Soil strength and slope stability / J. Michael Duncan, Stephen G. Wright, Thomas L. Brandon.

Format:

Book

Author/Creator:

Duncan, J. M. (James Michael), author.

Brandon, Thomas L., author.

Wright, Stephen G. (Stephen Gailord), 1943- author.

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Slopes (Soil mechanics).

Physical Description:

1 online resource (334 pages) : illustrations (some color), photographs, tables

Edition:

Second edition.

Place of Publication:

Hoboken, New Jersey : Wiley, 2014.

Summary:

The definitive guide to the critical issue of slope stability and safety Soil Strength and Slope Stability, Second Edition presents the latest thinking and techniques in the assessment of natural and man-made slopes, and the factors that cause them to survive or crumble. Using clear, concise language and practical examples, the book explains the practical aspects of geotechnical engineering as applied to slopes and embankments. The new second edition includes a thorough discussion on the use of analysis software, providing the background to understand what the software is doing, along with several methods of manual analysis that allow readers to verify software results. The book also includes a new case study about Hurricane Katrina failures at 17th Street and London Avenue Canal, plus additional case studies that frame the principles and techniques described. Slope stability is a critical element of geotechnical engineering, involved in virtually every civil engineering project, especially highway development. Soil Strength and Slope Stability fills the gap in industry literature by providing practical information on the subject without including extraneous theory that may distract from the application. This balanced approach provides clear guidance for professionals in the field, while remaining comprehensive enough for use as a graduate-level text. Topics include: Mechanics of soil and limit equilibrium procedures Analyzing slope stability, rapid drawdown, and partial consolidation Safety, reliability, and stability analyses Reinforced slopes, stabilization, and repair The book also describes examples and causes of slope failure and stability conditions for analysis, and includes an appendix of slope stability charts. Given how vital slope stability is to public safety, a comprehensive resource for analysis and practical action is a valuable

tool. Soil Strength and Slope Stability is the definitive guide to the subject, proving useful both in the classroom and in the field.

Contents:

