Paleobiology of the polycystine radiolaria / David Lazarus, Noritoshi Suzuki, Yoshiyuki Ishitani, Kozo Takahashi.

Format:

Book

Author/Creator:

Lazarus, David B., 1954- author.

Suzuki, Noritoshi, author.

Ishitani, Yoshiyuki, 1982- author.

Takahashi, Kōzō, author.

Series:

Topics in paleobiology

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Radiolaria, Fossil.

Radiolaria.

Physical Description:

xv, 481 pages, 24 unnumbered pages of plates : illustrations (some color), maps (some color) ; 25 cm.

Place of Publication:

Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell, 2021.

Summary:

Polycystine radiolaria are exclusively marine protists and are found in all ocean waters, from polar regions to the tropics, and at all water depths. There are approximately 600 distinct described living species and several thousand fossil species of polycystines. Radiolarians in general, and polycystines in particular, have recently been shown to be a major component of the living plankton and important to the oceanic carbon cycle. As fossils radiolarians are also fairly common, and often occur in sediments where other types of fossils are absent. This has made them very valuable for certain types of geologic research, particularly estimating the geologic age of the sediments containing them, and as guides to past oceanic water conditions. As our current understanding of the biology, and even taxonomy of the living fauna is still very incomplete, evolutionary studies based on living polycystines are still rare. However, the common occurrence of numerous specimens for many species and in a wide variety of oceanic environments, provides an excellent opportunity to study the processes of biologic evolution in the fossil record. --

Paleobiology of the Polycystine Radiolaria is the first major book on radiolarians to appear in the western literature since 2001. Focusing on living and fossil siliceous shelled radiolarians, it is notable for its emphasis not upon morphologic or taxonomic detail but on concepts and applications. The book attempts to provide a balanced, critical review of what is known of the biology, ecology, and fossil record of the group, as well as their use in evolutionary, biostratigraphic and paleoceanographic research. Full chapters on the history of study, and molecular biology, are the first ever in book form. --

David Lazarus has studied the paleobiology and earth science applications of cenozoic radiolaria for more than 40 years, formerly holding research positions at Columbia University/Lamont Earth Observatory, the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, and the Eidgenossische Technische Hochscule Zurich. He is currently Curator for Micropaleontology at the Museum fur Naturkunde in Berlin. --

Noritoshi Suzuki has studied the taxonomy and species diversity of radiolarians throughout the Phanerozoic. He started his career in field geology, switched to Devonian radiolarians for his Masters degree, and received his PhD degree for a study of Cenozoic radiolarians from Tohoku University, Japan. He has co-published a monograph on the radiolarians of the Ehrenberg Collection (Berlin) and has published integrative studies of radiolarian morphology and phylogenetics. He is currently Associate Professor at Tohoku University. --

Yoshiyuki Ishitani is a paleobiologist, focusing on the evolution of radiolarians. He is currently a researcher at the University of Tsukuba, and was formerly at Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology, Glasgow University, and the University of Tokyo. --

Kozo Takahashi has studied the distribution and ecology of radiolarians and other siliceous plankton collected from ocean waters for several decades. Following an early career of staff scientist positions at the Woods Hole and Scripps oceanographic institutions he held multiple professorships in Japan, including universities in Sapporo and Kyushu University in Fukuoka. --Book Jacket.

Contents:

Machine generated contents note: Introduction

Scientific Context

Early Studies (First Half of the Nineteenth Century)

C.G. Ehrenberg and J. Muller

Second Half of the Nineteenth Century to ca. 1920

E. Haeckel and his Disciples

Legacy of Early Studies

Early Twentieth Century (ca. 1920-1940)

The Early New Period (ca. 1940-1970)

The Origins of Radiolarian Biostratigraphy: 1940s to 1950s

Deep-Sea Drilling

Taxonomy

Biology

Mid New Period (1970-2000)

Current Period (2000-Present)

General Characteristics of Planktonic Protist Biology

Physical Characteristics of the Pelagic Ocean

Plankton Taxa

Ecologic and Behavioral Constraints due to Small Body Size

Basic Radiolarian Cellular Structure

Skeleton

Skeleton Formation and Growth

Size

Colonial Forms

Life Cycle

Longevity

Motility

Feeding

Predators

Abundance and Role in Carbon Cycle

Symbiosis

Bioluminescence

Summary

Introduction

Biogeography

Vertical Distribution

Tropical Submergence

Longitudinal Gradients and Upwelling Assemblages

Latitudinal Gradients

Coastal Gradients

Seasonal Variability

Interannual Variability

Molecular Phylogenetic Position of "Radiolarians" within Eukaryotes

Molecular Studies of Radiolarian's Position within Eukaryotes

Relationships of Radiolarian Clades

Origination Times of Radiolarian Clades

Family-Level Phylogeny

Spumellaria (Shell-Bearing Radiolarians)

Collodaria (Colonial or Naked Radiolarians)

