Lifestyle medicine : lifestyle, the environment and preventive medicine in health and disease / edited by Garry Egger [and three others].

Format:

Book

Contributor:

Egger, Garry, editor.

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Medicine, Preventive.

Health promotion.

Health behavior.

Physical Description:

1 online resource (457 pages)

Edition:

Third edition.

Place of Publication:

London, England : Academic Press, 2017.

Summary:

Introductions to the role of lifestyle factors in medicine / Garry Egger, Andrew Binns, Stephan Rössner and Michael Sagner -- The epidemiology of chronic disease / Maximillian de Courten, Barbora de Courten, Garry Egger and Michael Sagner -- A "germ theory" approach for lifestyle medicine / Garry Egger -- structure for lifestyle medicine / Garry Egger, Michael Sagner, Hamish Meldrum, David Katz and Rob Lawson -- Everything you wanted to know about motivation (but weren't intrinsically motivated enough to ask) / John Litt, Rosanne Coutts and Garry Egger -- Self-management in lifestyle medicine / Malcolm Battersby, Garry Egger and John Litt -- Overweight and obesity / Stephan Rössner, Garry Egger, Andrew Binns and Michael Sagner -- Nutrition for the nondietician / Joanna McMillan Price and Garry Egger -- Fluids, fitness and fatness / Garry Egger and Suzanne Pearson -- Behavioral aspects of nutrition / Neil King and Garry Egger -- Physical activity / Mike Climstein and Garry Egger -- Physical activity / Mike Climstein and Garry Egger -- Stress / Gary Egger and Robert Reznick -- Dealing with worry and anxiety / Andrew Binns, Garry Egger and Robert Reznick -- Depression / Robert Reznick, Andrew Binns and Garry Egger -- Happiness and mental health / Julia Anwar-McHenry, Rob Donovan and Garry Egger -- Technology-induced pathology / John Stevens and Garry Egger -- To sleep, perchance to ... get everything else right / Caroline West and Garry Egger -- Health and the environment / Garry Egger, Andrew Binns and Stephan Rössner -- Meaningless, alienation and loss of culture/identity (MAL) as determinants of chronic disease / John Stevens, Andrew Binns, Bob Morgan and Garry Egger -- Preventing and managing injury at the clinical level / Kevin Wolfenden and Garry Egger - Rethinking chronic pain in a lifestyle medicine context / Chris Hayes, Caroline West and Garry Egger -- Understanding addictions / John Litt and Caroline West -- Medicines / Julian Henwood, Stephan Rössner and Andrew Binns -- Relationships, social inequity and distal factors in lifestyle medicine / Garry Egger, Andrew Binns, Stephan Rössner and Maximillian De Couten -- Sex and lifestyle / Michael Gillman and Garry Egger -- Lifestyle and oral health / Bernadette Drummond and Garry Egger -- Lifestyle and environmental influences on skin / Hugh Molloy and Garry Egger -- Lifestyle-related aspects of gastrointestinal health / Ross Hansen -- The next chapter / Michael Sagner, Amy McNeil and Ross Arena.-- Source other than the Library of Congress

Contents:

Front Cover

Lifestyle Medicine

Lifestyle Medicine: Lifestyle, the Environment and Preventive Medicine in Health and Disease

Copyright

Contents

About the Editors

About the Authors

Preface

I - BACKGROUND AND BASIS FOR THE ROLE OF LIFESTYLE FACTORS IN CHRONIC DISEASE PREVENTION AND TREATMENT

1 - Introduction to the Role of Lifestyle Factors in Medicine

INTRODUCTION: WHAT IS LIFESTYLE MEDICINE?

THE SCOPE OF LIFESTYLE IN MEDICINE

HISTORICAL BACKGROUND

LIFESTYLE IN THE CONTEXT OF CHRONIC AND ACUTE DISEASE

DIFFERENCES BETWEEN TRADITIONAL/CONVENTIONAL AND THE MODEL OF LIFESTYLE MEDICINE

THE LINKS THAT HIGHLIGHT LIFESTYLE FACTORS IN MEDICINE

WHO IS BEST QUALIFIED TO PRACTICE LIFESTYLE INTERVENTIONS?

THE EVIDENCE BASE

FRAMEWORKS FOR LIFESTYLE CHANGES IN MEDICINE

SUMMARY

REFERENCES

FURTHER READING

2 - The Epidemiology of Chronic Disease

INTRODUCTION: A (VERY) SHORT HISTORY OF DISEASE

LIFESTYLE-RELATED CAUSES OF DISEASE

ASSESSING RISK FACTORS

BEYOND SINGLE RISK FACTORS

BEYOND RISK FACTORS ALTOGETHER

LOOKING BEYOND IMMEDIATE CAUSES OF DISEASE

PROXIMAL DETERMINANTS

MEDIAL DETERMINANTS

DISTAL DETERMINANTS

EXPANDING THE CONCEPT OF DISEASE AND INTERVENTION

THE CLINICIAN'S ROLE IN MANAGING LIFESTYLE-RELATED CHRONIC DISEASES

3 - A "GERM THEORY" EQUIVALENT APPROACH FOR LIFESTYLE MEDICINE1

INFLAMMATION AND DISEASE

METAFLAMMATION AND "ANTHROPOGENS"

CHRONIC DISEASE AND THE GERM THEORY

RELEVANCE FOR PUBLIC HEALTH AND LIFESTYLE MEDICINE

MANAGING ANTHROPOGENS

4 - A Structure for Lifestyle Medicine

INTRODUCTION: THE FIELD OF LIFESTYLE MEDICINE

DEVELOPING THE KNOWLEDGE BASE: THE SCIENCE OF LIFESTYLE-RELATED DISEASES AND CONDITIONS

Identifying Anthropogens

Nutrition

(In)Activity.

