Afetna Point, Saipan : archaeological investigations of a Latte Period village and historic context in the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands / Boyd Dixon [and three others].

Format:

Book

Author/Creator:

Dixon, Boyd, author.

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Archaeology.

Saipan (Northern Mariana Islands)--Antiquities.

Saipan (Northern Mariana Islands).

Physical Description:

1 online resource (202 pages)

Place of Publication:

Oxford, England : Archaeopress, [2019]

Summary:

Archaeological investigations at the Chamorro village at Afetna Point on the southwest coast of Saipan yielded Latte Period burials, ceramics, stone and shell tools, microfossils from food remains, and charcoal from cooking features dating between A.D. 1450 and 1700.

Contents:

Cover

Title Page

Copyright Information

Contents

Preface

Chapter 1

1.1. Afetna Point Then and Now

Introduction to Afetna Point on Saipan

1.2. Afetna Point Archaeological Project

Chapter 2

Environmental Context of Afetna Point

2.1. Physical Environment

2.1.1 Geology

2.1.2 Soils

2.1.3. Precipitation

2.1.4. Vegetation

Chapter 3

Research Design and Methods Employed

3.1. Research Objectives

3.2. Research Questions

3.2.1 Pre-Latte Period Site

3.2.2 Latte Period Site

3.3. Methods

3.3.1. Field Methods

3.3.2. Data Recovery Excavation

3.3.3 Laboratory Methods

3.3.3.1. Artifact Analysis

3.3.3.1.1 Ceramics

3.3.3.1.2. Stone Artifacts

3.3.3.1.3 Shell Artifacts

3.3.3.1.4 Historic Artifacts

3.3.3.1.5 Faunal Analysis

Human Bone Analysis

3.3.3.1.6. Radiocarbon Dating

3.3.3.1.7 Microfossil Analysis

3.3.3.1.8 Pollen Analysis

Specialized Analysis

3.3.3.1.10 Starch and Other Plant Materials

3.3.3.1.9 Phytolith Analysis

3.4 Previous Archaeological Investigations near Afetna Point

Chapter 4

4.1 Prehistoric Background

4.2 Pre-Latte Period

4.3 Latte Period

4.4. Historic Background

4.4.1. Contact Period

4.4.2. Spanish Administration

4.4.3. German Administration

4.4.4. Japanese Administration

4.4.5. American Administration

Chapter 5

Latte Period Results

5.1 Data Recovery Excavation

5.1.1. Features and their Contexts

5.1.2. Stratigraphic Context

5.1.3. Site SP 1-1037

5.1.3.1. Feature 1

5.1.3.1.1 Feature 1 Test Pit 1

5.1.3.2 Feature 2

5.1.3.2.1. Feature 2 Test Pit 1

5.1.3.3. Feature 3

5.1.3.3.1. Feature 3 Test Pit 1

5.1.3.4. Feature 4

5.1.3.5. Feature 5

5.1.3.5.1. Feature 5 Test Pit 1

5.1.3.6. Feature 7

5.1.3.7. Feature 8

5.1.3.7.1. Feature 8 Test Pit 1.

5.1.4 Artifacts

5.1.4.1. Groundstone Artifacts

Adzes

Pounders

Grinders

Spheres/Ovoids

Anvil

Mortars and Basins

Polishing Stones

5.1.4.2. Coral Artifacts

Abraders

Bead

Pestle

5.1.4.3 Limestone Sling Stones

Patterning of Lithic Artifacts at Parcel 004-1-52

5.1.4.4. Marine Shell Artifacts

Grater

Beads

Marine Shell Midden

5.1.4.5. Bone Artifacts

5.1.4.6. Ceramics

5.1.5. Faunal Bone Remains

5.2. Radiocarbon Dating

5.2.1. Research Questions and Interpretive Models

