Series-parallel converter-based microgrids : system-level control and stability / Yao Sun [and five others].

Format:

Book

Author/Creator:

Sun, Yao, author.

Series:

Power Systems

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Microgrids (Smart power grids).

Physical Description:

1 online resource (384 pages)

Place of Publication:

Cham, Switzerland : Springer, [2022]

Summary:

​ ​Series-Parallel Converter-Based Microgrids: System-Level Control and Stability is the first book to provide a comprehensive and in-depth introduction to the rapid development of series-parallel converter applications in the microgrid system. It provides an advanced and in-depth introduction into all major system modeling, coordinated control, and stability analysis issues, and provides useful methodologies and philosophies for developing new topologies and controls for self-organized decentralized operation of microgrid systems. For each topic, a theoretical introduction and overview are backed by very concrete programming examples that enable the reader to not only understand the topic but to develop microgrid simulation models.

Contents:

Intro

Preface

Acknowledgments

Contents

About the Authors

List of Symbols

1 Overview of Microgrid

1.1 Microgrid Concept and Challenges

1.1.1 Microgrid Concept

1.1.2 Challenges for Microgrid

1.2 Converters Classification in Microgrid

1.2.1 Grid-Following Converter

1.2.2 Grid-Forming Converter

1.3 Architecture of Microgrid

1.3.1 Parallel-Type Microgrid

1.3.2 Series-Type Microgrid

1.3.3 Hybrid Series-Parallel Microgrid

1.4 Hierarchical Control Theory-General Introduction and Motivation

1.4.1 Primary Control

1.4.1.1 Conventional Droop Control

1.4.1.2 Virtual Impedance Control

1.4.2 Secondary Control

1.4.2.1 Centralized Control

1.4.2.2 Distributed Control and the Consensus Algorithm

1.4.3 Tertiary Control

1.5 Microgrid System Stability

1.5.1 Classification of Microgrid System Stability

1.5.1.1 Power Supply and Balance Stability

1.5.1.2 Control System Stability

1.5.2 Stability Analysis and Performance Assessment

1.5.2.1 Time-Scale Separation and Model Reduction

1.5.2.2 Stability of a Single Converter Connected to an Infinite Bus

1.5.2.3 Stability of Multi-Converter Systems

1.5.2.4 Stability of Multi-Converter Multi-Machine Systems

1.6 Organization of the Book

References

Part I Parallel-Type Microgrid System

2 Unified Droop Control Under Different Impedance Types

2.1 Different Droop Control Under Different Impedance Types

2.2 Basic Droop Control

2.2.1 Fundamental Concept of Frequency Droop

2.2.2 Equivalence of Virtual Impedance and Angle Droop

2.2.3 Analogy Between Angle Droop and Frequency Droop

2.3 Unified Droop Control Under Different Impedance Types

2.3.1 Unified Droop Control

2.3.2 Small-Signal Analysis

2.4 Simulation Results

2.5 Experimental Results

2.6 Conclusion

References.

