Frontiers in clinical drug research - CNS and neurological disorders. Volume 4 / edited by Atta-ur-Rahman.

Format:

Book

Contributor:

Atta-ur-Rahman, editor.

Series:

Frontiers in Clinical Drug Research - CNS and Neurological Disorders

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Central nervous system.

Physical Description:

1 online resource (385 pages)

Place of Publication:

Sharjah, United Arab Emirates : Bentham Science Publishers, [2016]

Summary:

Frontiers in Clinical Drug Research - CNS and Neurological Disorders is an eBook series that brings updated reviews to readers interested in advances in the development of pharmaceutical agents for the treatment of central nervous system (CNS) and other nerve disorders. The scope of the eBook series covers a range of topics including the medicinal chemistry, pharmacology, molecular biology and biochemistry of contemporary molecular targets involved in neurological and CNS disorders. Reviews presented in the series are mainly focused on clinical and therapeutic aspects of novel drugs intended for these targets. Frontiers in Clinical Drug Research - CNS and Neurological Disorders is a valuable resource for pharmaceutical scientists and postgraduate students seeking updated and critical information for developing clinical trials and devising research plans in the field of neurology. The fourth volume of this series features reviews that cover a variety of topics including: -Multiple sclerosis drug therapy -Treatment of diabetic neuropathy -Migraine treatments -Ischemic stroke treatments -Alzheimer's disease biomarkers

Contents:

Intro

CONTENTS

PREFACE

List of Contributors

Multiple Sclerosis Drug Therapy: From the Classical Pharmaceutical Down to Cellular and Molecular Approach

MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS

Epidemiology, Environmental Agents and Genetics

Pathogenesis

Animal Models

Different Immune System Players on the MS Stage

T-cells

B-cells

Other Immune System Cells and the Innate Immune Response

Histopathology

Active Lesions

Chronic Plaques

Remyelinated Plaques

Clinical Features and Diagnostic Criteria

DISEASE-MODIFYING DRUGS

Steroids

Injectable Drugs

Beta-Interferons

Glatiramer Acetate

Oral Drugs

Teriflunomide

Dimethyl Fumarate (DMF, BG-12)

Fingolimod (FTY720)

Conventional Immunosuppressants

Cyclophosphamide

Azathioprine

Mitoxantrone

Laquinimod

Methotrexate

Biologics (Monoclonal Antibodies)

Natalizumab

Alemtuzumab (Campath-1H)

RECENT EMERGING BIOLOGICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL THERAPEUTICAL APPROACHES

B-Cells

Rituximab

Ocrelizumab and Ofatumumab

MEDI-551

Mast Cells

Masitinib mesylate

Cytokines and Chemokines

Daclizumab

Tabalumab (LY2127399)

MOR103

Secukinumab

Tolerogenic Vaccines for MS

Stem Cells

Haematopoietic Stem Cells (HSCs)

Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs)

Helminths

Vitamin D

Remyelination Strategies in MS

BIIB033

rHIgM22

CONFLICT OF INTEREST

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

ABBREVIATIONS

REFERENCES

Prospective Therapies for Alzheimer Disease: Biomarkers, Clinical Trials and Preclinical Research

I. INTRODUCTION

I.1. Background

I.2. Alzheimer's Disease and the Need for New Drugs

I.3. The Amyloid Cascade Hypothesis (ACH)

I.4. Correlation among Aβ and other AD Hallmarks

I.5. Genetics of AD

I.5.1. APP

I.5.2. PSEN1/PSEN2

I.5.3. APOE

I.5.4 . APOJ/CLU.

