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An introduction to moral philosophy / Jonathan Wolff, Blavatnik School of Government, University of Oxford.
- Format:
- Book
- Author/Creator:
- Wolff, Jonathan, author.
- Language:
- English
- Subjects (All):
- Ethics.
- Physical Description:
- xxi, 425, K-10, G-10, I-15 pages ; 21 cm
- Edition:
- Second edition.
- Place of Publication:
- New York, NY : W. W. Norton & Company, Inc., [2021]
- Summary:
- "Using real-world examples and vivid illustrations drawn from other disciplines, An Introduction to Moral Philosophy challenges preconceived notions about morality and demonstrates why ethics matters. From respected philosopher and writer Jonathan Wolff, this edition features a thoughtful and contemporary treatment of the ethics of gender, race, and non-Western moral philosophy, engaging narrative introductions to moral theories and the thinkers behind them"-- Provided by publisher.
- Contents:
- Machine generated contents note: ch. 1 Moral Philosophy and Moral Reasoning
- The Point of Moral Philosophy
- Developing a Moral Outlook
- Traditions of Moral Philosophy
- The Nature of Moral Philosophy
- Meta-Ethics
- Normative Ethics
- Applied Ethics
- Moral Reasoning
- Formal Logic: Validity, Soundness, Equivocation, Circularity
- Logical Traps
- Informal Logic: Analogy, Induction, Inference to the Best Explanation
- Thought Experiments and Moral Intuitions
- Special Moral Arguments
- Biases in Reasoning
- The Plan of This Book
- Chapter Review
- Summary
- Check Your Understanding
- Apply Your Learning
- Key Terms
- Key Thinkers
- Further Reading
- ch. 2 Cultural Relativism
- The Variety of Moral Practices
- Objectivism or Cultural Relativism?
- Relativism and Pseudo-Relativism
- Problems for Relativism
- Modest Relativism
- Genital Cutting and Cultural Relativism
- ch. 3 Nihilism and Subjectivism
- Varieties of Nihilism and Subjectivism
- Moral Nihilism
- Morality as a Device to Curb the Strong
- Individual Subjectivism
- Expressivism
- Objective Moral Concepts
- Ethics, Language, Metaphysics, and Epistemology
- The Argument from Queerness
- Evolutionary Debunking Arguments
- Responding to Subjectivism
- ch. 4 Free Will and Moral Responsibility
- Free Will
- Intuitive Belief in Free Will
- Sociological Determinism
- Psychological and Physical Determinism
- Determinism and Moral Responsibility
- Moral Compatibilism
- ch. 5 Religion and Natural Law
- Religion as a Basis for Morality
- God and Moral Obligation
- Divine Command and the Euthyphro Dilemma
- Responding to the Dilemma
- Religion and Natural Law
- Natural Law and Reason
- The Fact/Value Distinction
- Natural Law and Conscience
- ch. 6 Egoism
- Why Be Moral?
- Psychological Egoism
- The Evidence for Psychological Egoism
- Responding to Psychological Egoism
- Self-Interest and Evolution
- Selfish Genes and Kin Altruism
- The Mountain People
- Ethical Egoism
- Private Vices, Public Virtues
- Pure Ethical Egoism
- ch. 7 The Social Contract
- Morality as a Compromise Agreement
- The Social Contract
- The Prisoner's Dilemma
- Cooperation and Public Goods
- Developing the Social Contract Argument
- Beyond Rules and Regulations
- Social Contract Theory in Practice: End-of-Life Decisions, Abortion, and Animal Rights
- ch. 8 Utilitarianism: Bentham and Mill
- Moral Theories
- The Context of Bentham's Moral Philosophy
- Elimination of Asceticism
- Elimination of the Principle of Sympathy and Antipathy
- Clarifying Utilitarianism
- Bentham's Theory of the Good
- Measuring Happiness
- John Stuart Mill and Equality for Women
- Subjection of Women
- Using Utilitarianism: The Case of Capital Punishment
- Justifying Utilitarianism
- Mill's Proof
- ch. 9 Challenges for Utilitarianism
- Is Happiness the Sole Ultimate Good?
- The Narrowness Objection
- The Agency Objection
- The Evil Pleasures Objection
- The Quality Objection
- The Irrelevance Objection
- Maximizing Happiness
- Over-Demandingness, Supererogation, and Agent-Centered Morality
- Counterintuitive Implications
- Modifying Utilitarianism
- Act and Rule Utilitarianism
- Two-Level Utilitarianism
- The Problem of Contingency: Gender
- Mill and Racial Equality
- ch. 10 Deontology: Kant
- The Supreme Moral Principle
- Preview of Kant's Ethics
- The Good Will
- Sympathy
- The Categorical Imperative
- Hypothetical and Categorical Imperatives
- The Maxim of an Action
- Kant's Examples of Moral Dilemmas: Suicide, False Promises, Neglecting Your Talents, and Refusing Aid to Others
- Suicide
- Neglecting Your Talents, and Failing to Help
- ch. 11 Challenges for Kantian Ethics
- Formulations of the Supreme Principle of Morality
- The Formula of the Kingdom of Ends
- The Formula of Humanity
- Autonomy and Heteronomy
- Using Kant's Theory
- Once More: Kant on Lying
- Kantian Ethics in Real Life
- Freedom and Morality
- Kant and Christianity
- Moral Principles, Race, and Gender
- ch. 12 Virtue Ethics: Aristotle
- Aristotle's Moral Methodology
- The Good Life
- Acquiring Virtue
- Is Virtue Natural?
- Can Virtue Be Learned from a Book?
- Habituation
- Vice, Virtue, and the Golden Mean
- The Virtues
- The Golden Mean
- The Mean and Virtue Theory
- ch. 13 Challenges for Virtue Ethics
- Criticisms of Virtue Ethics
- Using Virtue Theory: Abortion
- Confucius and Ritual
- Do You Have a Character?
- Aristotle on Women and "Barbarians"
- ch. 14 The Ethics of Gender
- Gender: A Review
- The Ethics of Care
- Jake and Amy: Should Heinz Steal a Drug to Save a Life?
- Power, Privilege, and Diversity
- The Birdcage and the Example of Pornography
- Feminism and Science: The Case of Hysteria
- Morality and Power
- Critique of Moral Philosophy
- Beyond the Binary Divide
- Taking Action
- ch. 15 The Ethics of Race
- Race and Moral Philosophy
- Defining Race
- Defining Racism
- Racial Experience
- Racial Diversity and Mixed Race
- Race and Gender
- Developing an Ethics of Race: Black Lives Matter
- Anti-Racist Policies
- Affirmative Action
- Reparations
- ch. 16 Moral Philosophy in Practice
- Applying Moral Theories: World Hunger
- Utilitarian Approaches to World Hunger
- Kantian Approaches to World Hunger
- World Hunger, Virtue Ethics, and the Ethics of Care
- Lessons Learned
- Moral Problems
- The Death Penalty
- Euthanasia
- Abortion
- Animal Rights
- Climate Change
- Economic Justice
- Too Many Answers?
- Deepening Your Moral Outlook
- AFTERWORD COVID-19: The Ethical Issues
- Political Decisions
- Use of Scarce Medical Resources
- Personal Conduct.
- Notes:
- Includes bibliographical references and index.
- ISBN:
- 9780393428179
- 0393428176
- OCLC:
- 1164818128
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