Cover

Title Page

Copyright

Contents

Foreword

Preface

Chapter 1 Introduction

Summary

Chapter 2 Examples and Causes of Slope Failures

2.1 Introduction

2.2 Examples of Slope Failure

2.2.1 The London Road and Highway 24 Landslides

2.2.2 The Landslide at Tuve, Sweden

2.2.3 The National Highway No. 3 Landslide, Taiwan

2.2.4 Slope Failures in Highway, Dam, and Levee Embankments

2.3 The Olmsted Landslide

2.4 Panama Canal Landslides

2.5 The Rio Mantaro Landslide

2.6 Kettleman Hills Landfill Failure

2.7 Causes of Slope Failure

2.7.1 Decrease in Shear Strength

2.7.2 Increase in Shear Stress

2.8 Summary

Chapter 3 Soil Mechanics Principles

3.1 Introduction

3.1.1 Drained and Undrained Conditions

3.2 Total and Effective Stresses

3.3 Drained and Undrained Shear Strengths

3.3.1 Sources of Shear Strength

3.3.2 Drained Strength

3.3.3 Volume Changes During Drained Shear

3.3.4 Pore Pressure Changes During Undrained Shear

3.3.5 Undrained Strength

3.3.6 Strength Envelopes

3.4 Basic Requirements for Slope Stability Analyses

3.4.1 Analyses of Drained Conditions

3.4.2 Analyses of Undrained Conditions

3.4.3 How Long Does Drainage Take?

3.4.4 Short-Term Analyses

3.4.5 Long-Term Analyses

3.4.6 Progressive Failure

Chapter 4 Stability Conditions for Analysis

4.1 Introduction

4.2 End-of-Construction Stability

4.3 Long-Term Stability

4.4 Rapid (Sudden) Drawdown

4.5 Earthquake

4.6 Partial Consolidation and Staged Construction

4.7 Other Loading Conditions

4.7.1 Rapid Flood Loading

4.7.2 Surcharge Loading

4.7.3 Partial Submergence and Intermediate Water Levels

4.8 Analysis Cases for Earth and Rockfill Dams

Chapter 5 Shear Strength

5.1 Introduction

5.2 Behavior of Granular Materials-Sand, Gravel, and Rockfill.

5.2.1 Effects of Confining Pressure

5.2.2 Effects of Density

5.2.3 Effects of Gradation

5.2.4 Plane Strain Effects

5.2.5 Triaxial Tests on Granular Materials

5.2.6 Field Control of Fill Density

5.2.7 Strength Correlations for Granular Materials

5.2.8 Typical Values of Ф' for Sands, Gravels, and Rockfills

5.3 Silts

5.3.1 Behavior of Silts

5.3.2 In Situ Testing of Low-Plasticity Silts

5.3.3 Effects of Sample Disturbance

5.3.5 Effects of Cavitation During Strength Tests

5.3.6 Rate of Drainage of Silt Deposits

5.3.7 Unconsolidated-Undrained Triaxial Tests on Low-Plasticity Silts

5.3.8 Consolidated-Undrained Triaxial Tests on Low-Plasticity Silts

5.3.9 Effective Stress Strength Envelopes

5.3.10 Strengths of Compacted Silts

5.3.11 Undrained Strength Ratios for Silts

5.3.12 Typical Values of Φ' for Silts

5.4 Clays

5.4.1 Factors Affecting Clay Strength

5.4.2 Methods of Evaluating Undrained Strengths of Intact Clays

5.4.3 Comparison of Laboratory and Field Methods for Undrained Strength Assessment

5.4.4 Use of Correlations for Estimating Undrained Shear Strength

5.4.5 Typical Peak Effective Stress Friction Angles for Intact Clays

5.4.6 Stiff-Fissured Clays

5.4.7 Compacted Clays

5.5 Municipal Solid Waste

Chapter 6 Mechanics of Limit Equilibrium Procedures

6.1 Definition of the Factor of Safety

6.2 Equilibrium Conditions

6.3 Single Free-Body Procedures

6.3.1 Infinite Slope Procedure

6.3.2 Logarithmic Spiral Procedure

6.3.3 Swedish Circle (Φ=O) Method

6.4 Procedures of Slices: General

6.5 Procedures of Slices: Circular Slip Surfaces

6.5.1 Ordinary Method of Slices

6.5.2 Simplified Bishop Procedure

6.5.3 Inclusion of Additional Known Forces

6.5.4 Complete Bishop procedure

6.6 Procedures of Slices: Noncircular Slip Surfaces.

6.6.1 Force Equilibrium (Only) Procedures

6.6.2 Procedures That Satisfy All Conditions of Equilibrium

6.7 Procedures of Slices: Assumptions, Equilibrium Equations, and Unknowns

6.8 Procedures of Slices: Representation of Interslice Forces (Side Forces)

6.8.1 Soil and Water Forces

6.8.2 Soil-Water and Reinforcement Forces

6.9 Computations with Anisotropic Shear Strengths

6.10 Computations with Curved Strength Envelopes

6.11 Finite Element Analysis of Slopes

6.12 Alternative Definitions of the Factor of Safety

6.12.1 Factor of Safety for Load

6.12.2 Factor of Safety for Moments

6.13 Pore Water Pressure Representation

6.13.1 Flow Net Solutions

6.13.2 Numerical Solutions

6.13.3 Interpolation Schemes

6.13.4 Phreatic Surface

6.13.5 Piezometric Line

6.13.6 Examples

6.13.7 Summary

Chapter 7 Methods of Analyzing Slope Stability

7.1 Simple Methods of Analysis

7.1.1 Vertical Slope in Cohesive Soil

7.2 Slope Stability Charts

7.3 Spreadsheet Software

7.4 Finite Element Analyses of Slope Stability

7.5 Computer Programs for Limit Equilibrium Analyses

7.5.1 Types of Computer Programs

7.5.2 Automatic Searches for Critical Slip Surface

7.5.3 Restricting the Critical Slip Surfaces of Interest

7.6 Verification of Results of Analyses

7.7 Examples for Verification of Stability Computations

7.7.1 Example 1: Unbraced Vertical Cut in Clay

7.7.2 Example 2: Underwater Slope in Soft Clay

7.7.3 Example 3: Excavated Slope in Stiff-Fissured Clay

7.7.4 Example 4: Cohesionless Slope on Saturated Clay Foundation

7.7.5 Example 5: Oroville Dam-Analysis with a Curved Strength Envelope

7.7.7 Example 7: Homogeneous Earth Dam with Steady-State Seepage

7.7.8 Example 8: Earth Dam with Thick Core-Steady-State Seepage

Chapter 8 Reinforced Slopes and Embankments.