I.5.5. The Role of Genetic Testing in Clinical Care

II. THE ROLE OF BIOMARKERS IN EARLY DIAGNOSIS AND CLINICAL TRIALS ASSESSMENT

II.1. Biochemical Markers

II.1.1. Cerebrospinal Fluid Biomarkers

II.1.2. Blood Biomarkers

II.2. Imaging-based Biomarkers

II.2.1. Structural Magnetic Resonance Imaging

II.2.2. Diffusion Tensor Imaging

II.2.3. Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging

II.2.4. Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy

II.2.5. Fluorodeoxyglucose-Positron Emission Tomography

II.2.6. Amyloid-Positron Emission Tomography

II.3. The Continuum of AD: Diagnosis and Prognosis

II.4. Regulatory Framework

III. PROSPECTIVE THERAPIES

III.1. Non-immunologic Therapies

III.1.1. Clinical Trials

III.1.2. Preclinical Studies

III.2. Immunotherapy

III.2.1. Active Immunotherapy

III.2.2. Passive Immunotherapy

CONCLUSION AND FUTURE PERSPECTIVES

FUNDING

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

At the Crossroad between Neuronal Hyperexcitability and Neuroinflammation: New Therapeutic Opportunities for Alzheimer's Disease?

INTRODUCTION

1. BACKGROUND ON AD

1.1. APP Processing

1.2. Genetics of AD

1.3. Clinical Trials &amp

Treatment Strategies

2. PRECLINICAL AVENUES

2.1. Neuroinflammation &amp

Tumor Necrosis Factor-α

2.2. Network Hyperexcitability

3. CROSS-TALK BETWEEN SYNAPTIC HYPEREXCITABILITY &amp

TNF

CONCLUSION

Treatment of Diabetic Neuropathy - Current Possibilities and Perspectives

DIABETES MELLITUS

CHRONIC COMPLICATIONS OF DIABETES MELLITUS

DIABETIC NEUROPATHY

ETIOPATHOGENESIS OF DIABETIC NEUROPATHY

Advanced Glycation End Products

Oxidative Stress

Gene Polymorphisms Of Antioxidant Enzymes And Chronic Diabetic Complications.

Polyol Pathway

Protein Kinase C

Hexosamine Pathway

Low C-peptide Concentration

Proinflammatory Cytokines

Neurotrophic Factors

Angiotensin-converting Enzyme

Kinin B1 Receptor

TREATMENT OF DIABETIC NEUROPATHY

Treatment of Diabetes Mellitus - Adequate Compensation

Supportive and Additional Treatment

Alpha-lipoic Acid

Symptomatic Treatment

Treatment in Experimental and Clinical Studies

Anti-inflammatory Drugs

Angiotensin Converting enzyme (ACE) Inhibitors

Novel Drugs with Antioxidant Functions

Non-pharmacological Therapy

inhibitors of Epigenetic Modifications

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

The Now and Tomorrow of Migraine Treatments

PATHOPHYSIOLOGICAL OVERVIEW

ACUTE ATTACK TREATMENT

Currently Available Drugs

Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs)

Ergot Alkaloids and Triptans

Combination Regimens

Narcotic Analgesics

Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy

Medication Overuse Headache

Novel Targets for Attack Treatment

CGRP

NOS Inhibition

TRP Channels

Glutamate Receptors

PACAP-38

Cannabinoids

The Parenchymal Inflammatory Cascade

PROPHYLACTIC TREATMENT

Antiepileptics

Antidepressants

Beta Blockers

Calcium Channel Blockers

Glutamate Receptor Antagonists

Triptans

Novel Targets for Prophylactic Treatment

Gap Junction Blockers

Renin-Angiotensin System

Acid Sensing Ion Channels

Botulinum Neurotoxin

CONCLUDING REMARKS

The Now and Tomorrow of Ischemic Stroke Treatment

ADVANCES IN TREATMENT OF ACUTE ISCHEMIC STROKE

Recanalization/Reperfusion

Neuro-Glial Protection

Prevention of Secondary Complications.

ADVANCES IN SECONDARY PROPHYLAXIS OF ISCHEMIC STROKE

SUBJECT INDEX.

Notes:

Description based on print version record.

Includes index.

ISBN:

9781681082950

1681082950

OCLC:

1260346176