Optical wireless communication / Xizheng Ke, Ke Dong.

Format:

Book

Author/Creator:

Ke, Xizheng, author.

Dong, Ke, author.

Series:

Optical Wireless Communication Theory and Technology

Optical wireless communication theory and technology

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Optical communications. .

Wireless communication systems.

Physical Description:

1 online resource (368 pages)

Place of Publication:

Singapore : Springer, [2022]

Summary:

The book gives a detailed description of optical wireless communication (OWC), including optical laser communication, visible light communication, ultraviolet communication, underwater optical communication and future communication technologies. To achieve an integration between theory and practice, the book avoids tedious mathematical deductions and includes theoretical materials as exercises. Most of the exercises are originated from published journal articles. These exercises will aid the readers in understanding the basic concept and methods and evaluating their knowledge acquisition in the field of OWC. The book is structured into Ten chapters that covers main aspects of OWC: - Optical wireless communication system - Coherent optical communication - Modulation, demodulation, and coding - Atmospheric channel, channel estimation, and channel equalization - White LED communication - Underwater laser communication - Ultraviolet communication - Acquisition, aiming, and tracking technology - Partially coherent optical transmission - Optical communication in the future The book is a suitable reference for undergraduate or postgraduate students majored in communication engineering, electronic information engineering or computer science, as well as the engineers and technicians in related fields.

Contents:

