Current and future developments in nanomaterials and carbon nanotubes. Volume 1, Introduction to carbon nanomaterials / edited by Jagriti Narang & Chandra Shekhar Pundir.

Format:

Book

Author/Creator:

Narang, Jagriti, Author.

Contributor:

Narang, Jagriti, editor.

Pundir, Chandra Shekhar, editor.

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Nanostructured materials.

Carbon.

Physical Description:

1 online resource (316 pages)

Edition:

1st ed.

Place of Publication:

Sharjah, UAE : Bentham Science Publishers, 2018.

Summary:

Carbon is one of the most investigated material in the history of nanoscience and is mainly responsible for the current nanotechnology boom. The field of technology is very progressing at an exponential rate, with a wide variety of research articles and book chapters appearing in scholarly literature every year. Introduction to Carbon Nanomaterials presents information on new technologies based on the application of carbon nanotubes and the methods used to prepare carbon nanotubes are also discussed in detail. Key Features: - emphasizes the mechanisms used in developing and synthesizing carbon nanotubes. - explains the unique electrical, optical, mechanical, thermal and vibrational properties of carbon nanotubes with changes in these properties due to structural differences. - provides information about applications of enhanced carbon nanotube structures with bibliographic references - highlights the significance of carbon nanotubes in delivering a wide variety of molecular payloads including drugs, small organic molecules, oligonucleotides, proteins, siRNA, vaccines and nutrients. - explains the effects of carbon nanotubes on biological processes such as cell viability, proliferation, reactive oxygen species (ROS) producing ability, genotoxicity, extra cellular matrix remodelling/tissue remodeling, mutagenicity and toxicology. Introduction to Carbon Nanomaterials is a useful resource for novice nanotechnology researchers, undergraduates and post-graduate students who are interested to peruse a career in carbon nanomaterials research.

Contents:

