Integrated non-invasive cardiovascular imaging : a guide for the practitioner / IAEA.

Format:

Book

Author/Creator:

International Atomic Energy Agency, author.

Series:

Non-Serial Publications

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Heart--Diseases--Diagnosis.

Heart.

Heart--Diseases--Patients.

Physical Description:

1 online resource (268 pages)

Place of Publication:

Vienna, Austria : International Atomic Energy Agency, [2021]

Summary:

Integrated cardiovascular imaging is the optimal use of multiple imaging modalities to obtain complementary information about cardiac diseases, to aid in diagnosis, determine aetiology and prognosis, with the ultimate objective of effectively guiding clinical decision making. Over the past few decades, advances in technology have contributed to the development of new imaging modalities and refinement of existing ones, leading to major improvements in the accuracy of diagnosing cardiovascular disease. While modality-centric expertise has been the primary driver of improvements in each modality, this has also contributed to imagers working in silos resulting with limited inter-modality coordination and collation of information relevant for patient care. This publication provides comprehensive guidance on the rationale and implementation of integrated cardiovascular imaging for practitioners.

Contents:

Intro

Chapter 1INTRODUCTION

1.1. Background

1.2. Objective

1.3. Scope

1.4. Structure

Part IFUNDAMENTALS OF NON-INVASIVE CARDIAC IMAGING

Chapter 2NUCLEAR CARDIOLOGY:SINGLE PHOTON EMISSION COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY

2.1. Hardware

2.2 Software

2.3. Hybrid SPECT-CT imaging systems

2.3.1. Techniques

2.3.2. Types of stress used in GSPECT procedures

2.3.3. Acquisition and interpretation of images

2.3.4. Reporting

2.4. Safety

2.5. Key messages

References to Chapter 2

Chapter 3NUCLEAR CARDIOLOGY:POSITRON EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY

3.1. Basic principles

3.1.1. Hardware

3.1.2. Software

3.2. Cardiac PET radiotracers

3.2.1. 82Ru

3.2.2. 13N ammonia

3.2.3. 15O water

3.2.4. Flurpiridaz

3.2.5. 18F-FDG

3.3. Imaging protocols

3.3.1. MPI and MBF quantification

3.3.2. Myocardial viability and sarcoid imaging

3.3.3. Coronary artery calcium scoring with PET-CT

3.3.4. Display of PET perfusion rest-stress and perfusion-metabolism images

3.3.5. Elements of a comprehensive cardiac PET report

3.4. Key messages

References to Chapter 3

Chapter 4ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY

4.1. Physics of echocardiography

4.2. 2-D and 3-D echocardiography

4.3. Doppler echocardiography

4.3.1. Spectral Doppler imaging

4.3.2. Tissue Doppler imaging

4.4. Speckle tracking echocardiography

4.5. Transthoracic and transoesophageal echocardiography

4.6. 3-D echocardiography

4.7. Contrast echocardiography

4.8. Key messages

References to Chapter 4

Chapter 5CARDIAC MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING

5.1. Basics of magnetic resonance imaging

5.2. Cardiac magnetic resonance

5.3. Blood flow evaluation using CMR

5.4. 4-D flow cardiac magnetic resonance

5.5. Safety considerations

5.6. Key messages

References to Chapter 5

Chapter 6CARDIAC COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY.