5.2.2. Materials and Analytical Methods

5.2.3. Radiocarbon Results

5.2.3.1. Feature 1

5.2.3.2. Feature 2

5.2.3.3. Feature 3

5.2.3.4. Feature 5

5.2.3.5. Feature 8

5.2.3.6. Statistical Analyses of SP 1-1037 Radiocarbon Results

5.2.3.7. Discussion of Radiocarbon results

5.3. Microfossil Remains

5.3.1. Microfossil Results

Chapter 6

6.1 Introduction

6.1.1 Previous Osteological Investigations in Saipan

6.2 Assemblage characteristics

6.2.1 Preservation

6.2.2 Calculations of Minimum Number of Individuals

6.3. Paleodemography

6.3.1 Age and Sex Distribution

6.3.2 Abridged Life Table

6.4 Morphology of the cranium and mandible

6.4.1 Cranial and Mandibular Metric Data

6.4.2 Cranial and Mandibular Nonmetric Data

6.5 Morphology of the postcranial remains

6.5.1 Postcranial Metric Data for Adults

6.5.2 Estimated Stature for Adults

6.5.3 Postcranial Nonmetric Data

6.6 Dental Morphology and Pathologies

6.6.1 Dental Metric Data

6.6.2 Dental Nonmetric Data

6.6.3 Permanent Dentition

6.6.4 Linear Enamel Hypoplasias

6.6.5 Carious Lesions

6.6.6 Abscesses

6.6.7 Antemortem Tooth Loss

6.6.8 Calculus

6.6.9 Periodontal Disease

6.6.10 Dental Attrition

6.6.11 Betel Nut Staining

6.6.12 Deciduous Dentition.

6.7 Skeletal Pathologies

6.7.1 Trauma

6.7.2 Treponematosis (Yaws)

6.7.3 Osteoarthritis

6.7.4 Vertebral Osteoarthritis

6.7.5 Degenerative Joint Disease

6.7.6 Pathologies of Unknown Etiology and Other Conditions

6.7.7 Pacchionian Pits

6.7.8 Squatting Facets

6.7.9 Unknown Etiology

6.7.10 Occipital Superstructures

6.8 Mortuary Analysis

5.8.3 Grave Goods

6.8.1 Burial Orientation

6.8.2 Burial Position and Placement

6.8.4 Discussion

6.9 Conclusions

6.9.1 Summary

6.9.2 How do the individuals recovered compare to remains recovered from other sites?

Chapter 7

Discussion of Research Questions

7.1 Pre-Latte Period

7.2 Latte Period

7.2.1 Does the patterning of Latte burials suggest locations of domestic residences (latte structures)?

7.2.2 What are the demographics of the burial population recovered?

7.2.3 What is the general health of this population?

Chapter 8

Larger Research Implications

8.1 Latte Period Comparisons

9.1 Archaeological and Historical References

Chapter 9

References Cited by Major Topics

9.2 Osteological References

Figure 1. Location of Saipan in the Northern Mariana Islands

Figure 2. Project Location on Saipan

Figure 3. Archaeological Inventory Survey Results

Figure 4. Timeline for Parcel 004-1-52, San Antonio, Saipan

Figure 5. Schematic of Construction Phases Across the Project Area

Figure 6. Clock Used to Measure Rim Orientation

Figure 7. Ceramic Vessel Forms in the Mariana Islands

Figure 8. Kalabera Cave Latte sets

Table 1. Cultural Sequence for Afetna Site (Adapted from McGovern-Wilson 1989:26)

Figure 9. Map of San Antonio Village Showing the Afetna Archaeological Site

Figure 10. TP Locations at Surf Hotel

Figure 11. Burial Locations at the Surf Hotel

Table 2. Saipan Chronology.