Stress, Anxiety, and Depression

Technology-Induced Pathology

Inadequate Sleep

Environment

Meaninglessness, Alienation, and Loss of Culture or Identity

Occupation

Drugs, Smoking, and Alcohol

Over- and Underexposure

Relationships

Social Inequity

UTILIZING SKILLS: THE ART OF LIFESTYLE MEDICINE

EXPANDING THE RANGE OF TOOLS: THE MATERIALS FOR LIFESTYLE MEDICINE

ADOPTING PROCEDURES: DEVELOPING THE ACTIONS FOR LIFESTYLE MEDICINE MANAGEMENT

Self-Management Training

Shared Medical Appointments

Total Telephone Triaging

"Eduventures"

5 - Everything You Wanted to Know About Motivation (But Weren't Intrinsically Motivated Enough to Ask)

INTRODUCTION: THE REQUIREMENTS FOR CHANGE

WHAT IS MOTIVATIONAL INTERVIEWING?

WHY USE MOTIVATIONAL INTERVIEWING TECHNIQUES?

Motivational Interviewing Approaches Are Effective

Motivational Interviewing Approaches Are Patient Centered

Motivational Interviewing Approaches do Not Necessarily Take More Time

The Impacts of Motivational Interviewing Approaches Are Durable

MOTIVATIONAL GOALS AND STRATEGIES

Focusing

Being Ready, Willing, and Able

Nine Strategies for Evoking Change

Responding to Change Talk

Open-Ended Questions

Affirmation

Reflection

Summary

Being Willing: How Important Is It to Change?

Being Able: How Confident Is the Patient About Changing?

Case Examples

BARRIERS AND TRIGGERS TO CHANGE

MOTIVATION AT THE PUBLIC HEALTH LEVEL

SOME MOTIVATIONAL TACTICS

Set Short- and Long-term Goals

Record Progress

Use the Mate System

Plan Ahead

Encourage the Use of Fantasy and Imagination

Find a Motivational Soft Spot

Encourage Flexibility/Discourage Rigidity

INTRINSIC MOTIVATION: THE END GAME

6 - Self-Management in Lifestyle Medicine.

INTRODUCTION: SELF-CARE VERSUS SELF-MANAGEMENT

COMPONENTS OF SELF-MANAGEMENT

SELF-CARE IS A NECESSARY BUT NOT SUFFICIENT COMPONENT

EVIDENCE OF EFFECTIVENESS

FORMATS SUPPORTING SELF-MANAGEMENT

The Stanford Chronic Disease Self-Management Program

The Flinders Program

Health Coaching

Motivational Interviewing

What Influences Self-Management?

LIFESTYLE MEDICINE AND SELF-MANAGEMENT

PRINCIPLES OF SELF-MANAGEMENT

Being Client Centered

BEING MOTIVATION FOCUSED

BEING HEALTH LITERACY ORIENTED

Enhancing Health Literacy

7 - Overweight and Obesity: The Epidemic's Underbelly

INTRODUCTION: OBESITY AND ILL HEALTH

FAT DISTRIBUTION: NOT ONLY IF YOU'RE FAT BUT WHERE

DEALING WITH OBESITY

IS A CALORIE REALLY A CALORIE?

CHANGING ENERGY BALANCE

TRENDS IN WEIGHT CONTROL MANAGEMENT

Triaging Obesity Management

Putting the Emphasis on Lifestyle Change

Matching the Strategies to the Patient

Recognizing "Unhealthy" versus "Healthy" Body Fat

Combining Treatment Strategies

Making a Distinction Between Short- and Long-Term Loss

From Diets to a Lifestyle Eating Plan of Reduced Energy Eating

Use of Clinically Supervised Meal Replacements

PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS OF PHYSIOLOGICAL ADJUSTMENT

CURRENT STRATEGIES IN WEIGHT LOSS

Strategies With Limited or No Supporting Evidence

(Most) Over-the-counter Products

Alternative Noningestible Treatments

Strategies With Some Supporting Evidence

Commercial Diet-oriented Weight Loss Programs

Self-Help

STRATEGIES WITH GOOD SUPPORTING EVIDENCE

Exercise-Based Programs

Counseling and Behavioral Approaches

Preprepared Low Energy Meals

Meal Replacements (Very Low Energy Diets)

Medication

Surgery

Therapeutic Lifestyle Changes

Combining Strategies

Future Perspectives.