6.1. Basic principles

6.2. Computed tomography hardware and software

6.2.1. Minimum standards

6.2.2. Recent developments

6.2.3. Software for coronary computed tomography angiography

6.2.4. Software for determining the coronary artery calcium score

6.3. Techniques

6.3.1. Patient preparation

6.3.2. CCTA image acquisition

6.3.3. CCTA image analysis

6.4. Advanced CCT techniques

6.4.1. CACS image acquisition and reconstruction

6.4.2. CACS image analysis

6.4.3. Coronary artery calcification on non-dedicated imaging

6.4.4. Non-coronary cardiac imaging

6.5. Safety

6.5.1. Radiation dose parameters

6.5.2. Radiation dose of CCTA

6.5.3. Radiation dose risks

6.5.4. Iodinated contrast

6.5.5. Other medication

6.6. Key messages

References to Chapter 6

Part IICLINICAL APPLICATIONS

Chapter 7INTEGRATED NON-INVASIVE CARDIOVASCULAR IMAGING IN ROUTINE CLINICAL PRACTICE

7.1. Concept

7.2. Integrating the basics: ETT and echocardiography

7.2.1. Integrating with more advanced imaging using nuclear cardiology and computed tomography

7.2.2. Integrating basic modalities with other modalities

7.2.3. Key aspects for successful integration between modalities

7.3. Future of integrated cardiovascular imaging

7.4. Key messages

References to Chapter 7

Chapter 8APPROPRIATE USE OF NON-INVASIVE CARDIAC IMAGING TECHNIQUES

8.1. Framework of appropriate imaging guidelines

8.2. Definition of appropriateness and application of guidelines

8.3. Future directions

8.4. Key messages

References to Chapter 8

Chapter 9CURRENT EVIDENCE AND LESSONS LEARNED FROM RANDOMIZED TRIALS IN CARDIOVASCULAR IMAGING

9.1. Hierarchy of clinical research evidence in cardiovascular imaging

9.2. Evidentiary standards for quality cardiovascular imaging.

9.3. Lessons learned from observational data: Examples in nuclear cardiology

9.4. Defining comparative effectiveness

9.5. Examples of controlled clinical trials

9.6. Examples of comparative effectiveness trials

9.7. Therapeutic risk reduction: Guiding therapeutic decision making

9.8. Assimilating evidence into evaluation algorithms

9.9. Key messages

References to Chapter 9

Chapter 10STABLE CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE

10.1. Clinical presentation

10.2. Risk prediction models and pre-test probability

10.2.1. Advantages of prediction models

10.2.2. Disadvantages of prediction models

10.3. Role of basic investigations

10.4. Role of non-invasive imaging in clinical decision making

10.5. Imaging algorithms based on clinical presentation

10.5.1. Investigation of suspected stable coronary artery disease

10.5.2. Important considerations when choosing a diagnostic test

10.5.3. Pre-operative risk assessment prior to non-cardiac surgery

10.5.4. Incidental identification of CAD on imaging performed for other reasons

10.6. Conclusion

10.7. Key messages

References to Chapter 10

Chapter 11ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROMES

11.1. Definition of acute coronary syndrome

11.2. Pathophysiology of acute coronary syndrome

11.3. Role of non-invasive imaging in acute coronary syndrome

11.4. Clinical utility of non-invasive imaging in acute coronary syndrome

11.4.1. Echocardiography

11.4.2. Coronary computed tomography angiography

11.4.3. Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging

11.4.4. Radionuclide imaging: SPECT and PET

11.5. Case based approach to imaging in acute coronary syndromes

11.5.1. Suspected ACS: Case 1

11.5.2. Suspected ACS: Case 2

11.5.3. NSTE-ACS: Case 3

11.5.4. STE-ACS: Case 4

11.5.5. STE-ACS: Case 5

11.6. Myocardial infarction with non-obstructive coronary arteries.

11.7. Key messages

References to Chapter 11

Chapter 12HEART FAILURE

12.1. Global and regional left ventricular function

12.2. Left ventricular size and shape

12.3. Myocardial morphology and function

12.4. Myocardial ischaemia or viability

12.5. Left atrium and right ventricle

12.6. Valve disease

12.7. Key messages

References to Chapter 12

Chapter 13CARDIOMYOPATHIES

13.1. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

13.2. Dilated cardiomyopathy

13.3. Restrictive cardiomyopathy

13.4. Specific cardiomyopathies

13.4.1. Cardiac amyloidosis

13.4.2. Cardiac sarcoidosis

13.4.3. Anderson-Fabry disease

13.5. Classification of cardiomyopathies according to left ventricular systolic or diastolic dysfunction

13.6. Key messages

References to Chapter 13

Chapter 14PERICARDIAL DISEASES

14.1. Acute pericarditis

14.1.1. Definition and clinical presentation

14.1.2. Imaging algorithms and modalities for acute pericarditis based on clinical presentation

14.2. Cardiac tamponade

14.2.1. Cardiac computed tomography

14.2.2. Cardiac magnetic resonance

14.3. Constrictive pericarditis

14.3.1. Definition and clinical presentation

14.3.2. Imaging modalities for constrictive pericarditis

14.4. Key messages

References to Chapter 14

Chapter 15PRIMARY VALVE DISEASES

15.1. Causes of valve disease

15.2. Signs, symptoms and diagnosis of valvular heart disease

15.3. Classification of the severity of primary valvular pathologies

15.4. Pre-operative imaging evaluations in patients with rheumatic mitral stenosis

15.5. Role of CMR imaging in patients with primary valve disease

15.6. Assessment of coronary anatomy in patients with primary valvular heart disease prior to surgical interventions

15.7. Follow-up of patients with prosthetic valves.

15.8. Role of imaging in planning percutaneous interventions for aortic stenosis

15.9. Role of nuclear cardiology in patients with primary valve disease

15.10. Follow-up and treatment of patients with advanced valvular heart disease

15.11. Case presentation

15.12. Key messages

References to Chapter 15

Chapter 16CARDIO-ONCOLOGY

16.1. Definition

16.2. Clinical presentations

16.2.1. Asymptomatic left ventricular dysfunction

16.2.2. Heart failure

16.2.3. Vascular disease

16.2.4. Pericardial disease

16.2.5. Valvular complications

16.3. Imaging algorithms based on clinical presentation

16.4. Selection of an imaging modality

16.5. Echocardiography

16.6. Nuclear imaging

16.7. Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging

16.8. Key messages

References to Chapter 16

Chapter 17ADULT CONGENITAL HEART DISEASE

17.1. Guidelines

17.2. Clinical presentation

17.3. Imaging modalities

17.4. Specific disease entities

17.4.1. Atrial septal defect

17.4.2. Ventricular septal defect

17.4.3. Atrioventricular septal defect

17.4.4. Patent ductus arteriosus

17.4.5. Left sided heart obstructive lesions (aortic valve disease, coarctation of aorta)

17.4.6. Right ventricular outflow tract obstruction (pulmonary stenosis)

17.4.7. Coronary artery abnormalities

17.4.8. Pulmonary hypertension and Eisenmenger's syndrome

17.4.9. Tetralogy of Fallot

17.4.10. Dextrotransposition of the great arteries

17.4.11. Congenitally corrected transposition of the great arteries

17.4.12. Ebstein's anomaly

17.4.13. Single ventricle diseases

17.5. Key messages

References to Chapter 17

Chapter 18ENDOCARDITIS

18.1. Epidemiology and clinical presentation

18.2. Diagnostic imaging

18.3. Echocardiography

18.4. Multislice gated cardiac computed tomography.

18.5. Cardiac magnetic resonance.

Notes:

Description based on print version record.

Other Format:

Print version: IAEA Integrated Non-Invasive Cardiovascular Imaging: a Guide for the Practitioner

ISBN:

9789201016218

OCLC:

1319214149