Intro

Contents

1 Optical Wireless Communication System

1.1 System Model of Optical Wireless Communication

1.1.1 Transmitter

1.1.2 Receiver

1.1.3 Channel

1.2 Laser Light Source

1.2.1 Principles of a Laser Diode

1.2.2 Characteristics of a Laser Diode

1.2.3 Nonlinearity Correction

1.3 Device Response Characteristics

1.3.1 Response Characteristics of a Semiconductor Laser

1.3.2 Response Characteristics of a PIN Photodetector

1.4 Surface Plasmon Polarization

1.4.1 Effect of Different Incident Light Directions on the Light Absorption Performance of Silicon Substrates

1.4.2 Electric Field Modulus Distribution on the x-z Cross Section of the Photodetector

1.5 Signal Detection

1.5.1 Direct Detection

1.5.2 Direct Detection Limit

1.6 Optical Amplifier

1.6.1 Classification of Optical Amplifiers

1.6.2 Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier

1.6.3 Semiconductor Optical Amplifier

1.7 Spatial Light to Fiber Coupling Technology

1.7.1 Single Lens Coupling

1.7.2 Array Coupling

1.7.3 Special Fiber Coupling

1.8 Optical Antenna and Telescope

1.8.1 Refractor Telescope

1.8.2 Reflecting Telescope

1.8.3 Catadioptric Telescope

1.8.4 Integrated Transceiver Optical Antenna

1.9 Summary and Prospects

1.10 Questions

1.11 Exercises

References

2 Coherent Optical Communication

2.1 Basic Principles of Coherent Optical Communication

2.1.1 Fundamentals

2.1.2 Homodyne Detection

2.1.3 Heterodyne Detection

2.1.4 Detection of an Amplitude Modulated Signal

2.1.5 Dual-Channel Balanced Detection

2.2 Coherent Modulation and Demodulation

2.2.1 Optical Modulation

2.2.2 Coherent Demodulation

2.2.3 System Performance

2.3 Factors Affecting Detection Sensitivity

2.3.1 Phase Noise

2.3.2 Intensity Noise

2.3.3 Polarization Noise.

2.3.4 Key Technologies of Coherent Optical Communication Systems

2.4 Spatial Phase Conditions for Optical Heterodyne Detection

2.4.1 Spatial Phase Difference Conditions

2.4.2 Frequency Conditions

2.4.3 Polarization Conditions

2.5 Adaptive Optical Wavefront Correction

2.5.1 Wavefront Distortion Correction System

2.5.2 Wavefront Measurement and Correction

2.5.3 Wavefront-Free Measurement System

2.6 Summary and Prospects

2.7 Questions

2.8 Exercises

3 Modulation, Demodulation, and Coding

3.1 Modulation

3.1.1 Basic Concepts

3.1.2 Analog and Digital Modulation

3.1.3 Direct and Indirect Modulation

3.1.4 Internal and External Modulation

3.2 External Modulation

3.2.1 Electro-Optic Modulation

3.2.2 Acousto-Optic Modulation

3.2.3 Magneto-Optic Modulation

3.3 Reverse Modulation

3.3.1 Cat's Eye Effect

3.3.2 Principle of Reverse Modulation

3.3.3 Cat's Eye Reverse Modulation System

3.4 Pulse-Like Position Modulation

3.4.1 Pulse-Like Position Modulation

3.4.2 Synchronization Technology

3.5 Direct Drive of Light Source

3.5.1 Single-Ended to Differential Converter

3.5.2 Level Adjustment

3.5.3 Laser Driver

3.5.4 Principle of Optical Feedback

3.6 Subcarrier Intensity Modulation

3.6.1 Subcarrier Intensity Modulation

3.6.2 BPSK Subcarrier Modulation

3.6.3 FSK Subcarrier Modulation

3.6.4 Intermodulation Distortion and Carrier-to-Noise Ratio

3.7 Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing

3.7.1 Basic Principles

3.7.2 Implementation of Discrete Fourier Transform in OFDM

3.7.3 Protection Interval and Cyclic Prefix

3.7.4 Peak-to-Average Power Ratio and Its Reduction Method

3.8 Space-Time Coding

3.8.1 Evolution of Space-Time Coding

3.8.2 Space-Time Coding in Optical Wireless Communication.

3.8.3 Space-Time Decoding in Optical Wireless Communication

3.9 Channel Coding

3.9.1 Channel Coding

3.9.2 Linear Error Correction Code

3.9.3 Convolutional Code

3.10 Summary and Prospects

3.11 Questions

3.12 Exercises

4 Atmospheric Channel, Channel Estimation, and Channel Equalization

4.1 Atmospheric Attenuation

4.1.1 Atmospheric Attenuation Coefficient and Transmittance

4.1.2 Absorption and Scattering of Atmospheric Molecules

4.1.3 Absorption and Scattering of Atmospheric Aerosol Particles

4.1.4 Atmospheric Window

4.1.5 Estimation of the Attenuation Coefficient

4.1.6 Transfer Equation

4.2 Atmospheric Turbulence Model

4.2.1 Atmospheric Turbulence

4.2.2 Atmospheric Turbulence Channel Mode

4.2.3 Log-Normal Turbulence Model

4.2.4 Gamma-Gamma Turbulence Model

4.2.5 Negative Exponential Distributed Turbulence Model

4.2.6 Atmospheric Structure Constant

4.2.7 Bit Error Rate Caused by Atmospheric Turbulence