Intro

CONTENTS

FOREWORD

PREFACE

List of Contributors

Say Hello to Carbon Nanotubes

Ashish Mathur1,*, Shikha Wadhwa2 and Susanta Sinha Roy2

1.1. INTRODUCTION

1.2. BRIEF IDEA ABOUT CNT

1.3. STRUCTURE OF CARBON NANOTUBES

1.4. PROPERTIES OF CARBON NANOTUBES

1.4.1. Electrical Properties

1.4.2. Mechanical Properties

1.4.3. Thermal Properties

1.5. APPLICATIONS OF CNTS

1.6. DEVELOPMENTS IN CARBON NANOTUBE TECHNOLOGY

1.7. TYPES OF CNTS

1.7.1. Single Walled CNTs (SWCNTs)

1.7.2. Double Walled CNTs (DWCNTs)

1.7.3. Multi Walled CNTs (MWCNTs)

1.8. LIMITATIONS OF CNT TECHNOLOGY

1.9. CURRENT DEVELOPMENTS

1.10. PROCESSING OF CNTS

1.10.1. Current Status of Development and Commercialisation

1.10.2. Current Market for CNT Synthesis

1.10.3. Challenges and Future Prospects

1.11. APPLICATION OF CNTS IN LIFE SCIENCES AND HEALTH

1.11.1. CNTs in Diagnostics

1.11.1.1. Probing and Imaging

1.11.1.2. Biosensing

1.11.1.3. Point of Care Devices

1.11.2. CNTs in Therapeutics

1.11.2.1. Drug Delivery

1.11.2.2. Nucleic Acid Delivery

1.11.2.3. Protein Transport

1.11.2.4. CNTs in Tissue Engineering

1.11.2.5. CNTs Application as Implants

1.11.3. Functionalisation of CNTs and Biomedical Applications

1.11.3.1. Covalent Functionalisation of Carbon Nanotubes

1.11.3.2. Noncovalent Functionalisation of Carbon Nanotubes

1.12. CHALLENGES AND CURRENT DEVELOPMENTS

1.13. FUTURE PROSPECTS

1.14. APPLICATIONS IN ENVIRONMENT SECTOR

1.14.1. CNTs as Sorbents

1.14.2. Aligned CNTs as High-Flux Membranes

1.14.3. CNTs for Composite Filters

1.14.4. CNTs as Antimicrobial Agents

1.14.5. CNTs for Environmental Sensing

1.14.6. CNTs for Renewable Energy

1.14.7. Pollution Prevention Using CNTs

1.14.8. Challenges in the Area

1.14.9. Current Developments.

1.14.10. Future Prospects

1.14.10.1. Sensing

1.14.10.2. Membrane Filters

1.14.10.3. Antibacterial Agents

1.15. APPLICATION IN FOOD SECTOR

1.15.1. CNTs as Fillers in Nanocomposites for Food Packaging

1.15.2. CNTs as Sensors

1.15.3. Regulation on the Safe Use of 'Nano'

1.15.4. Challenges and Future Prospects

1.16. APPLICATION IN ELECTRONICS AND CONSUMER GOODS

1.16.1. Carbon Nanotubes in Field Emission and Lighting Applications

1.16.2. Carbon Nanotubes in Electronics

1.16.3. CNTs as Interconnects

1.16.4. Transparent Conductors

1.17. CARBON NANOTUBES IN MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS

1.18. CNTS FOR ENERGY APPLICATIONS

1.18.1. Application of CNTs in Fuel Cell Electrodes and Catalyst Supports

1.18.2. CNTs in Li-Ion Batteries

1.18.3. CNTs in Supercapacitors

1.18.4. CNTs in Solar Cells

1.18.5. Challenges

1.18.6. Future Prospects

1.19. APPLICATION OF CNT IN AEROSPACE AND DEFENCE

1.19.1. CNT Technology in Aerospace and Defence

1.19.1.1. Sensors

1.19.2. Nanotube Composites

1.19.2.1. Aerospace Fabrics

1.19.3. Current Status and Challenges

1.19.4. Future Prospects

1.20. APPLICATION OF CNTS IN AUTOMOTIVE AND TRANSPORTATION

1.20.1. CNT in Sensing

1.20.2. CNTs as Hydrogen Storage Material for Transport Application

1.20.3. CNT Nanocomposites

1.20.4. Challenges

1.20.5. Current Developments and Commercialisation

1.20.6. Future Prospects

1.21. APPLICATION IN CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY

1.21.1. CNTs in Building Materials

1.21.1.1. Surfaces and Coatings

1.21.1.2. Thermal Performance

1.21.1.3. Structural Materials

1.21.2. Challenges

1.21.3. Current Developments

1.21.4. Future Prospects

1.22. APPLICATION IN TEXTILES

1.22.1. Sports

1.22.2. Healthcare

1.23. HOME FURNISHING

1.24. MILITARY/SECURITY

1.25. FASHION/LIFESTYLE

1.25.1. Challenges.

1.26. APPLICATION OF CNTS IN SECURITY

1.26.1. Military Applications

1.26.2. Homeland Security Applications

1.27. CONCLUSION

CONFLICT OF INTEREST

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

REFERENCES

Methods for the Synthesis of Carbon Nanotubes

Jagjiwan Mittal*

2.1. INTRODUCTION

2.2. SYNTHESIS OF CNTS

2.2.1. Electric Arc Discharge Method

2.2.1.1. Synthesis of Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes (MWCNTs)

2.2.1.2. Effect of Gaseous Atmosphere

2.2.1.3. Liquid Atmosphere

2.2.1.4. Pulsed Techniques

2.2.1.5. Mechanism of MWCNTs Growth by Arc-Discharge

2.2.1.6. Single Wall Nanotubes

2.2.1.7. Double Walled Carbon Nanotubes (DWCNTs) Synthesis

2.2.2. Laser Ablation Method

2.2.2.1. Mechanism of SWCNTs Growth in Arc Discharge and Laser Ablation

2.2.3. Chemical Vapor Deposition Method

2.2.3.1. Carbon Source and Inert Gas

2.2.3.2. Catalyst

