Civil engineering materials : from theory to practice / Qiang Yuan [and three others].

Format:

Book

Author/Creator:

Yuan, Qiang, author.

Series:

Woodhead Publishing series in civil and structural engineering.

Woodhead Publishing series in civil and structural engineering

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Building materials--China.

Building materials.

Physical Description:

1 online resource (400 pages)

Edition:

1st ed.

Place of Publication:

Amsterdam, Netherlands ; Oxford, England ; Cambridge, Massachusetts : Elsevier, [2021]

Summary:

Civil Engineering Materials: From Theory to Practice presents the state-of-the-art in civil engineering materials, including the fundamental theory of materials needed for civil engineering projects and unique insights from decades of large-scale construction in China.

Contents:

Front Cover

CIVIL ENGINEERING MATERIALS

CIVIL ENGINEERING MATERIALS: From Theory to Practice

Copyright

Contents

Preface

1 - Fundamentals of materials

1.1 Composition and structure

1.1.1 Composition

1.1.1.1 Chemical composition

1.1.1.2 Phase composition

1.1.2 Structure

1.1.2.1 Atomic structure

1.1.2.2 Microstructure

1.1.2.3 Macrostructure

1.2 Physical properties

1.2.1 Density and specific gravity

1.2.2 Fineness

1.2.3 Thermal conductivity and heat capacity

1.2.4 Linear coefficient of thermal expansion

1.2.5 Wetting and capillarity

1.3 Mechanical properties

1.3.1 Loading and strength

1.3.2 Elasticity and plasticity

1.3.3 Brittleness and toughness

1.3.4 Hardness

1.3.5 Dynamic mechanical properties

1.4 Durability

Exercises

2 - Inorganic cementing materials

2.1 Portland cement

2.1.1 Manufacture

2.1.2 Composition

2.1.3 Hydration

2.1.3.1 The hydration process: reaction

2.1.3.2 Hydration products

2.1.3.2.1 Calcium silicate hydrate

2.1.3.2.2 Calcium hydroxide or portlandite

2.1.3.2.3 AFm and AFt phases

2.1.3.2.4 Ettringite

2.1.3.3 Setting and hardening

2.1.3.3.1 The hydration leads to setting and hardening

2.1.3.3.2 Interlayer space in C-S-H

2.1.3.3.3 Capillary voids

2.1.4 Properties

2.1.4.1 Physical properties

2.1.4.1.1 Fineness

2.1.4.1.2 Soundness

2.1.4.1.3 Consistency

2.1.4.1.4 Setting time

2.1.4.1.5 Strength

2.1.4.1.6 Heat of hydration

2.1.4.1.7 Bulk density

2.1.4.1.8 Specific gravity (relative density)

2.1.4.2 Chemical properties

2.1.4.2.1 Loss of ignition

2.1.4.2.2 Insoluble residue

2.1.4.2.3 Total chloride content

2.1.4.2.4 Alkali

2.1.5 Corrosion and prevention of hardened cement

2.1.5.1 Corrosion of hardened cement

2.1.5.1.1 Soft water corrosion (dissolving corrosion).

2.1.5.1.2 Acid corrosion

2.1.5.1.3 Strong alkali corrosion

2.1.5.1.4 Sulfate attack caused corrosion

2.1.5.2 Prevention of the corrosion of hardened cement

2.1.5.2.1 Using appropriate cement

2.1.5.2.2 Increase the impermeability

2.1.5.2.3 Surface protective covering

2.1.6 Application

2.1.7 Special Portland-based cements

2.1.7.1 White Portland cement

2.1.7.2 Sulfate resistance cement

2.1.7.3 Expansive cement

2.1.8 Blended cement

2.1.8.1 Portland-slag cement

2.1.8.2 Portland-pozzolan cement

2.1.8.3 Portland-limestone cement

2.1.8.4 Ternary blended cement

2.1.8.5 Advantages of blended cement

2.2 Calcium sulfoaluminate cement

