic effects.

11: Paraneoplastic syndromes

Ectopic hormone production

Neurological manifestations

Cutaneous manifestations

Haematological manifestations

Gastrointestinal manifestations

Renal manifestations

Other paraneoplastic syndromes

12: Metabolic emergencies in cancer patients

Hypercalcaemia

Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuresis

Hypomagnesaemia

Tumour lysis syndrome

13: Oncological emergencies

Neutropenic sepsis

Superior vena cava obstruction

Spinal cord compression

14: Investigation and management of metastatic disease

Brain metastases

Lung metastases

Liver metastases

Bone metastases

Malignant pleural effusion

Malignant ascites

Other sites

15: Tumour markers

Serum proteins

Clinical usefulness

Human chorionic gonadotrophin

Alpha-fetoprotein

Placental alkaline phosphatase

CA19-9

Inhibin

Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA)

CA15-3

CA125

Squamous cell carcinoma-associated antigen (SCC)

Prostate-specific antigen (PSA)

16: Screening for cancer

Successful screening

Lead time bias

Length time bias

Breast cancer screening

Colorectal cancer screening

Gastric cancer screening

Prostate cancer screening

Cervical cancer screening

Ovarian cancer screening

Lung cancer screening

The future

17: Imaging in oncology

Plain film imaging

Ultrasound

Computerised tomography

Magnetic resonance imaging

Radioisotope imaging

Positron emission tomography

18: Approach to treatment and response assessment

Treatment goals

Treatment approach

Assessment of toxicity

Evaluation of treatment

19: Principles of surgical oncology

Surgical oncology

Prevention

Evaluation of primary disease

Biopsy types

Staging

Treatment

Palliative procedures

20: Pharmacology of anticancer agents.

An introduction to chemotherapy

Growth fractions and doubling time

Tumour growth

Drug resistance

Class of chemotherapy agents

21: Principles of radiotherapy

How radiotherapy works

High-energy photons

Photoelectric effect

Compton effect

Pair production

Types of radiation treatment

Electron beams

Brachytherapy

Conformal radiation therapy

Intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT)

Proton therapy

Stereotactic radiosurgery

22: Adverse effects of treatment

Treatment toxicity

Extravasation injury

Specific toxicities

Late adverse effects

23: Management of nausea

Pathophysiology

Oncology practice

Approach to treatment

Patients with advanced disease

24: Analgesia

Pain assessment

Opioid analgesia

Side effects

25: Clinical trials in cancer patients

Asking a research question

Observational studies

Phase I clinical trials

Phase II clinical trials

Phase III clinical trials

Randomisation

Meta-analysis

26: The role of multidisciplinary teams

Multidisciplinary team meetings

Role of the team

Benefit of MDT meetings

Combined clinics

Recruitment into clinical trials

Education opportunities

27: End of life care

Physical symptoms

Psychological issues

Managing the terminal phase

28: Carcinoma of unknown primary

Epidemiology

Aetiology

Clinical presentation

Investigations and staging

Initial investigations

Prognosis

29: Breast cancer

Aetiology and pathophysiology

Screening

30: Lung cancer

31: Mesothelioma

Clinical presentation.

Investigations and staging

32: Oesophageal cancer

33: Gastric cancer

34: Colorectal cancer

35: Pancreatic cancer

36: Hepatobiliary cancer

37: Ovarian cancer

Investigation and staging

Complications

38: Endometrial cancer

39: Cervical cancer

Screening following treatment

40: Germ cell tumours

Seminoma and dysgerminoma

Non-seminoma

41: Prostate cancer

42: Bladder and renal cancer

Bladder cancer

Renal cancer

43: Head and neck cancer.

Epidemiology

Clinical examination

44: Thyroid cancer

45: Bone cancer and sarcoma

46: Skin cancer

Non-melanoma skin cancer

Basal cell carcinoma

Squamous cell carcinoma

Melanoma

47: Cancers of the central nervous system

Glial tumours

Meningioma

Spinal axis tumours

48: Neuroendocrine tumours

Argentaffin and hormone secretion

Carcinoid tumours

Gastroenteropancreatic NETs

Insulinoma

Gastrinoma

Glucagonoma

VIPoma

Somatostatinoma

Phaeochromocytoma

Serum tumour markers

49: Leukaemia

Epidemiology and pathogenesis

Investigations and classification

50: Hodgkin's lymphoma

51: Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma

52: Myeloma

53: Childhood cancers

Paediatric oncology

Teenager and young adult oncology

Haematological cancers

Leukaemia

Lymphoma

Embryonal tumours

Neuroblastoma

Retinoblastoma

Nephroblastoma (Wilm's tumour)

Hepatoblastoma

Central nervous system cancer

Glioma.

Intracranial and intraspinal embryonal tumours.

Notes:

Includes index.

Includes bibliographical references and index.

Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.

ISBN:

9781118369708

111836970X