NMR and MRI of Electrochemical Energy Storage Materials and Devices / edited by Yong Yang, Riqiang Fu, and Hua Huo.

Format:

Book

Contributor:

Yang, Yong, editor.

Fu, Riqiang, editor.

Huo, Hua, editor.

Series:

ISSO (Series)

Issn Series

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Energy storage.

Nuclear magnetic resonance.

Physical Description:

1 online resource (624 pages)

Edition:

First edition.

Place of Publication:

London, England : The Royal Society of Chemistry, [2021]

Summary:

The aim of this book is to introduce the use of NMR and MRI methods for investigating electrochemical storage materials and devices to help both NMR spectroscopists entering the field of batteries and battery specialists seeking diagnostic methods for material and device degradation.

Contents:

Intro

Half Title

Series

Title

Copyright

Preface

List of Abbreviations

Contents

Part I Physical backgrounds and experimental methodology

Chapter 1 NMR Principles of Paramagnetic Materials

1.1 Spin Interactions: A General Introduction

1.1.1 Magnetic Moments

1.1.2 Zeeman Interaction

1.1.3 Internal NMR Spin Interactions

1.2 Paramagnetic Interactions in NMR

1.2.1 Magnetic Interactions in Battery Materials

1.2.2 Hyperfine Interactions in NMR

1.3 Calculating Paramagnetic NMR Parameters

1.3.1 NMR Shifts of Paramagnetic Molecules

1.3.2 NMR Shifts of Paramagnetic Battery Materials

References

Chapter 2 The Methodology of Electrochemical In Situ NMR and MRI

2.1 Design and General Considerations of In Situ NMR

2.1.1 Ex Situ Versus In Situ NMR

2.1.2 Electrochemical Cells for In Situ NMR Characterization

2.2 In Situ Magnetic Resonance Imaging

2.2.1 MRI: Concepts and Limitations

2.2.2 MRI of Electrochemical Processes and Model Systems

2.2.3 Commercial Cells

2.3 Conclusions

Acknowledgements

Chapter 3 Dealing with Quadrupolar Nuclei in Paramagnetic Systems

3.1 Quadrupole Interactions in Paramagnetic Systems

3.2 Static Quadrupolar Spectra

3.3 MAS Spectra

3.4 High-resolution Methods for Half-integer Quadrupolar Nuclei: MQMAS and STMAS

3.4.1 MQMAS

3.4.2 STMAS

3.5 Through-bond Correlations

3.6 Through-space Correlations and Distance Measurements

3.6.1 Cross-polarization

3.6.2 D-HMQC

3.6.3 D-RINEPT and PRESTO

3.6.4 RESPDOR

3.7 Conclusion and Outlook

Chapter 4 Dynamic Nuclear Polarisation Enhanced NMR

4.1 Introduction

4.2 Brief History of DNP

4.3 DNP Polarisation Transfer Mechanisms

4.3.1 Solid Effect

4.3.2 Cross Effect

4.3.3 Overhauser Effect.

4.4 Experimental Consideration

4.4.1 DNP Instrumentation

4.4.2 Polarising Agents

4.4.3 Sample Preparation

4.4.4 Measuring Signal Enhancement Obtained by DNP

4.5 Conclusion

Part II Case studies of electrochemical energy materials and devices

Chapter 5 Oxide-based Cathode Materials for Li- and Na-ion Batteries

5.1 Introduction

5.2 Lithium Layered Cathode Materials

5.2.1 Lithium Cobalt Oxides

5.2.2 Lithium-containing Ternary Oxides

5.2.3 Li-excess Layered Oxides

5.2.4 Spinel Oxides

5.3 Sodium Layered Cathode Materials

5.4 Concluding Remarks

Chapter 6 NMR Studies on Polyanion-type Cathode Materials for LIBs/NIBs

6.1 Iron-based Polyanions

6.1.1 PO4 Series

6.1.2 P2O7 Series

6.1.3 PO4F Series

6.1.4 SiO4 Series

6.2 Manganese-based Polyanions

6.2.1 PO4 Series

6.2.2 P2O7 Series

6.2.3 PO4CO3 Series

6.2.4 SiO4 Series

6.3 Cobalt-based Polyanions

6.3.1 PO4 Series

6.3.2 SiO4 Series

6.4 Vanadium-based Polyanions

6.4.1 PO4 Series

6.4.2 PO4O Series

6.4.3 PO4F Series

6.5 Summary

Chapter 7 Intercalation and Alloying Anode Materials for Rechargeable Li/Na Batteries

7.1 Introduction

7.2 Carbon Materials

7.2.1 Graphite

7.2.2 Hard Carbon

7.2.3 Ionic Transport Dynamics Studies of Alkali-C Compounds

7.3 Alloy-type Anode Materials

7.3.1 Si-based Anode Material

7.3.2 Other Alloy-type Anode Materials

7.4 Conclusions

Chapter 8 Electrolyte Evolution and SEI Interfaces

8.1 Introduction

8.2 Solution NMR Revealing Electrolyte Evolution

8.3 Multi-nuclei NMR Studies of SEI

8.4 Dynamic Nuclear Polarization (DNP) NMR

8.5 Concluding Remarks

References.