2.2.1 Manufacture and composition

2.2.2 Hydration

2.2.3 Properties

2.2.3.1 Rapid strength gain

2.2.3.2 Lower carbon

2.2.3.3 Lower alkalinity

2.2.3.4 Lower shrinkage

2.2.3.5 Shorter curing time

2.2.4 Application

2.3 Calcium aluminate cements

2.3.1 Manufacture and composition

2.3.2 Hydration

2.3.2.1 The initial stage

2.3.2.2 The second stage

2.3.2.3 The final stage

2.3.3 Properties

2.3.3.1 Strength

2.3.3.2 Workability and setting time

2.3.3.3 Durability

2.3.3.4 Refractory properties

2.3.4 Application

2.3.4.1 Heat-resistant and refractory concretes

2.3.4.2 Rapid repair and construction

2.3.4.3 Building chemistry products

2.3.4.4 Sewer applications

2.3.4.5 Chemical-resistant concretes

2.4 Alkali-activated cement

2.4.1 Manufacture

2.4.2 Alkali activation process and products

2.4.3 Properties

2.4.4 Application

2.5 Magnesium-based cements

2.5.1 Manufacture and composition

2.5.2 Hydration

2.5.3 Properties

2.5.3.1 Fast setting and rapid strength gain

2.5.3.2 High strength

2.5.3.3 High bonding strength

2.5.3.4 Low electrical and thermal conductivity.

2.5.3.5 Flame retardant

2.5.3.6 Good abrasion resistance

2.5.4 Application

2.5.4.1 MOC

2.5.4.2 MOS

2.5.4.3 MPC

3 - Portland cement concrete

3.1 Introduction

3.1.1 Versatility

3.1.2 Durability

3.1.3 Sustainability

3.1.4 Economy

3.2 Types of concrete

3.2.1 Based on bulk density

3.2.2 Based on application

3.2.3 Based on the construction method

3.3 Raw materials

3.3.1 Mixing water

3.3.2 Cement

3.3.3 Aggregate

3.3.3.1 Significance of aggregate

3.3.3.2 Classification of aggregates

3.3.3.2.1 Based on density

3.3.3.2.2 Based on sizes

3.3.3.2.3 Based on origins

3.3.3.2.4 Based on mother rock

3.3.3.3 Characteristics of aggregate

3.3.3.4 Particle shape and surface texture

3.3.3.5 Gradation and size

3.3.3.6 The maximum size of aggregate

3.3.3.7 Absorption

3.3.3.8 Density

3.3.3.9 Soundness

3.3.3.10 Mechanical properties

3.3.3.11 Deleterious substances

3.3.4 Green aggregate

3.3.5 Supplementary cementing materials

3.3.5.1 Fly ash

3.3.5.1.1 Physical effects

3.3.5.1.2 Chemical effect

3.3.5.1.3 Surface chemistry effect

3.3.5.2 Blast-furnace slag

3.3.5.3 Silica fume

3.3.5.4 Metakaolin

3.3.5.5 Natural pozzolans

3.3.6 Chemical admixtures

3.3.6.1 Superplasticizers

3.3.6.2 Set controlling agents

3.3.6.3 Air-entraining agents

3.3.6.4 Viscosity-modifying agents

3.4 Concrete at fresh state

3.4.1 Batching, mixing, and transporting

3.4.2 Placing, finishing, and curing

3.4.3 Workability

3.4.4 Properties at early age

3.4.4.1 Bleeding and segregation

3.4.4.2 Plastic shrinkage and cracking

3.5 Mechanical properties

3.5.1 Compressive strength

3.5.2 Tensile strength

3.5.3 Elastic modulus

3.5.4 Factors affecting mechanical properties

3.6 Deformation

3.6.1 Drying shrinkage.

3.6.1.1 Capillary effect

3.6.1.2 Disjoining pressure

3.6.1.3 Movement of interlayer water

3.6.2 Creep

3.6.2.1 Moisture movement

3.6.2.2 Structural adjustment or microcracking

3.6.2.3 Delayed elastic strain

3.6.3 Chemical shrinkage

3.6.4 Autogenous shrinkage

3.6.5 Thermal expansion

3.7 Durability

3.7.1 Permeability

3.7.2 Sulfate attack

3.7.3 Acid attack

3.7.4 Freezing-thawing cycle

