Battery Management Systems and Inductive Balancing.

Format:

Book

Author/Creator:

Bossche, Alex van den.

Contributor:

Moghaddam, Ali Farzan.

Series:

Energy Engineering

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Electric batteries--Design and construction.

Electric batteries.

Physical Description:

1 online resource (322 pages)

Edition:

1st ed.

Place of Publication:

Stevenage : Institution of Engineering & Technology, 2022.

Summary:

This book addresses practical approaches to managing batteries to ensure their reliability and longevity. Batteries are key to the energy transition, for both stationary and mobile applications, but their inner workings must be understood in order to ensure effective management.

Contents:

Intro

Title

Copyright

Contents

About the authors

Preface

Acknowledgements

Summary

Abbreviations

Part I Introduction to batteries and balancing

Chapter 1 Introduction to batteries

1.1 Preface

1.2 History of the battery

1.3 Introduction of the battery

1.4 Lithium-based batteries

1.5 Charging and discharging

1.6 Chemistry

1.7 Charging methods

1.8 Characteristics

1.9 Application areas

References

Appendix A: Open-circuit voltage (OCV)

Chapter 2 Discussion about batteries

2.1 Introduction

2.2 Are minerals available?

2.2.1 Lead-acid batteries

2.2.2 Lithium-ion batteries

2.3 Life extension

2.4 Reuse or second life

2.5 Recycling

2.6 CO2 emission to produce a kWh of battery storage

2.6.1 Lead-acid and CO2

2.6.2 Lithium ion and CO2

2.7 Avoiding battery storage

2.7.1 Water heaters

2.7.2 Storing cold

2.7.3 Direct use of solar PV

2.7.4 Flywheel storage

2.7.5 Gravity storage

2.7.6 Compressed air

2.7.7 Seasonal storage

Chapter 3 Overview of battery types

3.1 Introduction

3.2 Overview of actual types

3.3 Batteries with water-based electrolytes

3.3.1 Lead-acid

3.3.2 Nickel-metal hydride NiMH

3.3.3 Salt water battery

3.3.4 Rechargeable alkaline battery

3.4 Organic electrolyte-based batteries

3.4.1 Lithium family

3.4.2 Li-ion battery characteristic

3.4.3 Lithium-iron-phosphate characteristic LiFePO4

3.4.4 Lithium metal batteries

3.4.5 Sodium-, potassium-, magnesium-, calcium-, zinc-, and aluminium-based batteries

3.5 Molten salt batteries

3.6 Fuel cells

3.6.1 Low-temperature fuel cells LTFC

3.6.2 High-temperature fuel cells HTFC

3.7 Flow battery systems

3.8 Nernst and electrochemical potential

References.

Chapter 4 Purpose of BMS, state of charge, state of health

4.1 State of charge, state of health, and state of power

4.1.1 State of charge

4.1.2 State of health

4.1.3 State of power

4.2 Sophisticated SoH modelling by BMS

4.3 Battery management system

4.4 Battery configuration

4.5 Types of battery management systems

4.5.1 One cell too low, one cell too high principle

4.5.2 Shunt resistor switching balancing (passive)

4.5.3 Capacitive shunting balancing (active)

4.5.4 Inductor balancing (active)

4.5.5 Transformer balancing (active)

4.5.6 Ćuk converter balancing (active)

4.5.7 Flyback converter balancing (active)

4.5.8 Forward converter balancing (active)

Part II Passive cell balancing circuits

Chapter 5 A smart high-voltage cell detecting and equalizing

5.1 Introduction

5.2 Possible technologies

Section 1: High-voltage cell detecting and equalizing circuit

5.3 Proposed smart high-voltage cell equalizing detection

5.4 Practical implementation

5.5 Experimental results

5.6 Communication between battery and charger via Bluetooth

5.7 Reduced temperature coefficient set-up

Section 2: Individual cell voltage measurement circuit using differential amplifiers and a smartphone

5.8 Introduction

5.9 Estimation of the standby current

5.10 Variant for 16 channels

Part III Active cell balancing circuits

Chapter 6 Resonant switched-capacitor balancing

6.1 Introduction

6.2 The conventional switched-capacitor balancing

6.3 Double-tiered switched-capacitor balancing

6.4 The proposed resonant switched-capacitor balancing

6.5 Simulation results

Chapter 7 Active equalizer using separate inductors

7.1 Introduction

Section 1: Inductor balancing circuit 'uncoupled inductors'.

7.2 Conventional inductor balancing circuit (non-coupled)

7.3 A faster inductor balancing circuit (non-coupled)

7.4 Simulation results

Section 2: Ćuk balancing circuit 'uncoupled inductors'

7.5 Ćuk converter balancing

7.6 The proposed Ćuk converter balancing

7.7 Simulation results

Chapter 8 Active equalizer using coupled inductors

8.1 Introduction

Section 1: Coupled inductors with one winding per two cells

8.2 Introduction of one winding per two cells

8.3 Coupled inductor balancing

8.4 The proposed coupled inductor balancing

8.5 Simulation results

8.6 Experimental results

8.7 Some note about winding the coupled inductor

Section 2: Ćuk converter balancing by using coupled inductors

8.8 Introduction of the Ćuk type with coupled inductors

8.9 The conventional Ćuk converter balancing

8.10 The simulation result of the conventional Ćuk balancing

8.11 The proposed Ćuk converter balancing circuit

8.12 The simulation results of the proposed Ćuk (four cells)

8.13 The simulation results of the proposed Ćuk balancing (eight cells)

8.14 Experimental results

Chapter 9 Active transformer-based equalizer

9.1 Introduction

Section 1: Full-bridge multi-winding transformer balancing circuit

9.2 The proposed multi-winding transformer balancing

9.3 Simulation results

Section 2: A single-transformer balancing circuit with two cells/winding

9.4 Introduction

9.5 Full-bridge double forward transformer balancing with two cells/winding

9.6 Operational principle

9.7 Practical implementation

9.8 Simulation results

9.9 Experimental results

Section 3: Multiple-secondaries transformer 'flyback principle'

9.10 Introduction of multiple-secondaries transformer using the flyback principle.

9.11 The proposed flyback converter balancing

9.12 Simulation results

Chapter 10 Buck-forward converter multipack cell equalizer

10.1 Introduction

10.2 Buck-forward converter multipack cell equalizer

10.3 The conventional forward balancing circuit

10.4 The proposed ZVS forward converter circuit

10.5 The buck converter

10.6 Simulation results

10.7 Experimental results

Part IV Battery charging and auxiliary circuits

Chapter 11 Trickle charging and vehicle start-up

11.1 Introduction

11.2 The proposed current driver circuit

11.3 The start-up system circuit

11.4 Operational principle of the start-up system

Chapter 12 Automatic charge selection between normal charge, equalizing and standby

12.1 Introduction

12.2 Working principle of the selection

12.3 Heat sink redesign

12.4 Result

Chapter 13 Push-pull converter battery charger fed by PV for electric vehicles

13.1 Introduction

13.2 Charging principle with PV panel

13.3 Push-pull converter circuit

13.4 Experimental results

Chapter 14 Auxiliary DC/DC converters

14.1 Introduction

14.2 Buck converter

14.3 Component selection

14.4 Inductor design

14.5 Constant voltage feedback working principle

14.6 Result

Conclusions

Index.

Notes:

Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.

ISBN:

1-83724-577-0

1-5231-4237-5

1-83953-358-7

OCLC:

1276853480