Figure 12. Early Pre-Latte Coastline

Figure 13. Late Pre-Latte Coastline

Figure 14. Latte Period Settlement Areas

Figure 15. Subsurface Prehistoric Remains Recorded during Data Recovery

Table 3. Archaeological Features Recorded during Excavation of the Property

Figure 16. Location of Archaeological Sites and Features

Figure 17. Site SP 1-1037 with Features

Figure 18. Site SP 1-1037, Feature 1, Plan View and Profile Photo

Figure 19. Site SP 1-1037, Feature 1, Plan View and Profile View to west

Table 4. Stratigraphic Summary of Feature 1 TP1 at

Figure 20. Site SP 1-1037, Feature 2, Plan View to the West, Profile below on the Left

Table 5. Stratigraphic Summary of Feature 2 TP1

Figure 21. Site SP 1-1037, Feature 2, Plan View and Profile to the Northeast

Table 6. Stratigraphic Summary of Shovel Test Pits at Feature 3

Figure 22. Site SP 1-1037, Feature 3, Profile of TP1, View to the South

Figure 23. Site SP 1-1037, Feature 3, TP1 Profile, South Wall

Figure 24. Site SP 1-1037, Feature 3, TP1 Plan View and Negative Shovel Test Pits

Figure 25. Site SP 1-1037, Feature 4, Profile with Complex Stratigraphy Below

Table 7. Stratigraphic Summary of Feature 3 TP1

Figure 26. Site SP 1-1037, Feature 4, Profile of the North Wall

Figure 27. Site SP 1-1037, Feature 5, Profile of East Wall

Table 8. Stratigraphic Summary of Feature 5 TP1

Figure 28. Site SP 1-1037, Feature 7, Plan View to the South

Figure 29. Site SP 1-1037, Feature 7, Plan View of Hearth

Figure 30. Site SP 1-1037, Feature 8 Profile, View to the Northeast

Table 9. Stratigraphic Summary of Feature 8 TP1

Figure 31. Site SP 1-1037, Feature 8, Profile of North Wall

Figure 32. Artifact Number 55.001, Basalt Adze, Ground Flat and Sharpened

Figure 33. Artifact Number 139.001, Basalt Adze, Oval Shape with Use Wear on Bevele.

Table 10. Basalt Artifacts Collected from Site SP 1-1037

Figure 34. Artifact Number 21.001 (left) and Artifact Number 17.001 (right) Basalt Adze

Figure 35. Artifact Number 39.001, Basalt Pounder, Tear Drop Shaped Cobble with Use Wear

Figure 36. Artifact Number 46.001, Basalt Pounder, Oval Shaped Cobble with Use Wear

Figure 37. Artifact Number 13.001, Basalt Pounder, Rectangular Shaped Cobble

Figure 38. Artifact Number 166.001, Basalt Pounder, Conical Shaped Cobble with Use Wear

Figure 39. Artifact Number 164.001, Basalt Pounder, Oval Shaped Cobble with Use Wear

Figure 40. Artifact Number 171.001, Basalt Grinder, Oval Shaped Cobble with Use Wear

Figure 41. Artifact Number 175.001, Basalt Grinder, Oval Shaped Cobble with Use Wear

Figure 42. Artifact Number 167.001, Basalt Grinder, Oval Shaped Cobble with Use Wear

Figure 43. Artifact Number 176.001, Stone Sphere

Figure 44. Artifact Number 173.001, Stone Sphere with Band around the Center

Figure 45. Artifact Number 177.001, Basalt Anvil with Chipping around Edges

Figure 46. Artifact Number 161.001, Basalt Mortar, Circular Shaped Ground Cobble

Figure 47. Artifact Number 161.002, Basalt Mortar, Irregular Shaped Ground Cobble

Figure 48. Artifact Number 37.001, Basalt Mortar, Circular Shaped Ground Cobble

Figure 49. Artifact Number 140.001, Basalt Polishing Stone, Oval Shaped Cobble

Figure 50. Artifact Number 19.001, Pitted Coral Abrader, Oval Shaped with Depressions

Table 11. Coral Artifacts Recovered at Site SP 1-1037

Figure 51. Artifact Number 132.001, Coral Pestle, Rectangular Shaped with Use Wear

Figure 52. Artifact Number 116.001, Fossilized Coral Bead, Polished and Drilled

Figure 53. Limestone and Basalt Sling Stones, Uniform to Irregular Shaped

Table 12. Limestone Artifacts Recovered from Site SP 1-1037.

Table 13. Frequency and Relative Percent of Stone Tools from Parcel 004-1-52.

Notes:

Description based on print version record.

ISBN:

1-78969-177-X