Archaeology and ethnography along the Loango Coast in the south west of the Republic of Congo / Gerry Wait and Ibrahima Thiaw.

Format:

Book

Author/Creator:

Wait, Gerry, author.

Thiaw, Ibrahima, author.

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Excavations (Archaeology).

Physical Description:

1 online resource (115 pages) : illustrations

Edition:

1st ed.

Place of Publication:

Oxford, England : Archaeopress, 2020.

Summary:

This book presents the results of the Environmental and Social Impact Assessment (ESIA) project in the southwest region of the Republic of the Congo, undertaken to identify and evaluate cultural resources which might need further investigation. The study also reports on ethnographic surveys considering intangible cultural heritage.

Contents:

Cover

Title Page

Copyright Page

Contents Page

List of Figures

Figure 1. Location Map of the project area

Introduction

Acknowledgements

The archaeological heritage regulatory framework in the RC

International Regulatory Framework

Figure 2. Map of the study area showing the principal villages mentioned in the text

Figure 3. Typical household, Dougou village

The Sintoukola Potash Project

The methodology

Approach and Methodology:

Desktop Research and Planning

Objectives

Field Survey Methodology

Archaeological and historical background

Artefact analysis

Pottery

Imports

Lithic Artefacts

Conclusions: archaeology and the location and dating of ancestral sites

Figure 4. Yanika village in the mixed savannah-forest zone

Figure 5. The village of Nkoutou

Figure 6. Fieldwalking with the massive plantation of cloned eucalyptus trees behind

Figure 7. Fieldwalking in the mixed savannah and forest zone

Figure 8. Site recording

Dt Thiaw and Directrice Mdm Nsania Julienne

Figure 9. Recording at Lac Ndembo, on one of the sites also recorded by Denbow (note his concrete marker)

Figure 10. Denbow's marker for the site at Lac Ndembo

Figure 11. Map after Denbow of sites

Figure 12. Fieldwalking through the mixed savannah-forest zone

Figure 13. Survey team at Denbow's marker for site BP113

Figure 14. Denbow's marker for site BP113

Figure 15. Rim-sherd of pottery found in the coastal zone

Table 1. Chronological periods and pottery styles related to sites discovered in the 2011 survey

Figure 16. Locations of Archaeological Sites

Figure 17. Locations of ISO sites

Figure 18. Density of archaeological remains near the coast up to approximately 8km inland

Figure 19. Density of archaeological remains in the zone of savannah-forest mosaic.

Figure 20. Density of Archaeological remains in the Mayombe

Figure 21. Zones of relative archaeological potential

ASPECTS OF THE ETHNOGRAPHY AND INTANGIBLE CULTURAL HERITAGE IN THE IN THE SINTOUKOLA PERMIT AREA

Approach

The social context

Methodology

Communal Organisation

Terrien families

Religion and beliefs

Sacred sites: Sanctuaries

Cemeteries

Churches

Zéphirin

Tchikombi and Mangoudi and other dances/festivals

Christian Churches and Traditional Witchcraft and Sorcery

Terriens, Village Chiefs, Christian Churches

Conclusions

Distribution of Sacred sites

Figure 22. Village consultation in Koutou

Figure 23. Meeting with a babongo (pygmy) family near Youbi

Figure 24. Meeting with villagers in Dougou village

Figure 25. Map of sacred sites developed during consultation in Koutou with Bouvandji

Figure 26. Map of sacred sites Lakes Youbi and Yangala developed during consultation with Youbi terriens

Figure 27. Map of sacred sites developed during consultation with Sintou terriens for Bivabiloangou

Figure 28 - Sacred site on River Djemba

Figure 29 - Recording a propitiatory ritual while approaching sacred site 118 near village KM4

Figure 30 - Recording ARCH site 42, also a sacred site near Nkola

Figure 31 - Recording GPS coordinated at a sacred site in the Mayombe forest zone near Kola

Figure 32. Cemetery sacred site 115 near Youbi

Figure 33 - Cemetery sacred site XXX near Kaboune

Figure 34. Learning local narratives about the cemetery sacred site 115 near Youbi

Figure 35. A grave marker typical of the dispersed burials in the coastal zone

Figure 36. A relatively modern burial in a well tended cemetery near Youbi

Figure 37. Roadside cemetery in the Mayombe north of Sintou

Figure 38. Iron grave marker in a cemetery near Goma Tchiloungo.

Figure 39. A Zéphirin church altar frontal from near Nkola

Figure 40. The Zéphirin-Lassist church at KM4 village

Figure 41. The Zéphirin church in Nkola

Figure 42. Altar decorations in the Zéphirin church in Nkola

Figure 43. The Zéphirin church in KM4 village

Figure 44. The current Zéphirin church in Tchiesalamou

Figure 45. The Zéphirin church in Tchiesalamou under construction (view along Nave)

Figure 46. The Zéphirin church in Tchiesalamou under construction (view towards the altar)

Figure 47. The church in the village of Nkoutou

Figure 48. Areas that have higher potential to be tchibila

Bibliography and Sources Consulted

Figure 49. Ceramics - indigenous and imported - from Site ARCH 2

Finds Illustrations

Finds illustrations

Figure 50. European blue-glass trade beads, circa 17th-18th centuries from Site ARCH2

Figure 51. Ceramics - indigenous and imported - from site ARCH 19

Figure 52. Ceramics - indigenous and imported from Site ARCH 20

Figure 53. Ceramics - indigenous - from site ARCH 21

Figure 54. Ceramics - indigenous and imported - from site ARCH 22

Figure 55. Indigenous Ceramics, iron-working slag worked stone objects and a characteristic rim-sherd from site ARCH 22

Figure 56. Ceramics - indigenous and imported - from site ARCH 22 continued

Figure 57. Ceramics - indigenous and imported - from site ARCH 24

Figure 58. Indigenous ceramics and imported bottle-glass from site ARCH 24

Figure 59. Chipped quartz: waste flakes and some with retouch for use as tools

Figure 60. European green-glass bottle neck fragment

Figure 61. Chipped quartz: waste flakes with retouch for use as tools

Figure 62. Indigenous ceramics and worked stone from site ARCH 29.

Figure 63. Indigenous ceramics from site ARCH 29

Figure 64. Indigenous ceramics and imported glass from site ARCH 31

Figure 65. Indigenous ceramics and worked quartz flakes from site ARCH 32 (Denbow's site BP113)

Figure 66. Indigenous ceramics from site ARCH 33 (Denbow's site Lamba)

Figure 67. Site ISO 1

Figure 68. Site ISO 2

Figure 69. Site ISO 3

Figure 70. Site ISO 7

Figure 71. Site ISO 20

Figure 72. Site ISO 24

Appendix 1: Gazetteer of Archaeological Sites and Site Descriptions

Table 2 Gazetteer of Archaeological Sites (geograic information removed)

Appendix 2: Summary of indigenous LOANGO COAST ceramic styles after James Denbow

Appendix 2: Tabulated records of artefacts

Appendix 3: Ceramics drawings

Appendix 4: fiche de prospection: card-index records for newly discovered sites

Appendix 5: Gazetteer of Heritage Sites

Table 5 Sacred sites - accurate geographic location information has been removed.

Notes:

Description based on print version record.

ISBN:

9781784919955

1784919950