Chapter 9 NMR Studies of Oxide-type Solid State Electrolytes in All Solid State Batteries

9.1 Introduction

9.2 NMR Studies in Garnet-type Solid State Batteries

9.2.1 NMR Studies in Low Ionic Conductivity

9.2.2 NMR Studies of Lithium Dendrite in SSEs

9.3 NMR Studies in NASICON-type Solid State Batteries

9.3.1 NMR Studies in Low Ionic Conductivity

9.3.2 NMR Studies in Interfacial Issues

9.4 Conclusion and Perspective

Chapter 10 Organic and Organic-Inorganic Composite Solid Electrolytes

10.1 Organic Solid Electrolytes

10.1.1 Introduction

10.1.2 NMR Study of OIPCs

10.1.3 PEO Based Solid Polymer Electrolytes

10.1.4 Concluding Remarks

10.2 Organic-Inorganic Composite Solid Electrolytes

10.2.1 Introduction

10.2.2 Hybrid Composite Electrolytes

10.2.3 Ion Transport in Hybrid Composite Electrolytes

10.2.4 Layered Composite Electrolytes

10.2.5 Limitations of Composite Electrolytes

10.2.6 Perspective

10.2.7 Concluding Remarks

10.3 Summary

Chapter 11 Sulfide-based Electrolytes in Solid State Batteries

11.1 Introduction

11.2 NMR Studies of Sulfide-based Solid Electrolytes in Solid-state Batteries

11.2.1 Li2S-P2S5 Glasses and Glass-Ceramics

11.2.2 Li3PS4 Electrolyte

11.2.3 Li10GeP2S11 Electrolyte

11.2.4 Lithium Argyrodites and Its Analogues

11.2.5 Sodium Sulfide Solid Electrolyte

11.3 Summary

Chapter 12 NMR Characterization of Super-capacitors

12.1 Introduction

12.1.1 Introduction to the Supercapacitor Devices

12.1.2 Current Directions in Supercapacitor Research

12.1.3 Ring Current Effects

12.1.4 NMR Methods for the Study of Supercapacitors

12.1.5 Experimental Approaches for Studying Working Supercapacitors.

12.1.6 Adsorption Studies of Porous Carbon Electrode Materials

12.1.7 In Situ NMR Spectroscopy on Carbon-based Supercapacitors

12.1.8 Pulsed-field Gradient NMR Spectroscopy Studies of Carbon-based Supercapacitors

12.1.9 Probing the Carbon-Electrolyte Interface in RTIL Supercapacitors

12.2 Conclusions

Chapter 13 Characterising Non-aqueous Metal-Air Batteries Using NMR Spectroscopy

13.1 Introduction

13.2 Experimental Details

13.2.1 Solid-state NMR

13.2.2 Solution-state NMR

13.3 Examples of NMR Applications

13.3.1 Identifying the Discharge Products and By-products

13.3.2 Unravelling Reaction Mechanisms with Isotopic Labelling

13.3.3 Quantifying Parasitic Reactions, Long-term Stability and Rechargeability

13.3.4 Locating By-products by 2D Homonuclear Correlation NMR

13.4 Conclusions

Chapter 14 Electrocatalyst and Electrode Reactions in Fuel Cells

14.1 Introduction

14.2 Electrochemistry-NMR Combination

14.2.1 In Situ NMR Spectroelectrochemical Detection Devices

14.2.2 Real-time Techniques to Monitor Electrochemical Reactions

14.3 NMR Spectroscopy to Investigate Electrocatalysts and Electrocatalysis

14.3.1 Electrocatalysts Surface/Interface Studied by NMR Spectroscopy

14.3.2 Electrocatalysis Process Studied by NMR Spectroscopy

14.4 NMR Based Fuel Cell Characterization and Diagnosis

14.4.1 NMR Spectroscopy for Species Analysis in Fuel Cells

14.4.2 NMR Imaging Under In Situ and Operando Conditions

14.5 Conclusions and Perspectives

Chapter 15 Surface Structures and Their Reactions in Transition Metal Oxides

15.1 Mechanisms

15.1.1 Double-layer Capacitance

15.1.2 Pseudocapacitance

15.1.3 Capacitance in Hybrid Systems

15.2 NMR Studies of Pseudocapacitive Properties of Oxides.

15.2.1 Conventional NMR

15.2.2 Ex situ NMR

15.2.3 In situ NMR

15.3 NMR Studies of Surface Structure of Oxides

15.3.1 31P NMR Spectroscopy in Combination with Probe Molecules

15.3.2 17O NMR Spectroscopy

15.3.3 DNP SENS

15.4 Conclusions

Chapter 16 In Situ NMR Techniques for Li-ion Batteries

16.1 Introduction

16.2 In Situ NMR of LIBs

16.3 In Situ MRI of LIBs

16.3.1 In Situ MRI of Electrodes

16.3.2 In Situ MRI of Electrolytes: Liquid and Solid Electrolytes

16.4 In Situ NMR of Other Batteries

16.5 In Situ EPR/EPRI of LIBs

16.6 Concluding Remarks

16.7 Perspectives

Chapter 17 Stray Field Imaging for High Resolution In Situ Analysis of Lithium-ion Batteries

17.1 Introduction

17.2 General Principles of Imaging

17.3 Stray Field Imaging Methodology

17.3.1 Magnetic Field Gradient

17.3.2 STRAFI Methods

17.4 Practical Aspects of STRAFI Studies for Li-ion Batteries

17.4.1 STRAFI Probe Design for Li-ion Batteries

17.4.2 Data Acquisition Considerations

17.5 STRAFI Application for In situ Li-ion Battery Studies

17.5.1 Diamagnetic Battery Phantoms and Half-cell Batteries

17.5.2 Paramagnetic Battery Phantoms and Half-cell Batteries

17.6 Current and Future Perspectives

Subject Index.

Notes:

Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.

Description based on print version record.

Includes bibliographical references.

ISBN:

9781523141548

1523141549

9781839160097

1839160098

9781839160103

1839160101

OCLC:

1257666126