3 Dynamic Frequency Regulation Via Adaptive Virtual Inertia

3.1 Analogy Between Droop Control and Virtual Synchronous Generator

3.2 Algorithm of Adaptive Virtual Inertia

3.2.1 Comparison Between SG and Droop-Based DG

3.2.2 Adaptive Virtual Inertia

3.2.3 Practical Control Scheme Without Derivative Action

3.3 Stability Proof

3.3.1 Single Inverter-Based DG in Grid-Connected Mode

3.3.2 Synchronization of Multiple DGs in Islanded Mode

3.4 Design Guidelines for Key Control Parameters

3.4.1 Design Guideline for Droop Damping Coefficient Dm

3.4.2 Design Guideline for Inertia Coefficient J0

3.4.3 Design Guideline for Inertia Compensation Coefficient k

3.4.4 Parameter Design to Limit Excessive RoCoF

3.4.5 Adaptive Inertia Bound [Jmin, Jmax] to Avoid Long-Term Overcapacity of Converters

3.5 Hardware-In-Loop (HIL) Results

3.5.1 Case 1: Under Resistive Time-Varying Load

3.5.2 Case 2: Under Frequent-Variation Load

3.5.3 Case 3: Under Induction Motor (IM)

3.5.4 Case 4: Comparisons with Alternating Inertia Method

3.5.5 Case 5: Adaptive Inertia Control with Three DGs

3.5.6 Case 6: Adaptive Inertia Control with RoCoFLimitation

3.6 Conclusion

4 Accurate Reactive Power Sharing

4.1 Analysis of Conventional Droop Control Method

4.1.1 Conventional Droop Control

4.1.2 Reactive Power Sharing Errors Analysis

4.2 Reactive Power Sharing Error Compensation Method

4.2.1 Droop Controller

4.2.2 Communication Setup

4.2.3 Convergence Analysis

4.3 Simulation Results

4.3.1 Case 1: Power Sharing Accuracy Improvement

4.3.2 Case 2: Effect of Communication Delay

4.3.3 Case 3: Effect of Load Change

4.4 Experimental Results

4.5 Conclusion

5 Droop-Based Economical Dispatch

5.1 Economical Dispatch Problems Formulation.

5.2 GOD Criterion and Decentralized Control Schemes

5.2.1 GOD Criterion Via Decentralized Manner

5.2.2 Decentralized Suboptimal Scheme

5.3 Simulation and Experimental Results

5.3.1 Case 1: Global Optimal Case

5.3.2 Case 2: Suboptimal Case

5.3.3 Case 3: Suboptimal Case

5.4 Conclusion

6 Dynamic Distributed Consensus Control Strategy

6.1 Analysis of Modular UPS System

6.1.1 Configuration of Modular UPS System

6.1.2 Operation Principle of Modular UPS System

6.2 Dynamic Consensus-Based Adaptive Virtual ResistanceControl

6.3 Simulation Results

6.3.1 Case 1: Dynamic Performance Test with Linear Load and Mismatched Line Resistance

6.3.2 Case 2: Dynamic Performance Test with Both Linear and Nonlinear Loads

6.4 Experimental Results

6.4.1 Case 1: Under Linear Load

6.4.2 Case 2: Under Generalized Load

6.5 Conclusion

7 Distributed Event-Triggered Control with Less Communication

7.1 Islanded Microgrid Analysis

7.1.1 Reactive, Unbalanced, and Harmonic Power Sharing Analysis in Islanded AC Microgrids

7.1.2 Communication Network

7.2 Distributed Event-Triggered Control

7.2.1 Power Calculation

7.2.2 Controller Design

7.3 Stability Analysis

7.3.1 Proof of Theorem

7.3.2 Inter-Event Interval Analysis

7.4 Experimental Results

7.4.1 Case 1: Unbalanced Load

7.4.2 Case 2: Nonlinear Load

7.4.3 Case 3: Comparison with Periodic Communication

7.5 Conclusion

Part II Series-Type Microgrid Systems

8 Decentralized Method for Islanded Operation Mode

8.1 Series-Type Microgrid Configuration

8.2 Traditional Operation Mode

8.3 Decentralized Control Method Design

8.3.1 An f-P/Q Droop Control Scheme

8.3.2 A New Decentralized Control with Unique Equilibrium Point

8.3.3 Power Factor Angle Droop Control

8.4 Stability Analysis.

8.5 Case Study

8.5.1 Case 1: Suited for All Types of Loads

8.5.2 Case 2: Unique Equilibrium Point