3.7.4.1 Providing extra space for ice expansion using air bubbles

3.7.4.2 Reducing porosity and refining pores using pozzolans and fillers

3.7.4.3 Containing cracks using fibers, tubes, and sheets

3.7.4.4 Reducing water absorption through hydrophobic concrete

3.7.5 Fire resistance

3.7.6 Alkali-aggregate reaction

3.7.7 Corrosion of steel bar

3.8 Mix design

3.9 Self-compacting concrete and its application in high-speed rail

3.9.1 Introduction

3.9.2 The property requirements of SSFSCC

3.9.2.1 Properties in a hardened state

3.9.2.2 Properties in a fresh state

3.9.2.2.1 Filling ability

3.9.2.2.2 Passing ability

3.9.2.2.3 Stability

3.9.3 Mix proportioning of SSFSCC

3.9.3.1 The key parameters of mix proportion

3.9.3.2 The procedures of mix proportioning of SSFSCC

3.9.3.2.1 Typical mix for SSFSCC

3.9.4 Construction technology of SSFSCC

3.10 Steam-cured concrete

3.10.1 Introduction

3.10.2 Raw materials

3.10.3 Curing regime

3.10.4 Mechanical properties

3.10.4.1 Compressive strength

3.10.4.2 Dynamic mechanical properties

3.10.5 Durability

4 - Metal

4.1 Introduction

4.2 Structural steel

4.2.1 Chemical composition

4.2.1.1 Carbon

4.2.1.2 Manganese

4.2.1.3 Aluminum

4.2.1.4 Silicon

4.2.1.5 Phosphorus and sulfur

4.2.1.6 Chromium, molybdenum, and nickel

4.2.2 Strengthening mechanisms.

4.2.2.1 Controlling the grain size

4.2.2.2 Strain hardening (cold working)

4.2.2.3 Heat treatment

4.2.2.3.1 Normalizing

4.2.2.3.2 Annealing

4.2.2.3.3 Quenching

4.2.2.3.4 Tempering

4.2.2.4 Alloying

4.2.3 Mechanical properties

4.2.3.1 Stress-strain behavior: tensile test

4.2.3.2 Elasticity

4.2.3.3 Plasticity

4.2.3.4 Impact toughness

4.2.3.5 Rigidity

4.2.4 Classifications of steel

4.2.4.1 According to composition

4.2.4.2 According to the application

4.2.4.3 According to deoxidation practice

4.2.4.4 According to shape

4.2.4.5 According to press-working modes

4.3 Standards and selection of building steel

4.3.1 The steel used for steel structures

4.3.1.1 Carbon structural steel

4.3.1.1.1 Designation system

4.3.1.1.2 Technical requirements

4.3.1.1.3 Selection of carbon structural steel

4.3.1.2 High strength low alloy structural steels

4.3.2 Steel for the reinforcement of concrete

4.3.2.1 Hot-rolled reinforced bars

4.3.2.2 Cold-rolled ribbed reinforced bars

4.3.3 Prestressed steel wire for concrete or steel strain

4.3.4 Steel for bridge

4.3.4.1 Codes for representing steel types

4.3.4.2 Technical requirements

4.3.4.3 Characteristics and applications

4.3.5 Rail steel

4.3.5.1 Properties

4.3.5.2 Rail grinding

4.4 Corrosion and prevention of steel

4.4.1 Reasons for corrosion of steel

4.4.1.1 Chemical corrosion

4.4.1.2 Electrochemical corrosion

4.4.2 Corrosion prevention of steel

4.4.2.1 Protective film

4.4.2.2 Electrochemical protection

4.4.2.3 Alloying

4.5 Nonferrous metals

4.5.1 Copper

4.5.2 Aluminum

4.5.3 Magnesium

5 - Wood

5.1 Introduction

5.2 Structure and composition

5.3 Engineering properties

5.3.1 Relative density

5.3.2 Moisture in wood

5.3.3 Dimensional stability.

5.3.4 Mechanical properties.

Notes:

Description based on print version record.

Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.

ISBN:

9780128230770

0128230770

9780128228654

0128228652

OCLC:

1252417462