The ecology and silviculture of oaks / Paul S. Johnson [and four others].

Format:

Book

Author/Creator:

Johnson, Paul S., author.

Shifley, Stephen R., author.

Rogers, Robert, 1941- author.

Dey, Daniel C., author.

Kabrick, John M., author.

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Oak--United States.

Oak.

Physical Description:

1 online resource (xiv, 612 pages, 16 unnumbered pages of plates) : illustrations, maps

Edition:

Third edition.

Place of Publication:

Wallingford, Oxfordshire, England ; Boston, Massachusetts : CABI, [2019]

Summary:

This fully updated third edition of The Ecology and Silviculture of Oaks is a source of information and ideas on how to think about oak forests as responsive ecosystems This book is intended for forest and wildlife managers, ecologists, silviculturists, environmentalists, and students of those fields.

Contents:

Intro

Half Title

Title

Copyright

Contents

Preface to the Third Edition

Acknowledgements

Introduction

Conflicting Environmental Philosophies

Silviculture: a Consilient Discipline

References

1 Oak-dominated Ecosystems

The Taxonomy of Oaks

The Geographic Distribution of US Oaks

Species ranges and groupings

Distribution of oaks by hierarchically classified ecoregions

Eastern Oak Forests

The Northern Hardwood Region

The Central Hardwood Region

The Southern Pine-Hardwood Region

The Forest-Prairie Transition Region

Western Oak Forests

The Southwestern Desert-Steppe Region

The Pacific Mediterranean-Marine Region

The Influence of Climate Change

Notes

2 Regeneration Ecology I: Flowering, Fruiting and Reproduction Characteristics

Flowering

Male flowers

Female flowers

Factors Affecting Acorn Production

Weather

Premature abscission

Variation in acorn production

Acorn Predation and Dispersal

Insects: destroyers of acorns

The significance of acorn dispersal by animals

Oak Seedling Establishment

Germination and initial establishment

Early growth

Seedling Sprouts

Shoot dieback and root:shoot ratio

Occurrence of shoot dieback

Stump Sprouts and Related Growth Forms

Definitions and origins

Sprouting probability

Sprout growth and mortality

Dominance probability

3 Regeneration Ecology II: Population Dynamics

Regeneration Strategy

Reproductive mechanisms: seeding and sprouting

Accumulation of oak reproduction

Fluctuation in population density

Regeneration Potential

Regeneration mode

Modelling theory and objectives

Stand-level regeneration models: purpose, problems and limitations

References.

4 Site Quality and Productivity

Measures of Site Quality and Productivity

The National Cooperative Soil Survey and Site Productivity

Relation of Site Productivity to Ecological Classification

Productivity and Related Self-sustaining Properties of Oak Forests

Effects of harvesting on site productivity

Modifying site productivity through fertilization

Methods of Evaluating Site Quality

Site index

Site evaluation alternatives to site index

5 Development of Natural Stands

Forest Canopy Layers

Disturbance

Disturbance type

Disturbance size and frequency of occurrence

Response to disturbance

Development of Even-aged Stands

The stand initiation stage

The stem exclusion stage

The understorey reinitiation stage

The complex stage

Development of Uneven-aged Stands

Disturbance-Recovery Cycles

6 Self-thinning and Stand Density

Self-thinning

Reineke's model

The −3/2 rule

Stand Density and Stocking

Terminology

Maximum and minimum growing space

Stand density diagrams

Note

7 Fire and Oak Forests

Attributes of Oak Fire Regimes

Fire intensity

Fire frequency

Fire season

Fire extent

Fire type

Fire severity

The History of Fire and Oaks

Paleo-history

Historical to modern era

Changes over time in fire attributes

Fire and the Oak Regeneration Problem

Fire in the Life Cycle of Oaks

Period of flowering, pollination and acorn production

Period of acorn germination and seedling establishment

Period of seedling development

Period of recruitment into the overstorey

Fire Effects on Ground Flora

Native ground flora

Invasive species

Fire Effects on Tree Quality, Volume and Value

Overstorey mortality.

Timber quality and value

8 Even-aged Silvicultural Methods

Natural Regeneration Methods

The clearcutting method

The shelterwood method

The seed tree method

Artificial Regeneration Methods

Intermediate Cuttings

Definitions and theory

Application

Economic, Environmental and Social Considerations

The shelterwood and seed tree methods

9 Uneven-aged Silvicultural Methods

The Single-tree Selection Method

Principles of application

Applicability to oak forests

The Group Selection Method

10 Artificial Regeneration

Site Evaluation and Species Selection

Uplands

Bottomlands

Direct seeding

Planting seedlings

11 Managing Forest Health

Gypsy Moth

Oak Decline

Symptoms

Treatment

Oak Wilt

Symptoms and spread

Treatment and prevention

Rapid White Oak Mortality

Spread

Sudden Oak Death

Deer

12 Silvicultural Methods for Oak Savannahs and Woodlands

Characteristics and Extent

Disturbance Processes

Silvicultural Concepts and Methods

Estimating light intensity

Restoration and Maintenance

Restoration

Maintenance

13 Silvicultural Methods for Selected Ecosystem Services

Managing Stands for Acorn Production

Assessing and predicting acorn crops

Guidelines for sustaining acorn production

Managing Oak Forests for Wildlife

Managing stand structure for wildlife

Oaks as wildlife food.

Managing snags and coarse woody debris

Managing tree cavities

Managing Stands for Biomass Production and Carbon Sequestration

Sequestering carbon in trees

Estimating biomass and carbon

Managing for biomass production

Managing for carbon sequestration

Old-growth Oak Forests

Extent and characteristics

Silvicultural options

Old-growth oak forests at the landscape scale

Aesthetics

Stand-level aesthetics

Landscape-level aesthetics

14 Managing Oak Forests in a Changing Climate

Climate Change: When, Where and How Much

Climate Change and the Distribution of Oaks

Managing Oak Forests in a Changing Climate

Mitigation strategies

Adaptation strategies

Metrics for Assessing Climate Change Vulnerability

Metrics for national climate change vulnerability assessments

Metrics for regional- and stand-scale vulnerability assessments

Practical Management Considerations

Perspective on Managing Oaks in a Changing Climate

15 Growth and Yield

Growth of an Oak

Annual phenology

Diameter growth

Height growth

Survival rates

Stand Growth

Growth and yield in even-aged stands

Growth and yield in uneven-aged stands

Growth and Yield Models

Modelling methods

Stand-level models for oaks

Stand table projection models

Individual-tree-level models for oaks

Forest landscape models

Estimating ingrowth

Model evaluation

Volume Equations

Regional Patterns in Yield and Productivity

Appendix 1 Common and Scientific Names of Species Mentioned

Appendix 2 Forest Cover Types of Eastern USA Dominated by Oaks or Oaks Mixed with Other Species

Appendix 3 Forest Cover Types of Western USA Dominated by Oaks or Oaks Mixed with Other Species.

Appendix 4 Formulae for Converting Site Index of One Species to Another in Unglaciated Regions of Indiana, Kentucky, Ohio and West Virginia

Appendix 5 Formulae for Converting Site Indexes for Oaks and Associated Species from One Species to Another in Three Regions

Appendix 6 Formulae for Converting Yellow-poplar Site Index to Oak Site Indexes in the Virginia-Carolina Piedmont

Appendix 7 Parameter Estimates for Site Index Asymptotes (S) and Species Coefficients (b) for Deriving Height/dbh Site Index Curves from Equation 4.1

Appendix 8 Common Conversions

Index

Back Cover.

Notes:

Description based on print version record.

ISBN:

9781780647746

1780647743

9781780647739

1780647735