Women and the practice of medicine : a new history (1950-2020) / Lucille A. Lester.

Format:

Book

Author/Creator:

Lester, Lucille A., author.

Contributor:

Edward Potts Cheyney Memorial Fund.

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Women physicians--History.

Women physicians.

Medicine--Practice--History.

Medicine.

Medicine--Practice.

History.

Genre:

History.

Physical Description:

xxviii, 243 pages : illustrations ; 24 cm

Place of Publication:

Cham, Switzerland : Springer, [2021]

Summary:

This text offers a new interpretation of the dramatic changes that occurred in women in medicine over the course of the last seventy years, starting from the 1950s when women physicians were a curiosity to the present day when their presence is accepted and their achievements are broadly acknowledged. In seven chapters arranged by decades, this book examines the seminal events that shaped what has been described as the changing face of medicine. Using the lived experiences of women physicians featured as vignettes throughout the narrative, the book traces the effects of the quota system for admissions, second wave feminism and Title IX legislation, the restrictions of the glass ceiling, and a cascade of equity issues in career advancement and salary to offer a new account of the roles women played in shaping the standards and the contributing to progress in the field of medicine. Women faced gender specific challenges to enter, train and practice medicine that did not abate as they strove to balance work and family. As the book shows, such challenges and the attendant institutional responses offered by medical schools and government rulings shaped how women do medicine differently. Women and the Practice of Medicine offers a unique interpretation of this history and accounts for the changes in social norms as well as in women's perspectives that have made them an invaluable new normal in the contemporary world of medicine. This book fills a gap in the more recent history of women in medicine, much of which is written by academic historians or sociologists; this book contributes a clinician's on the ground point of view. It includes a researched, structured historical narrative spanning the last 70 years, but it seeks to frame this narrative with the personal stories and accomplishments of women physicians who lived through the time in question. The book also provides an overview of how much has changed in the practice of medicine as well as a reminder of what has not changed and what needs to further evolve for women to be equitable partners in medicine as well as other professional disciplines. The book concludes with two appendices containing a questionnaire used in interviews of 40 women conducted at the start of the book project, and a summary of the qualitative findings from the semi-structured interviews.

Contents:

Machine generated contents note: 1. The 1950s: The Quota System

Historical Background: The Origin of Quotas

Training Abroad: Women in Medical Schools with Men

Women's Medical Colleges in the United States: A Brief History

Evidence for and Against a True Quota System

Issues of "Legacy" and Pre-medical Academic Performance in the Admission of Women to Medical School in the 1950s

By the Numbers: Women Physicians in the 1950s

Work-Life Balance and the Contributions of Women in Medicine in the 1950s

Career Choices and Opportunities for Women Physicians in the 1950s

2. The 1960s: The Role of Feminism and the Women's Movement

Background

Women and Physician Manpower Issues of the 1960s

By the Numbers: Women Physicians in the 1960s

Beyond Medical School: Choices for Women in the 1960s

Second-Wave Feminism: The Women's Movement

The Women's Movement and the Specialty of Women's Health

3. The 1970s: The Effect of Title IX and Related Legislation

Tide IX: Background and Relevance to Women in Medicine

Challenges to Prestige and Autonomy of the Medical Profession in the 1970s

By the Numbers: Women as Students, Residents, and Practicing Physicians in the 1970s

Women Who Pursued Other Careers Before Medicine

Women Physicians at Work in the 1970s

Admission to the Profession Does Not Guarantee Acceptance

Mentoring: Paucity of Women as Role Models and Mentors

Roe v Wade Decision of 1973: Role of Women Physicians

Summary

4. The 1980s: "Having It All"/"Doing It All"

"Having It All": Background

By the Numbers: Women Physicians in the 1980s

Work-Life Balance

Stress, Role Strain, Burnout, Opting Out

Perspectives on "Having It All" from Outside of Medicine

The "Imposter Syndrome:" Feeling Like a Fraud

5. The 1990s: The Glass Ceiling

Definition and Background

By the Numbers: Women Physicians in the 1990s

The Special Case of Women in Academic Medicine in the 1990s

Limits to the Advancement of Women in Academic Medicine

Institutional Factors Affecting the Advancement of Women

Individual or Personal Factors Related to Academic Advancement

The Phenomenon of "Being Happy Doing What You Are Doing"

Bias, Sexism, Discrimination, and Harassment

Sexism, Harassment, and Discrimination: The 1990s and Beyond

Women's Leadership in Academic Medicine and the Advancement of Women's Health

The Glass Ceiling: Why It Matters

6. 2000

2010 "Doing What It Takes": Career Advancement for Women Physicians

Background: Continuing Barriers for Women in Medicine

By the Numbers: Women Physicians (2000

2010)

Choosing Between Academic Medicine and Private Practice

Women, Confidence, and Leadership

In a Different Voice

Confidence

Self-Promotion/Self-Advocacy

Organized Programs for Women's Career Advancement

Enhancing Individual Women's Skills

Institution-Based Programs: "Changing the System"

The Gender Pay Gap

7. 2010

2020: Lifestyle Issues

Acceptance of Women Physicians: A New Normal?

By the Numbers: Women Physicians (2010 to 2020)

Evolution in the Way Medicine Is Practiced: 2010 and Beyond

-Emphasis on Women Physicians' Perspectives

Education: The 80-Hour Workweek Requirement for Residents

The Rise of the Hospitalist System and Shift-Work

The Electronic Medical Record: Pros and Cons and Gender Differences in Use

Social Media

RVUs and Patient Satisfaction Surveys: As Measures of Doctors' Performance

Has the Current Experience of Practicing Medicine Changed for Women?

Has Life Outside of Medicine Changed for Women?

Work and Home and Family

Family Medical Leave Act (FMLA) and Paid Parental Leave

Outcomes and Patient Satisfaction When Your Doctor Is a Woman

Where to Next?

Epilogue: Do Women Do Medicine Differently?

General Differences (Background)

Patient Care-Related Differences

Differences for Women in Academic Medicine

Work-Life Balance: Women's Choices

-Then and Now

How Important Is Difference? What Does It Mean? Does It Need Altering?.

Notes:

Includes bibliographical references and index.

Local Notes:

Acquired for the Penn Libraries with assistance from the Edward Potts Cheyney Memorial Fund.

ISBN:

3030741389

9783030741389

OCLC:

1243059592

Publisher Number:

99988667324