Nassellaria

Acantharia

Microevolution of Radiolaria

Diversity of Pico-Radiolarian Material

Transcriptomics of Radiolaria

Methodology

DNA Extraction

Reproductive Cell Method

Dissecting Cell Method

PCR

Part 1 Radiolarian Taxonomy

Principles of Species-Level Taxonomy

Rules for Describing and Naming Species

Current Status of Descriptive Radiolarian Taxonomy

Principles of Higher-Level Taxonomy

Haeckel and the Beginnings of Higher-Level Radiolarian Taxonomy

Biologic Systematics

Higher-Level Taxonomy in Radiolaria

The Observational Basis of Taxonomy: Structures of the Radiolarian Shell

Higher-Level Taxonomy in this Book

Formal Classification of Polycystina

Cenozoic Taxa

Order Spumellaria Ehrenberg 1876

Family Actinommidae Haeckel 1862

Family Heliodiscidae Haeckel 1881

Family Coccodiscidae Haeckel 1862, emend. Sanfilippo and Riedel 1980

Family Pylonlidae Haeckel 1881

Family Lithelidae Haeckel 1862

Family Tholonidae Haeckel 1887

Family Spongodiscidae Haeckel 1862

Order Nassellaria Ehrenberg 1876

Family Plagiacanthidae Hertwig 1879

Family Trissocyclidae (Haeckel) Goll 1968 [superfamily Acanthodesmiacea]

Family Theoperidae Haeckel 1881

Family Artostrobiidae Riedel 1967

Family Pterocoryithidae (Haeckel) Moore 1972

Family Carpocaniidae (Haeckel) Riedel, 1967 [Carpocaniinae]

Family Cannobotryidae Haeckel, 1881

Superfamily Collodaria

Family CollosphaeridaeIler, 1858

Family Sphaerozoidae Haeckel, 1862

Family Collophidiidae Biard and Suzuki, in Biard et al., 2015

Order Entactinaria

Family Orosphaeridae Haeckel, 1887

Family Saturnalidae Deflandre 1953

Mesozoic and Paleozoic Taxa

Species-Level Variation in Radiolaria

Part 2 Summary of the Radiolarian Fossil Record

Cambrian and Ordovician

Silurian to the Lower Carboniferous

Late Paleozoic to Late Mesozoic Siliceous Sedimentation

Mass Extinctions at the End of the Paleozoic Era

Basal Mesozoic Scarcity of Radiolarian Fossils and Faunal Turnover (Early Triassic)

Triassic

Triassic-Jurassic Boundary Mass Extinction

Jurassic

Early and Middle Jurassic Radiolaria

Late Jurassic-Early Cretaceous

Cretaceous

The K/T Extinction Event and Early Paleocene

Cenozoic

Preservation

Geographic Variation in Preservation

Diagenesis

Loss of Rock Record

Differences between Modern and Ancient Oceans

Quality of Radiolarian Fossil Record

Methods

Collecting Material from the Water Column

Collecting Sediments

Collecting Lithified Material from Sections on Land

Recovering Radiolarians from Samples

Extracting Radiolarians with Intact Protoplasm

Extracting Radiolarian Skeletons

Separation of Radiolarians from other Chemically Resistant Similar-Sized Components of Residue

Mounting Radiolarians

Live Preparations

Dissection and Serial Sectioning

Imaging Radiolarians

Visualization (enhanced imagery)

Morphometrics

Automatic Identification

Radiolarians as Tracers of Water Masses

Assemblage-Based Methods of Paleoceanographic Analysis

Non-temperature Uses of Assemblage Analyses

Radiolarians in Bulk: Summary Indices and Non-Taxonomic Uses of Radiolarians in Paleoceanography

Biostratigraphy in Shallow Marine Rocks: General Aspects

Biostratigraphy in Deep-Sea Sediment Sections

Other Types of Geochronologic Information

Radiometric Dating and Absolute Age

Paleomagnetic Stratigraphy

Stable Isotope Stratigraphy

Cyclostratigraphy

Quantitative Biostratigraphy

Cenozoic Radiolarian Stratigraphy

History of Development

Tropical Cenozoic Radiolarian Stratigraphy

Subtropical North Atlantic to Arctic

North Pacific

Southern Ocean

History

Characteristics

Important Sections

Important Species

Mesozoic Radiolarian Stratigraphy

Europe and Southwest North America

Low-Latitude Western part of Mesotethys

Mid-Ltitude Northern Part of Mesotethys

Russian Epicontinental Seas

East Margin of the Mid-Latitude Pacific

Northwest Pacific

Other Regions

The Jurassic-Cretaceous Boundary (Tithonian-Berriasian Boundary)

Middle and Late Jurassic

Lower Jurassic

Triassic-Jurassic Boundary

Latest Triassic (Rhaetian)

Carnian and Norian

Late Olenekian to Ladinian

Basal Triassic (Induan) and Permian-Triassic (P-T) boundary

Paleozoic Radiolarian Stratigraphy

Permian

Carboniferous

Devonian and Silurian

Ordovician and Cambrian

Introduction and General Principles

Features of the Deep-Sea Microfossil Record Relevant to the Study of Evolution

Microevolution

Pattern and Processes

Examples of Microevolution

Cladogenesis

Anagenesis

Extinction

Hybridization

Macroevolution

Definitions and Theory

Theories of Diversity and Evolution

Macroevolutionary Patterns in Radiolaria

Origin of Radiolarians

Origin of Collodaria and Colonial Radiolaria

Origin of Higher Taxa within Radiolaria - General Comments

Diversity History of Radiolarians

Methods of Diversity Reconstruction

Other Problems of Diversity Reconstruction

Data for Diversity Reconstruction

Global Phanerozoic Diversity

Paleozoic

Mesozoic

Cretaceous-Tertiary Boundary

Other Aspects of Cenozoic Radiolarian Macroevolutionary Change

Phanerozoic Diversity - A More Modest View

Summary Discussion.

Notes:

Includes bibliographical references and index.

Other Format:

Online version: Lazarus, David, 1954- Paleobiology of the polycystine radiolaria

ISBN:

9780470671443

0470671440

OCLC:

1157464074