The Cambridge handbook of intelligence and cognitive neuroscience / edited by Aron K. Barbey, Sherif Karama, Richard J. Haier.

Format:

Book

Contributor:

Barbey, Aron K., editor.

Karama, Sherif, editor.

Haier, Richard J., editor.

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Intellect.

Cognitive neuroscience.

Physical Description:

1 online resource (xx, 482 pages) : digital, PDF file(s).

Edition:

1st ed.

Place of Publication:

Cambridge : Cambridge University Press, 2021.

Summary:

This handbook introduces the reader to the thought-provoking research on the neural foundations of human intelligence. Written for undergraduate or graduate students, practitioners, and researchers in psychology, cognitive neuroscience, and related fields, the chapters summarize research emerging from the rapidly developing neuroscience literature on human intelligence. The volume focusses on theoretical innovation and recent advances in the measurement, modelling, and characterization of the neurobiology of intelligence differences, especially from brain imaging studies. It summarizes fundamental issues in the characterization and measurement of general intelligence, and surveys multidisciplinary research consortia and large-scale data repositories for the study of general intelligence. A systematic review of neuroimaging methods for studying intelligence is provided, including structural and diffusion-weighted MRI techniques, functional MRI methods, and spectroscopic imaging of metabolic markers of intelligence.

Contents:

Cover

Half-title

Title page

Copyright information

Dedication

Contents

List of Figures

List of Tables

List of Contributors

Preface

Part I Fundamental Issues

1 Defining and Measuring Intelligence: The Psychometrics and Neuroscience of g

Aims and Organization

Defining Intelligence

Measuring g

g-Loaded Tests

IQ Tests

Aptitude Tests

Tests of Fluid and Crystallized Intelligence

Elementary Cognitive Tasks (ECTs)

Executive Functions (EFs)

Models of Intelligence and g

Invariance of g

Predictive Power of g and g-Loaded Tests

Intelligence and School

Intelligence and Work

Intelligence and the Brain

Efficiency and Intelligence

Brain Size and Intelligence

Parieto-Frontal Integration Theory (PFIT)

Network Neuroscience Theory of Intelligence

Outstanding Issues and Future Directions

Non-g Factors

Development and Intelligence

Genetics, Intelligence, and the Brain

Acknowledgement

References

2 Network Neuroscience Methods for Studying Intelligence

Introduction

The Human Brain as a Complex Network

Structural and Functional Connectivity

Networks and Graphs

Intelligence and Insights from Network Neuroscience Approaches

Structural Networks

Functional Networks

Open Questions and Future Directions

Acknowledgment

3 Imaging the Intelligence of Humans

Imaging the Intelligence of Humans

What Intelligence?

What Neuroimaging Approach and Brain Property?

What Humans?

Concluding Remarks

4 Research Consortia and Large-Scale Data Repositories for Studying Intelligence

Neuroimaging of Intelligence

Large-Scale Data Repositories and Study of Intelligence

Opportunities and Challenges

Conclusions

Part II Theories, Models, and Hypotheses.

5 Evaluating the Weight of the Evidence: Cognitive Neuroscience Theories of Intelligence

Established Cognitive Neuroscience Theories of Intelligence

Intelligence and Neural Speed

The Neural Efficiency Hypothesis

Fronto-Parietal Models

Recent Theoretical Developments

Process Overlap Theory

Network Neuroscience Theory

Hierarchical Predictive Processing

The Watershed Model of Fluid Intelligence

Summary of Progress, Current Challenges, and Potential Ways Forward

The Emerging Synthesis

Current Challenges and Potential Solutions

Broader Applications

6 Human Intelligence and Network Neuroscience

Network Efficiency

Small-World Topology and General Intelligence

Network Flexibility and Dynamics

Network Dynamics of Crystallized Intelligence

Network Dynamics of Fluid Intelligence

Network Dynamics of General Intelligence

Functional Brain Network Reconfiguration

Conclusion

Acknowledgments

7 It's about Time: Towards a Longitudinal Cognitive Neuroscience of Intelligence

Towards a Dynamic Cognitive Neuroscience of Intelligence

Grey Matter

White Matter

The Role of Genetics

Other Imaging Measures

Aging

Summary

Timing Matters

Methods Matter

8 A Lifespan Perspective on the Cognitive Neuroscience of Intelligence

Intelligence and the Cognitive Neuroscience of Aging

Patterns of Brain Aging

Aging and Theories of Human Intelligence

Maintaining Intellectual Function with Declining Brain Integrity

Methodological Challenges Associated with Understanding Intelligence Across the Lifespan

Practical Implications: Can We Modify Intelligence and Combat Age-Related Decline?

Conclusions and Future Directions

References.

