Addictive behavior of full-time students at Masaryk University and options in its prevention / Petr Kachlík.

Format:

Book

Author/Creator:

Kachlík, Petr, author.

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

College students--Substance use--Czech Republic.

College students.

Physical Description:

1 online resource (173 pages)

Edition:

1st ed.

Place of Publication:

Brno : Masaryk University, Faculty of Education, [2016]

Summary:

The publication presents in detail the research results of 3 unique studies on substance drugs, addictive behavior of non-substance nature and prevention of addictions in samples of full-time students at the Masaryk University. Th e text consists of a brief introduction to the issue, describing the situation in matters relating to substance abuse and behavior in the world, in Europe, in the Czech Republic and in selected segments of the sample—among university students and among persons with disabilities. It is followed by a section devoted to methodology—characteristics of applied research tools, selection and monitored samples, evaluated indicators and processing of collected data. Th e section containing research data, their description and interpretation presents the results in text and table form. In the discussion, the outcomes are compared with similar surveys by Czech and foreign authors. Th e results of the fi rst study showed that more than three quarters of the sample have previously used tobacco, only one tenth legally, almost 40% of the respondents smoked in the last week before the survey. Previous prevalence of experience with alcohol was 99%, only 3% of the sample consumed alcoholic beverages legally, women drank more occasionally, men regularly. Almost three quarters of the respondents admitted having drunk alcohol in the last week before the survey. Black coff ee was previously drunk by 80% of the sample, women are its more regular consumers, half of the respondents drank black coff ee in the last week preceding the interview. Prevalence of previous experience with marijuana was 60%, 25% for hashish oil and hashish. Marijuana was consumed in the last month by 16% of the sample, signifi cantly more by men, 4% used hashish and hashish oil, again with a predominance of men. Prevalence of previous experience with hallucinogens was 13%, higher among men, consumed by 1% of the respondents in the last month, particularly by men, mostly involving magic mushrooms. Depressant medications without a prescription were tried by 8% of the sample, nearly 1% in the last month, always dominated by women. A tenth of the sample had previous experience with club drugs, used by approx. 1% in the past month, mostly males. At least one life experience with the so-called “hard” drugs was reported by fewer than 5% of the respondents, mostly men, the fi rst contacts fell into the interval 15–18 years of age and in early adulthood, half of the sample tried 1–3 experiments. Th e respondents are most oft en persuaded to a drug experiment by friends, partner(s) and casual acquaintances. Th e drug use was usually a result of the need for recognition by others, curiosity, craving to evoke pleasant feelings, relieve stress and spirituality. Marijuana is considered the most readily available, dance drugs and hallucinogens are relatively easy to get. On campus, there has been activity of drug dealers. Attitudes of men to consumption of addictive substances are riskier than of women, in particular with regard to experiments with marijuana and other “soft ” drugs and their occasional use. Th e second study focused on addictive behavior of non-substance nature (computer, internet, online banking, slot machines, mobile phones, betting, shopping, borrowing money). | 152 | Prevalence of previous experience with gaming machines was 30%, 20% with gambling machines, more common among men. 80% played video computer/console games, the time spent playing daily was mostly one hour. Th e respondents most commonly used Internet to surf the web, email, social networking and chatting. Most of them are connected one to three hours per day, more than three-quarters of the respondents have encountered some type of risk on the internet (viruses, spam, phishing, pirated soft ware, presentation of racism and xenophobia). A third of respondents used their mobile phone up to one hour a day, mostly to make calls and send text or picture messages. More than 40% of the sample have bet before, 3% borrowed money because of play or bet, men more frequently. Th ey were mostly brought to playing or betting by friends and casual acquaintances, main reasons involved curiosity, craving to evoke pleasant feelings, stress relief, or quick profi t. Almost three quarters of the respondents used internet banking a few times a month, a third of the sample bought more expensive consumer goods that they did not necessarily need, 5% have taken consumer credit. Women admitted to incidence of eating disorders and having sought professional help because of it. Availability of advanced information and communication technologies is very easy for the respondents, availability of betting and slot machines is relatively easy, many of them do not see any potential risk of a bigger problem in their intensive use. Th e third study mapped activities and the level of drug prevention at the University. Virtually all students in the sample encountered addiction prevention in high school, but those were mostly sporadic and less complex activities without greater involvement of independent parties. More than a third of the sample evaluated the secondary prevention of addiction as useful, a similarly large group as unclear in focus, or as a complete waste of time. More than a fi ft h of the respondents encountered addiction prevention and prevention in elective courses, mainly at the faculties of Education, Computer Science, Medicine and Science. Preventive activities in dormitories, university education and special interest events were infrequent. Most widely used preventive actions include monologue lectures, with missing feedback and active participation of students in projects of prevention, the same applies to external experts or visits to specialized addictology facilities. Prevention is mainly focused on the issue of alcohol and tobacco addiction, it lacks continuity and systematic nature, the programs are rarely holistic in nature (substance drugs and various kinds of addictive behavior), taking place mainly at humanities faculties. Nearly two-thirds of the monitored group consider the university addiction prevention useful, though not always targeted, one third has no opinion, one tenth see it as vague, useless, or even as waste of time. More than 90 % of students would like the University to dedicate enough time and resources to prevention and to substantially improve the range of activities. A previous visit to the existing University Counselling Center was admitted by 3% of the sample, a third of the respondents would agree to extend its services with the issue of addictions. More than two-thirds of the students would move the counselling facility elsewhere (to dorms, faculty building, outside the university premises).

