Back pain in the young child and adolescent : a case-based guide / Richard M. Schwend, William L. Hennrikus, editors.

Format:

Book

Contributor:

Schwend, Richard M., editor.

Hennrikus, William L., editor.

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Backache--Case studies.

Backache.

Pediatric orthopedics.

Pediatrics.

Orthopedics.

Genre:

Electronic books.

Case studies.

Physical Description:

1 online resource

Place of Publication:

Cham, Switzerland : Springer, [2021]

System Details:

text file

PDF

Summary:

Back pain is a common musculoskeletal condition that presents to physicians in the primary care office, the urgent care facility, and the emergency room. However, few primary care physicians have received education and training about the appropriate workup and referral for a child who presents with back pain. This book is designed to fill the gaps in primary care physician knowledge and ultimately improve patient care. This book is divided into three major sections. The first section contains seven introductory chapters on epidemiology, anatomy of the spine, imaging studies, clinical considerations, general history questions, and physical examination pearls of the child with back pain. This section gives an overview of common back pain problems and provides instructions on how to best perform a history and examination of the pediatric patient with back pain. Classic historical and examination findings are highlighted that can lead to a focused differential diagnosis, successful treatment and appropriate referral. Recognition of the red flags in the history and physical keep the clinician 'out of trouble'. This section concludes with a chapter that guides physicians in "putting it all together". The second section is the largest section of the book and contains 25 case based chapters organized by major presenting clinical features. Each chapter has a similar structure and includes red flags of the history and the physical, case examples, clinical pearls, and editor comments. Cases vary from common presentations of back pain such as back pain related to back packs to rare presentations of back pain such as back pain stemming from tuberculosis. The third and final section of the book contains additional resources for the primary care physician, including web sites, parent handouts, and a bibliography of key articles. This section provides further information and alternative resources for the practicing clinician. Written by experts in the field, Back Pain in the Young Child and Adolescent is a 'must have' resource for pediatricians, primary care physicians, and any other clinicians caring for younger patients who are experiencing back pain.

Contents:

Intro

Preface

Contents

Contributor List

Part I: Background

Chapter 1: Epidemiology of Pediatric Back Pain

Introduction

Defining Back Pain

Prevalence

Back Pain

Neck and Thoracic Pain

Low Back Pain

Incidence

Pain Frequency, Duration, and Intensity

Disability

Medical Attention

Natural History

Risk Factors

Physical Domain

Trunk Muscles

Trunk Mobility

Posture

Trunk Asymmetry

Muscle and Joint Flexibility

Trunk Stability

Biological Domain

Weight and Height

Gender

Family History

Lifestyle Domain

Activity

Sedentary Activity

Physical Activity

Sport

Occupational Activity

Sleep

Smoking and Alcohol

Backpacks

Psychosocial Domain

Psychological, Behavioral, and Cognitive Factors

Social Factors

Approaching Back Pain from a Multidimensional Perspective

Prevention

Brief Summary

Conclusion

Editor Discussion

References

Chapter 2: Anatomy of the Pediatric Spine

Cervical Spine (Fig. 2.5)

Thoracic Spine (Fig. 2.3)

Lumbar Spine (Fig. 2.6)

References

Chapter 3: Medical and Non-surgical Conditions That Can Cause or Contribute to Back Pain in a Child or Adolescent

Mechanical Back Pain (Non-specific or Muscular Back Pain)

Scoliosis

Back Pain in Children with Neuromuscular Disease

Muscle Strain and Spasm

Spondylolysis/Spondylolisthesis

Scheuermann Disease

Degenerative Disease

Bertolotti Syndrome

Spinal Dysraphism

Benign but Locally Aggressive Tumors of the Spine

Osteoid Osteoma/Osteoblastoma

Histiocytosis

Malignancy

Leukemia

Ewing Sarcoma

Spinal Cord Tumor

Infection

Discitis

Osteomyelitis

Systemic Disease

Osteoporosis/Metabolic Bone Disease

Sickle Cell Disease

Spondyloarthropathy

Extra-skeletal Causes of Back Pain

Chapter 4: History Evaluation of the Child or Adolescent with Back Pain Including Ten Red Flags

Summary

Chapter 5: Physical Examination of the Child or Adolescent with Back Pain

Chapter 6: Radiologic Imaging and Laboratory Evaluation of Back Pain in Children and Adolescents

Imaging

Role of Plain Radiography

Radiation Exposure

Special Views

Role of Computerized Tomography (CT Scan)

Spinal Cord Injury Without Radiographic Abnormality (SCIWORA)

Technetium Nuclear Bone Scan

PET-CT

Imaging Findings on Plain Radiography

Initial Approach to Reading Plain Radiographs of the Spine

Disc Disease and Schmorl's Nodes

Fracture or Dislocation

Scheuermann's Kyphosis

Transitional Vertebra

Spina Bifida Occulta

Spondylolysis and Spondylolisthesis

Spinal Deformity

Vertebra Plana

MRI

Examples of Commonly Encountered Pediatric Variations and Abnormalities

Notes:

Includes bibliographical references and index.

Description based on online resource; title from digital title page (viewed on February 03, 2021).

Other Format:

Print version:

ISBN:

9783030507589

3030507580

OCLC:

1228843369

Access Restriction:

Restricted for use by site license.