2.2.3.3. Carbon Source and Catalysts Combinations

2.2.3.4. Substrate

2.2.3.5. Gas Phase Metal Catalyst

2.2.3.6. Different Types of CVD

2.2.3.7. Uniform Vertically Aligned Synthesis of CNTs

2.2.3.8. Liquid State Pyrolysis Chemical Vapor Deposition

2.2.3.9. Solid State Pyrolysis Chemical Vapor Deposition

2.2.3.10. CNT Growth Mechanism in CVD

2.2.4. Other Methods of CNTs Synthesis

2.2.4.1. Hydrothermal Synthesis

2.2.4.2. Electrolysis

2.2.4.3. Solar Technique

2.3. PURIFICATION OF SOOT CONTAINING CNTS

2.3.1. Chemical Purification

2.3.1.1. Wet Oxidation

2.3.1.2. Dry Oxidation

2.3.2. Physical Purification

2.3.3. Multi-Step Purification

2.4. CONCLUSION

CONFLICT OF INEREST

Carbon Nanotubes: Synthesis Methods

Ranu Nayak*

3.1. INTRODUCTION

3.2. ELECTRICAL PROPERTIES

3.3. OPTICAL PROPERTIES

3.3.1. UV-vis and FTIR Spectroscopy

3.3.2. Raman Spectroscopy

3.4. MECHANICAL PROPERTIES.

3.4.1. Measurement of Young's Modulus

3.4.2. Measurement of Non-Linear Mechanics and Resilience

3.4.3. Strength Measurements

3.5. THERMAL AND VIBRATIONAL PROPERTIES

3.5.1. Phonon Density of States

3.5.2. Specific Heat at Low Temperature

3.5.3. Thermal Conductivity

3.6. CONCLUSION

Preparation and Application of Carbon Nanotubes Composites

4.1. INTRODUCTION

4.2. METHODS OF SYNTHESIS

4.2.1. CNT-Polymer Nanocomposite

4.2.1.1. In-situ Polymerization

4.2.1.2. Solution Based Method / Polymer Graphting

4.2.1.3. Shear Mixing

4.2.2. Metal Oxide-CNT Nanocomposite

4.2.2.1. Impregnation

4.2.2.2. Sintering

4.2.2.3. Sol-gel Method

4.2.2.4. Hydrothermal Method

4.2.2.5. Xerogel Drop Casting

4.2.2.6. Solvothermal Method

4.2.3. Metal-CNT Nanocomposite

4.2.3.1. Colloidal Dispersion

4.2.3.2. Electroless Plating

4.2.3.3. Impregnation

4.2.3.4. Chemical Vapor Deposition

4.2.3.5. Hydrothermal/Solvothermal Method

4.2.3.6. Pyrolysis

4.3. APPLICATIONS

4.3.1. Water Treatment

4.3.2. Gas Sensor

4.3.3. Biomedical Applications

4.3.4. Reinforcement of Polymer Foams

4.3.5. Energy Storage Devices

4.3.6. Other Applications

4.4. CONCLUSION

Carbon Nanotubes in Electrochemical Sensing

Shikha Wadhwa1,*, Ashish Mathur1 and Susanta Sinha Roy2

5.1. INTRODUCTION

5.2. ELECTROCHEMISTRY OF CNTS

5.3. CNTS BASED ELECTROCHEMICAL SENSORS

5.3.1. CNTs Based Electrodes

5.3.1.1. CNT-Polymer Nanocomposite Electrodes

5.3.1.2. CNT Paste Electrodes

5.3.1.3. CNTs/Sol-gel/Nanocomposite Electrodes

5.3.1.4. Layer by Layer Assembly of CNT Film Electrodes

5.3.2. Nanoparticles-CNT Electrodes

5.4. RATIONAL FUNCTIONALISATION OF CNTS.

5.4.1. Functionalisation with Polymers

5.4.2. Functionalization with Aromatic Molecules

5.4.3. Non-Covalent Functionalization with Biomolecules

5.4.4. Functionalization with Metal Nanoparticles

5.5. CNT BASED ELECTROCHEMICAL SENSORS FOR ELECTROANALYSIS

5.5.1. CNT Based Non-Enzymatic Electrochemical Sensors

5.5.1.1. For Biomedical Analysis

5.5.1.2. For Drug Analysis

5.5.2. CNT-Based Enzymatic Electrochemical Sensors

5.5.2.1. Electrochemical Biosensors for Electroanalysis

5.5.2.2. Direct Electron Transfer of Redox Proteins and Enzymes

5.5.3. Electrochemical DNA Sensors

5.6. CONCLUSION

Carbon Nanotubes in Drug Delivery

Mohammad Faiyaz Anwar1,*, Neelam Yadav2 and Swati Jain3

6.1. INTRODUCTION

6.2. PHYSICOCHEMICAL STRUCTURE OF CNTS

6.3. SYNTHESIS OF CARBON NANOTUBE

6.4. GROWTH MECHANISM

6.5. FUNCTIONALIZATION OF CNTS

6.6. DRUG DELIVERY

6.7. IN VIVO BEHAVIOUR OF CNTS

6.8. SMALL MOLECULES LOADED IN CARBON NANOTUBES SYSTEM

6.9. PROTEINS LOADED IN CARBON NANOTUBE SYSTEM

6.10. DNA, RNA, OR GENESLOADED IN CARBON NANOTUBES

6.11. CARBON NANOTUBES IN CANCER THERAPY

6.12. HYPERTHERMIA THERAPY

6.13. CARBON NANOTUBE TARGETED TO CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM (CNS)

6.14. BIOSAFETY

6.15. CONCLUSION

Intervention of Carbon Nanotubes in Tissue Engineering Applications

Jagriti Narang1,*, Tulika Dahiya2 and C.S. Pundir3

7.1. INTRODUCTION

7.2. NANO-SCAFFOLD-BASED TISSUE ENGINEERING

7.3. STRUCTURE AND COMPOSITION OF ECM

7.3.1. Functions of ECM

7.4. EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX OF BONE AND ITS NANOSCALE FEATURES

7.4.1. Physical Properties of Carbon Nanotubes

7.4.2. In vivo Response of Carbon Nanotubes

7.4.3. Necessities of Scaffolds.

7.4.4. Carbon Nanotubes as Scaffold Material.

Notes:

Includes bibliographical references and index.

Description based on online resource; title from PDF title page (EBC, viewed March 25, 2018).

ISBN:

9781681085951

168108595X

OCLC:

1023535085