4.3 Diversity Reception

4.3.1 Maximum Ratio Combining

4.3.2 Equal Gain Combining

4.3.3 Selective Combining

4.4 Channel Estimation

4.4.1 Concept of Channel Estimation

4.4.2 Least Squares Channel Estimation Algorithm

4.4.3 MMSE Based Channel Estimation

4.5 Channel Equalization

4.5.1 ISI and Channel Equalization

4.5.2 Time Domain Equalization

4.5.3 Linear Equalization

4.6 Impacts of Atmospheric Turbulence on BER

4.7 Summary and Prospects

4.8 Questions

4.9 Exercises

5 White LED Communication

5.1 Light-Emitting Principle of LED

5.1.1 White LEDs

5.1.2 Light-Emitting Principle of LED

5.1.3 Light-Emitting Principle of White LED

5.1.4 Lighting Model of White LED

5.2 Background Noise Model for Internet of Vehicle

5.3 Multiplicative Noise Model

5.4 Optimal Layout of Light Source.

5.5 Indoor Visible Light Channel

5.6 Receiver and Detection Technology

5.6.1 Receiver Front End

5.6.2 Receiving Array Design

5.7 Uplink of Visible Light Communication

5.7.1 Radio Frequency Uplink

5.7.2 Infrared Uplink

5.7.3 Laser Uplink

5.7.4 Visible Light Uplink

5.7.5 Isomorphic Uplink

5.8 Visible Light Communication Positioning

5.8.1 Received Optical Signal Strength Positioning

5.8.2 Fingerprint Identification Positioning

5.8.3 LED Identity Positioning

5.8.4 Visible Light Imaging Positioning

5.9 Summary and Prospects

5.10 Questions

5.11 Exercises

6 Underwater Laser Communication

6.1 Overview of Underwater Laser Communication

6.2 Underwater Laser Communication System

6.2.1 Principle of Underwater Laser Communication

6.2.2 Underwater Channel

6.2.3 Characteristics of Underwater Laser Communication

6.3 Submarine Laser Communication

6.3.1 Forms of Submarine Laser Communication

6.3.2 Transmission of Each Dielectric Layer

6.3.3 Time Spreading

6.3.4 Energy Equation

6.3.5 Trends of Submarine Laser Communication

6.4 Summary and Prospects

6.5 Questions

6.6 Exercises

7 Ultraviolet Communication

7.1 UV Light and Its Channel Characteristics

7.1.1 UV Light

7.1.2 Characteristics of UV Light

7.1.3 UV Atmospheric Channel

7.1.4 Characteristics of UV Atmospheric Channel

7.2 Characteristics of NLOS UV Transmission

7.2.1 Ellipsoid Coordinate System

7.2.2 UV Scattering Communication

7.2.3 NLOS Scattering Characteristics

7.3 Solar-Blind UV NLOS Communication Network

7.3.1 Wireless Mesh Communication Network

7.3.2 Wireless UV Mesh Communication Network

7.4 Summary and Prospects

7.5 Questions

7.6 Exercises

8 Acquisition, Aiming, and Tracking Technology.

8.1 Acquisition, Pointing, and Tracking System

8.1.1 Concepts

8.1.2 Operating Principle

8.2 Automatic Acquisition

8.2.1 Open-Loop Acquisition Mode

8.2.2 Scanning Modes

8.2.3 Performance of Acquisition

8.3 Automatic Tracking

8.3.1 Tracking System

8.3.2 Compound-Axis Control System

8.3.3 Accuracy of a Coarse Tracking Unit

8.3.4 Fine Tracking Unit

8.4 Fast Alignment Using Two-Dimensional Mirror

8.4.1 Introduction

8.4.2 Theoretical Model

8.4.3 Experiments

8.5 Alignment Error

8.5.1 Attenuation Model of Optical Power

8.5.2 Geometric Attenuation Model of Gaussian Beam with Alignment Error

8.5.3 Average Geometric Attenuation Model with Alignment Error

8.6 Summary and Prospects

8.7 Questions

8.8 Exercises

9 Partially Coherent Optical Transmission

9.1 Basic Parameters of a Light Beam

9.1.1 Emission Beam

9.1.2 Mutual Interference Function

9.1.3 Beam Spreading, Drift, and Intensity Fluctuation

9.2 Partially Coherent Light Model

9.2.1 Description of Partially Coherent Light

9.2.2 Partially Coherent Beam

9.3 Beam Propagation in Atmospheric Turbulence

9.3.1 Beam Spread and Beam Drift

9.3.2 Drift and Spread of a Horizontally Propagating Beam

9.3.3 Drift and Spread of a Slant Propagating Beam

9.3.4 Fluctuation of Angle of Arrival

9.3.5 Influence of Beam Drift and Spread on a Communication System

9.4 Summary and Prospects

9.5 Questions

9.6 Exercises

10 Optical Communication in the Future

10.1 X-ray Space Optical Communication

10.1.1 Backgrounds

10.1.2 X-ray Communication System

10.1.3 Development Directions and Prospects

10.2 Orbital Angular Momentum Multiplexing Communication

10.2.1 Vortex Beam

10.2.2 Generation of a Vortex Beam

10.2.3 OAM Multiplexing Communication System.

10.3 Neutrino Communication.

Notes:

Description based on print version record.

Other Format:

Print version: Ke, Xizheng Optical Wireless Communication

ISBN:

981-19-0382-4