Contents:

Intro

Table of Contents

Introduction

I. MAPPING OF THE SITUATION IN DRUG ABUSE AND ADDICTIVE BEHAVIOR

1.1 Monitoring of substance drug use and the global incidence of addictive behavior

1.2 Monitoring of substance drug use and the incidence of addictive behavior in Europe

1.3 Monitoring of drug use in the Czech Republic

1.4 Monitoring of drug use in the population segment of university students

1.5 Preventing risky behavior with attributes of addiction

II. METHODOLOGICAL FOUNDATIONS

2.1 Addictive substances

2.2 Other kinds of risky behavior including the so-called virtual drugs

2.3 Mapping activities and quality of drug prevention

III. ADDICTIVE BEHAVIOR IN A SAMPLE OF FULL-TIME STUDENTS OF THE MASARYK UNIVERSITY AND PREVENTION OPTIONS

3.1 Addictive substances with the character of substances

3.1.1 Tobacco

3.1.2 Alcoholic beverages

3.1.3 Black Coff ee

3.1.4 Cannabis products

3.1.5 Hallucinogens

3.1.6 Cocaine and methamphetamine

3.1.7 Use of other substances

3.1.8 Gambling

3.1.9 Person who motivated students to use drugs

3.1.10 Encounters with drug traffi ckers

3.1.11 Experience with adulterated or "cut" drugs

3.1.12 Reasons that led to drug use

3.1.13 Availability of selected substances

3.1.14 Use of selected substances in a circle of acquaintances

3.1.15 Respondents' attitudes to selected risk activities

3.1.16 Opinions on drug legalization

3.2 Other types of risky behavior including the so-called virtual drugs

3.2.1 Quiz machines

3.2.2 Slot machines

3.2.3 Video computer/console games

3.2.4 Using mobile devices

3.2.5 Using the Internet

3.2.6 Bets

3.2.7 Eating disorders

3.2.8 Borrowing money to gamble/bet

3.2.9 Internet banking

3.2.10 Purchasing of expensive consumer goods.

3.2.11 Person who introduced the respondent to playing slot machines, computers or betting

3.2.12 Reasons that led the respondent to playing slot machines, computers or betting

3.2.13 Very easy and easy availability of various activities and objects associated with gambling, information and communication technologies for the respondent

3.2.14 Respondents' attitudes towards selected activities of adult persons

3.2.16 Use of counselling and therapeutic services aimed at pathological addiction during the respondent's life

3.2.17 Respondents' views on the importance of including the issue of virtual drugs in teaching of students at MU

3.2.18 Opinions of the respondents to the question whether MU pays sufficient attention to the issue of virtual drugs

3.3 Mapping of activities and of the level of drug prevention at Masaryk University

3.3.1 Encounters of the respondents with addiction prevention activities at Masaryk University

3.3.2 Options of the respondents in encountering addiction prevention at Masaryk University

3.3.3 Types of courses in which the respondents encountered addiction prevention in the context of teaching at Masaryk University

3.3.4 Types of activities which according to the respondents are directly linked to the implementation of drug prevention at Masaryk University

3.3.5 Types of addiction which preventive activities at MU concerned

3.3.6 Systematic nature of university prevention activities

3.3.7 Mentions of the issue of prevention of eating disorders (anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa) in prevention at Masaryk University

3.3.8 Assessment of the level of prevention at Masaryk University

3.3.9 Respondents' view concerning adequacy of time devoted to primary prevention of addictions at Masaryk University.

3.3.10 Respondents' opinions concerning suffi cient variety of activities in primary prevention of addictions on off er at Masaryk University

3.3.11 Types of drug prevention activities that should be enhanced/established according to the respondents at Masaryk University

3.3.12 Utilization of services the Counselling Center at the MasarykUniversity Rector's Offi ce during the studies of the respondents

IV. DISCUSSION

4.1 Addictive substances in selected segments of the sample

4.1.1 Alcohol in Czech Republic

4.1.2 Alcohol abroad

4.1.3 Tobacco in the Czech Republic

4.1.4 Tobacco abroad

4.1.5 Illegal addictive substances in the Czech Republic

4.1.6 Illegal addictive substances abroad

4.1.7 Addictive drugs and people with disabilities

4.2 Other types of risky behavior including the so-called virtual drugs in selected population segments

4.2.1 Virtual drugs in the Czech Republic

4.2.2 Virtual drugs abroad

4.3 Mapping of activities and the level of drug prevention at Masaryk University

4.3.1 Prevention in Czech Republic

4.3.2 Prevention abroad

Conclusion

Addictive behavior of full-time students of Masaryk University-addictive substances

Addictive behavior of full-time students at Masaryk University-other kinds of risky behavior including the so-called virtual drugs

Mapping of activities and the level of drug prevention at Masaryk University

Summary

Bibliography

Name Index

Subject Index.

Notes:

Description based on print version record.

ISBN:

9788021085152

8021085150