8.1 Limit Equilibrium Analyses with Reinforcing Forces

8.2 Factors of Safety for Reinforcing Forces and Soil Strengths

8.3 Types of Reinforcement

8.4 Reinforcement Forces

8.4.1 Criterion 1: Creep, Installation Damage, and Deterioration in Properties over Time

8.4.2 Criterion 2: Pullout Resistance

8.5 Allowable Reinforcement Forces and Factors of Safety

8.6 Orientation of Reinforcement Forces

8.7 Reinforced Slopes on Firm Foundations

8.8 Embankments on Weak Foundations

Chapter 9 Analyses for Rapid Drawdown

9.1 Drawdown during and at the End of Construction

9.2 Drawdown for Long-Term Conditions

9.2.1 Effective Stress Methods

9.2.2 Total Stress Methods

9.3 Partial Drainage

9.4 Shear-Induced Pore Pressure Changes

Chapter 10 Seismic Slope Stability

10.1 Analysis Procedures

10.1.1 Detailed, Comprehensive Analyses

10.1.2 Pseudostatic Analyses

10.1.3 Sliding Block Analyses

10.2 Pseudostatic Screening Analyses

10.3 Determining Peak Accelerations

10.4 Shear Strength for Pseudostatic Analyses

10.4.1 Earthquakes Immediately after Construction

10.4.2 Earthquakes after the Slope Has Reached Consolidated Equilibrium

10.4.3 Effects of Rapid Load Application

10.5 Postearthquake Stability Analyses

10.5.1 Step 1. Determine Whether or Not Liquefaction Will Occur

10.5.2 Step 2. Estimate Reduced Undrained Shear Strengths

10.5.3 Step 3. Compute Slope Stability

Chapter 11 Analyses of Embankments with Partial Consolidation of Weak Foundations

11.1 Consolidation During Construction

11.2 Analyses of Stability with Partial Consolidation

11.2.1 Effective Stress Approach

11.2.2 Total Stress Approach

11.3 Observed Behavior of an Embankment Constructed in Stages

11.4 Discussion

11.4.1 Difficulties in Estimating Pore Pressures.

11.4.2 Difficulties in Consolidation Analyses

11.4.3 Difficulties in Estimating Undrained Shear Strengths

11.4.4 Intrinsic Difference in Effective Stress and Total Stress Factors of Safety

11.4.5 Instrumentation for Staged Construction

11.4.6 Need for Additional Case Histories

Chapter 12 Analyses to Back-Calculate Strengths

12.1 Back-Calculating Average Shear Strength

12.2 Back-Calculating Shear Strength Parameters Based on Slip Surface Geometry

12.3 Examples of Back-Analyses of Failed Slopes

12.3.1 Example 1: Hypothetical Embankment on Saturated Clay Foundation

12.3.2 Example 2: Natural Slope in Shale

12.3.3 Example 3: Victor Braunig Dam Embankment

12.3.4 Example 4: High-PI Clay Embankment in Texas

12.3.5 Example 5: Kettleman Hills Landfill Failure

12.3.6 Example 6: Development of the Grading Plan for the Tangguh, Indonesia LNG Plant Site

12.3.7 Summary

12.4 Practical Problems and Limitation of Back-Analyses

12.4.1 Progressive Failure

12.4.2 Decreasing Strengths with Time

12.4.3 Complex Shear Strength Patterns

12.5 Other Uncertainties

Chapter 13 Factors of Safety and Reliability

13.1 Definitions of Factor of Safety

13.1.1 Alternative Definitions of F

13.2 Factor of Safety Criteria

13.2.1 Importance of Uncertainties and Consequences of Failure

13.2.2 Corps of Engineers' Criteria for Factors of Safety

13.3 Reliability and Probability of Failure

13.4 Standard Deviations and Coefficients of Variation

13.4.1 Statistical Estimates

13.4.2 Estimates Based on Published Values

13.4.3 The 3σ Rule

13.4.4 The Nσ Rule

13.4.5 The Graphical Nσ Rule

13.5 Estimating Reliability and Probability of Failure

13.5.1 The Taylor Series Method

13.5.2 Computing Probability of Failure Using the Taylor Series Method

13.5.3 Reliability Index.

13.5.4 Interpretation of Probability of Failure.

Notes:

Includes bibliographical references and index.

Description based on print version record.

Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.

ISBN:

9781118917961

1118917960

OCLC:

888747241