OBESITY: THE "CANARY IN THE MINESHAFT"

II - LIFESTYLE AND ENVIRONMENTAL DETERMINANTS OF CHRONIC DISEASE

8 - Nutrition for the Nondietitian

INTRODUCTION: THE CONFUSION OF NUTRITION

THE SCIENCE OF NUTRITION

THE CONCEPT OF (ENERGY) VOLUME

Energy Density

Portion Size

Eating Frequency

AN ALTERNATIVE APPROACH

RECENT DEVELOPMENTS IN NUTRIENT UNDERSTANDING

Protein

Carbohydrate

Fat

Salt

SPECIFIC DIETARY REQUIREMENTS

ASSESSING FOOD INTAKE

The Dietary, Activity, and Behavior Questionnaire

9 - Fluids, Fitness, and Fatness

INTRODUCTION: FLUIDS AS ENERGY

HOW MUCH FLUID IS REQUIRED?

HOW MUCH ENERGY IN FLUID IS RECOMMENDED?

RECOMMENDED FLUID INTAKES

SUGGESTED CHANGES IN BEVERAGE INTAKES

Beverages That Can be Increased or Maintained

Beverages That Should be Reduced and/or Drunk Sparingly

ALCOHOL

10 - Behavioral Aspects of Nutrition

INTRODUCTION: EATING AS A BEHAVIOR

HUNGER AND APPETITE: ARE THEY THE SAME?

DETERMINANTS OF ENERGY INTAKE

HABITS

Behavioral Habits

Deconditioning

Stimulus Control

Self-Monitoring

Goal Setting

Cognitive Restructuring

Relapse Prevention

Cognitive Habits

RATIONAL EMOTIVE THERAPY

11 - Physical Activity: Generic Prescription for Health

INTRODUCTION: EXERCISE AND EVOLUTION

DEFINING TERMS

ACTIVITY LEVELS, MORTALITY, MORBIDITY, AND WELL-BEING

TYPES OF FITNESS: THE FIVE S'S

Stamina

High Intensity Interval Training

Strength

Resistance Training Aims and Terms

Resistance Regimens

EXERCISES

Suppleness (Flexibility)

Muscle Groups for Stretching

Size

Stability

PROGRESSION OF EXERCISE TRAINING

PURPOSE, MEANING, AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY

THE CLINICIAN'S ROLE

SUMMARY.

REFERENCES

12 - Physical Activity: Specific Prescription for Disease Management and Rehabilitation

INTRODUCTION: SPECIFIC EXERCISE PRESCRIPTION

EXERCISE AND DISEASE MANAGEMENT

GENETICS AND RESPONSE TO EXERCISE

EXERCISE AND DIABETES

Precautions

EXERCISE AND HEART DISEASE

Cardiac Rehabilitation

EXERCISE AND ARTHRITIS

EXERCISE AND HYPERTENSION

EXERCISE AND DYSLIPIDEMIA

EXERCISE, STRESS ANXIETY, AND DEPRESSION

OTHER CONDITIONS

13 - Stress: Its Role in the S-AD Phenomenon

INTRODUCTION: "STRESS" VERSUS "STRAIN"

WHAT IS STRESS?

GENETICS, RESILIENCE, AND HARDINESS

STAGES OF STRESS/STRAIN

THE CONCEPTS OF CONTROL AND ESCAPE

AN APPROACH TO DEALING WITH STRESS: ACE (ANALYZE, CHANGE, EVALUATE)

Analyze

CHANGE (ESCAPE)

Changing the Stressor

Changing the Stressee

Evaluate

14 - Dealing With Worry and Anxiety

INTRODUCTION: ANXIETY AS "FEARED HELPLESSNESS"

HEALTH EFFECTS OF ANXIETY

TYPES OF ANXIETY DISORDERS

THE EXTENT OF THE PROBLEM

THE ROLE OF LIFESTYLE

DIAGNOSIS

WORRY AS A UBIQUITOUS CHARACTERISTIC OF ANXIETY

MANAGEMENT

Pharmacotherapy

Psychological Processes

Self-Help Practices

When to Refer

15 - Depression

INTRODUCTION: DEPRESSION AS A WAY OF LIFE

WHAT IS DEPRESSION?

DEPRESSION AND HEALTH

DEPRESSIVE DISORDERS

RISK FACTORS

Pharmacological Treatments

Psychological Treatments

Other Treatments

Practitioner Instructions

OTHER RESOURCES

16 - Happiness and Mental Health: The Flip Side of S-AD

INTRODUCTION

DEPRESSION AND HAPPINESS

LIFESTYLE MEDICINE AND MENTAL HEALTH PROMOTION

WHAT IS (GOOD) MENTAL HEALTH?

APPROACHES TO MENTAL HEALTH

POSITIVE PSYCHOLOGY?

LIVES LED.

IS POSITIVE PSYCHOLOGY THE WAY FOR EVERYBODY?.

Notes:

Includes bibliographical references at the end of each chapters and index.

Description based on print version record.

ISBN:

0-12-810426-0