9 Predictive Intelligence for Learning and Optimization: Multidisciplinary Perspectives from Social, Cognitive, and Affective Neuroscience

Brain Requirements for Intelligent Survival

Learning Models in the Human Brain

Optimization Principles of Learning Models

Architecture and Communication Principles in the Human Brain

Oscillator Models

Optimal and Suboptimal States of the Intelligent Brain

Emerging Evidence from Social Neuroscience

Emerging Evidence from Cognitive Neuroscience

Emerging Evidence from Affective Neuroscience

Part III Neuroimaging Methods and Findings

10 Diffusion-Weighted Imaging of Intelligence

11 Structural Brain Imaging of Intelligence

Overview

Total Brain Volume

Voxel-based Morphometry Methods

Voxel-based Morphometry Findings

Modulated (aka Optimized) VBM Cortical Findings

Unmodulated VBM Cortical Findings

Modulated VBM White Matter Findings

Surface-based Morphometry Methods

Surface-based Morphometry Findings

Cortical Thickness Findings

Cortical Surface Area and Volume Findings

Indices of Cortical Complexity

Other Noteworthy Findings Using Various Methods

Corpus Callosum

Cerebellum

Subcortical Nuclei

Structural Covariance-Based Network Neuroscience

Multi-metric Approaches

12 Functional Brain Imaging of Intelligence

Brain Regions Involved in Processing Intelligence-related Tasks: Can We Track Down Intelligence in the Brain?

Individual Differences in Brain Activation Associated with Intelligence: Do More Intelligent People Have More Efficient Brains?

It Depends: Factors Moderating the Association between Intelligence and Brain Activation

Limitations of Available Studies: Why There May Still Be More to Learn about Brain Function and Intelligence.

Trends and Perspectives for the Functional Imaging of Intelligence: What Researchers Are Working On Now and Should Tackle in the Future.

13 An Integrated, Dynamic Functional Connectome Underlies Intelligence

Correspondence between Neural Models of Intelligence and Neural Models of Cognitive Control

The Brain as a Network

Intelligence and the Functional Connectome

Cognitive Control and the Functional Connectome

Translational Applications

Promising Next Steps: Uncovering Mechanisms Underlying the Emergence of Cognitive Control and Intelligence from the Functional Connectome

14 Biochemical Correlates of Intelligence

Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (MRS)

Key Neurochemical Variables Assessed by MRS

Early MRS Studies of Cognition

Our MRS Studies of Intelligence

Limitations of MRS/Intelligence Studies so Far

Recommendations for Future MRS/Intelligence Studies

15 Good Sense and Good Chemistry: Neurochemical Correlates of Cognitive Performance Assessed In Vivo through Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy

Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy: A Brief Introduction

The Fundamentals: Physical and Chemical Foundations of MRS

Brain Energy Metabolism

Markers of Neuropil Expansion and Contraction Derived from 31P MRS

Specificity of Markers Derived from H MRS: NAA and Myo-Inositol

Neurotransmission and Information Processing in the Brain

Neurotransmitters: Glutamate, GABA, and Their Interaction

Investigating Relationships between the Brain Neurochemistry and Cognition

Cognitive Performance and Energy Metabolisms Indicators Estimated from 31P MRS

1H MRS and Studies of Cognition

N-acetyl Aspartate (NAA)

Specific Neurotransmitters: GABA

Specific Neurotransmitters: Glutamate

Combined GABA and Glu Studies

Functional MRS (fMRS).

Sensory-Motor Tasks

Cognitive Tasks

Visuospatial Cognition

31P fMRS

Summary, Conclusions, and Future Directions

Part IV Predictive Modeling Approaches

16 Predicting Individual Differences in Cognitive Ability from Brain Imaging and Genetics

What Are Cognitive Abilities?

Explanation Versus Prediction

Neuroimaging Prediction of Cognitive Ability

Genetic Prediction of Cognitive Ability

Joint Heritability of Brain and Cognitive Ability

Integrative Imaging-Genetic Approaches

Ethics and Limitations

17 Predicting Cognitive-Ability Differences from Genetic and Brain-Imaging Data

Predictions from Genetic Data

The Polygenic Score

Methods of Construction

Naïve Methods

LDpred

Penalized Regression

Empirical Applications

Genetic Nurture

Social Mobility

Assortative Mating

Evolution

Predictions from Brain-Imaging Data

Imaging Techniques

Positron Emission Tomography

Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Empirical Findings

Brain Size and Structure

The P-FIT Model

The Connectome

Looking Forward

Part V Translating Research on the Neuroscience of Intelligence into Action

18 Enhancing Cognition

Network Training

Development

Individual Differences

Training Brain States

Physical Exercise

Meditation

Video Games

Other State Methods

Brain Stimulation

Direct Current Stimulation

Theta Stimulation

Multimodal Interventions

Future Directions

19 Patient-Based Approaches to Understanding Intelligence and Problem-Solving

Assessment of General Intelligence in Clinical Populations

Estimating Premorbid Intelligence

Lessons from Brain Lesion Studies

General Intelligence.

Problem-Solving, Planning, and Reasoning.

Notes:

Title from publisher's bibliographic system (viewed on 11 Jun 2021).

Other Format:

Print version: Cambridge handbook of intelligence and cognitive neuroscience.

ISBN:

1-108-57537-4

1-108-57374-6

1-108-63546-6

OCLC:

1182020341