8.6 Conclusion

9 Decentralized Optimal Economical Dispatch Scheme

9.1 Economical Optimization of Series-Type Microgrids

9.1.1 Economical Optimization Problem Formulation

9.2 Communication-Free Economical Operation Control Scheme

9.2.1 Control Scheme

9.2.2 Steady-State Analysis

9.3 Stability Analysis

9.4 Simulation Results

9.4.1 Case 1: Switch Between the RL and RC Load

9.4.2 Case 2: Optimal Economical Operation Under RL Load

9.4.3 Case 3: Optimal Economical Operation Under RC Load

9.4.4 Case 4: Capacity Constraints

9.4.5 Case 5: Comparisons Between the Scheme and Existing Method

9.4.6 Case 6: Performance of the Scheme Under the Feeder Impedance Variation

9.5 Experimental Results

9.6 Conclusion

10 Decentralized SOC Balancing Control for Series-Type Storages

10.1 Decentralized SOC Balancing Control

10.1.1 Equivalent Model of Series Energy Storage System

10.1.2 Approximate Relationship Between SOC and Output Power

10.1.3 SOC Balancing Control Method

10.1.4 Design of Double Control Loop

10.2 Stability Analysis of the Decentralized SOC BalancingControl

10.2.1 Singular Perturbation Theory

10.2.2 System Model

10.2.3 Analysis on the Outer System

10.2.4 Analysis on the Boundary Layer System

10.3 Simulation Results

10.3.1 Case 1: SOC Balancing in Four Quadrant Operations

10.3.2 Case 2: Mode Switching Between Discharging and Charging

10.3.3 Case 3: Simulation Tests Under Discharging Mode with Load Characteristics Changing

10.3.4 Case 4: Different Capacities of ESU

10.3.5 Case 5: Comparison of ESS with and Without SOC Balancing Control

10.4 Experimental Results

10.5 Conclusion

11 Decentralized Control Strategies in Grid-Connected Mode

11.1 Decentralized Control for Grid-Connected Series-Connected Inverters

11.1.1 Equivalent Models of Grid-Connected Series-Connected Inverters

11.1.2 Decentralized P-ω Droop Control

11.1.3 Steady State and Stability Analysis

11.1.4 Simulation Results

11.2 Decentralized Control for Series-Connected H-BridgeRectifiers

11.2.1 Models of Series-Connected Rectifiers

11.2.2 Decentralized Control for Series-Connected H-Bridge Rectifiers

11.2.3 Steady State and Synchronization Mechanism Analysis

11.2.4 Discussion and Comparisons Between the Introduced Control and Existing Methods

11.2.5 Experimental Results

11.3 Decentralized Control Scheme for Medium/High Voltage Series-Connected STATCOM

11.3.1 Models of Series-Connected STATCOM

11.3.2 Decentralized Control for Series-ConnectedSTATCOM

11.3.3 Steady State and Stability Analysis

11.3.4 Improved Decentralized Control for Abnormal-Grid Condition

11.3.5 Simulation Results

11.4 Conclusion

12 A Master-Slave Control in Grid-Connected Applications

12.1 Hybrid Voltage/Current Control

12.1.1 Control Configuration of Series Inverters

12.1.2 Hybrid Voltage/Current Control in DecentralizedManner

12.2 Performance Discussion and Comparison

12.2.1 Steady-State Analysis and Comparison with Existing Methods

12.2.2 Synchronization Mechanism

12.2.3 Discussion of One-to-All-Failure Redundancy

12.3 Experimental Results

12.3.1 Case 1: Source Power Change Under Unity PF

12.3.2 Case 2: Grid Voltage Sag Under No-Unity PF

12.3.3 Case 3: Large Source Power Gap Among SomeInverters

12.3.4 Case 4: Grid Frequency Deviation

12.3.5 Case 5: Grid Harmonics Condition

12.3.6 Case 6: Grid Impedance Variation

12.3.7 Case 7: One CCI Unit Fault Redundancy.

12.3.8 Case 8: One VCI Unit Fault Redundancy.

Notes:

Description based on print version record.

Other Format:

Print version: Sun, Yao Series-Parallel Converter-Based Microgrids

ISBN:

3-030-91511-5