Syntactic analysis and description : a constructional approach / David G. Lockwood.

Format:

Book

Author/Creator:

Lockwood, David G., author.

Series:

Open linguistics series.

Open linguistics series

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Grammar, Comparative and general--Syntax.

Grammar, Comparative and general.

Linguistic analysis (Linguistics).

Physical Description:

1 online resource (386 pages) : illustrations.

Edition:

1st ed.

Place of Publication:

London ; New York : Continuum, 2002.

Summary:

This book is designed to teach undergraduate and beginning graduate students how to understand, analyse and describe syntactic phenomena in different languages. The book covers every aspect of syntax from the basics to more specialised topics, such as clitics which have grammatical importance but cannot be used in isolation, and negation, in which a construction contradicts the meaning of a sentence. The approach taken combines concepts from different theoretical schools, which view syntax differently. These include M. A. K. Halliday's systemic functional linguistics, the stratificational school advocated by Sydney Lamb, and Kenneth L. Pike's tagmemic model. The emphasis of the book is on syntactic structures rather than linguistic meaning, and the book stresses the difference between a well-formed sentence and a meaningful one. The final chapter brings these two aspects together, to show the connections between syntax and semology. Each chapter concludes with exercises from a diverse range of languages and a list of major technical terms. The book also includes a glossary as an essential resource for students approaching this difficult subject for the first time.

Contents:

Cover

Contents

Preface

1 Constructions, functions, and classes

What is syntax?

The construction: an essential element in syntax

Functions within constructions

The manifestation of functions

Application to basic clausal data

Orders of functions in transitive clauses

Summary of notations introduced

Exercises

Terminology

2 Syntax and morphology: pre-editing syntactic data

Inflection in English

Abstracting out morphological details

Patterns of pre-editing

Summary of inflectional categories

Summary of new notations

3 Types of phrase constructions

The noun phrase: a typical endocentric phrase

Other endocentric phrases

The problem of the verb phrase

Exocentric phrases

Summary of phrasal constituents and symbols

4 Concord and government in the phrase

Simple concord

Gender concord

Grammatical government

Types of phrasal congruence

Notations for concord and government

5 Phrase coordination

Basic varieties of coordination

Position of conjunctions

Formalization of coordination

Structural types of coordination

General patterns of coordination

6 Types of basic clause constructions

Verbal clauses and their elements

Basic clause types in English

Expressing "being" in different languages

Non-verbal clauses

Summary of clausal constituents and symbols

7 Congruence and determination in the clause

Congruence between Subject and Predicator

Congruence between Predicator and Objects

Government in the clause

Determination

8 Identification and description of clitics

What is a clitic?

Identification by separability.

Identification by comembership

Identification by differential linkage

Classification of clitics

Fitting clitics into syntactic description

9 Negation in the clause

Inflectional negation

Negation by simple particles

Discontinuous negation

Special constituent orders in the negative

Special relations of government in the negative

Special auxiliary uses in the negative

Negative concord and anti-concord

10 Varieties of clausal organization: accusative, ergative, and others

Accusative and ergative perspectives illustrated

Split ergativity

Further varieties of organization

Summary

11 Voice and other forms of highlighting in the clause

Active and passive voices

Varieties of the passive

The antipassive

Highlighting in general

12 Sentence constructions

The rank hierarchy

A traditional classification

An alternative traditional classification

Special sentence types of English

Summary of sentence structures

13 Interrogation in clause and sentence structures

Basic classification of interrogatives

Expression of polarity questions

Varieties of supplement questions

Confirmatory questions

14 Subordinate clauses and clausoidal phrases

English subordinate clauses

Clausoids in English: infinitive, participial, and gerund phrases

Clausoids in other European languages

The non-universality of clausoids

15 Syntax and semology

Examples of semological effects on syntax

Agnation and semology

Markedness and semology

Semological control of syntax

Classifying semo-syntactic relations

Terminology.

Appendix: adaptations of the boxed notation

Glossary

A

B

C

D

E

F

G

H

I

L

M

N

O

P

Q

R

S

T

U

V

W

Z

References

Textbooks and other works on syntax

Sources consulted for language data

Index of languages

J

K

Y

Index of names and terms

X

Z.

Notes:

Includes bibliographical references (pages [367]-370) and indexes.

Description based on print version record.

ISBN:

9786613206503

9781441157560

1441157565

9780826478764

082647876X

9781283206501

1283206501

9781441162564

1441162569

OCLC:

893331051