Oxygen, the breath of life : boon and bane in human health, disease, and therapy / authored by Olen R. Brown.

Format:

Book

Author/Creator:

Brown, Olen R., author.

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Gene therapy.

Physical Description:

1 online resource (370 pages)

Edition:

1st ed.

Place of Publication:

Sharjah, United Arab Emirates : Bentham eBooks, 2017.

Summary:

Oxygen is historically entwined from its discovery with radical applications as a panacea by charlatans and by daring men constructing bridges using underwater caissons. Oxygen has made possible the exploration of the depths of the oceans beginning with hard-hat diving suits and extending to scuba gear underwater habitats and submarines as well as space exploration. Molecular oxygen is critically involved in health and disease in more ways than any other element. It is essential for metabolism of food to nourish our bodies. Understanding its biological and chemical nature helps us to understand the effects of exercise vitamins and supplements and drugs used for cancer therapies. Oxygen the Breath of Life is a comprehensive reference on the historical biological chemical and medical aspects of oxygen. Readers both laymen and experts will gain knowledge of the basics of oxygen chemistry how it functions in the human body the role of oxidants in the development of various diseases. Chapters contain historical notes which highlight the discoveries of pioneering researchers.

Contents:

Intro

CONTENTS

FOREWORD

PREFACE

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

CONFLICT OF INTEREST

DEDICATION

Oxygen: Origin in the Universe and Brief Chemistry

INTRODUCTION

OXYGEN IN THE UNIVERSE

Nucleosynthesis of Light Elements

Oxygen, Theoretically, Was Created in Stars

Oxygen's Place in the Periodic Table of the Elements

OXYGEN AND OXYGEN RADICAL CHEMISTRY IN BRIEF

Oxygen, by Analogy

Oxygen Double Bond: Formation and Dissolution

NOTES

REFERENCES

Oxygen: Essential Role in Life

CELLULAR RESPIRATION

OXIDATION-REDUCTION AND FUTILE CYCLES

ENERGY CONVERSION AND STORAGE

Coupled Reactions

THE CYTOCHROME SYSTEM IN MORE DETAIL

MEMBRANES AND ATP PRODUCTION

ESSENTIAL OXYGEN

Total Oxygen in the Human Body

Extreme Breath Holding

What Bird Metabolism Reveals about the Need for Oxygen

What Can Insects Tell Us

What Can the Apparent Limitation on Cell Size Tell Us

What can Cyanide Poisoning and Time to Anoxic Brain Death Tell Us

The Near Tragedy of Apollo 13

CONCLUDING REMARKS

Discovery and History of Oxygen

DISCOVERY OF OXYGEN

Introduction

Joseph Priestley

Carl Scheele

Lavoisier

John Dalton

HISTORY OF OXYGEN

Brief History of Oxygen Formation on Earth

Ozone, a Special Form of Oxygen

Discovery and Significance

Oxygen Generation by Photosynthesis

BIOLOGICAL PRODUCTION OF OXYGEN

Introduction and Overview

Measuring Global Photosynthesis

Photosynthesis in More Detail: Roles of Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide

Overview and Production of Oxygen by the Light Reaction of Photosynthesis

Thylakoid Membrane and Chlorophyll

Reaction Centers and Antennae

The Calvin Cycle

Photosynthesis Removes Carbon Dioxide from the Air.

Carbon Dioxide, an Oxygen-Containing Molecule Essential for Life

CARBON DIOXIDE AS A GREENHOUSE GAS

Earth's Security Blanket, the Warming Atmosphere

A Scientific "Consensus" Supported by Political Fiat

A DIFFERENT APPROACH FOR YOUR CONSIDERATION

Data and Some Calculations

For Your Consideration

Plant a Tree

Carbon Dioxide Added to the Air by Humans in the Modern Era

Impact of Plant Growth

TOXICITY OF CARBON DIOXIDE

Oxygen, Vital Element in Water

WATER, A SMALL BUT UNUSUAL MOLECULE

THE BLUE (AND RED) SKY

Rayleigh Scattering in More Detail

WATER VAPOR AND CLOUD FORMATION

WATER EXPANDS AS IT FREEZES

BOILING AND FREEZING POINTS OF WATER

SURFACE TENSION

THE WATER CYCLE

LATENT HEAT OF WATER

SNOWFLAKE FORMATION

REACTIONS INVOLVING WATER

THALES: ALL MATTER BEGINS WITH WATER

Oxygen Therapy, The Early Years

HISTORY OF OXYGEN AS THERAPY

The 1600s

The 1700s

The 1800s

The 1900s

Modern Uses of Hyperoxic and Hyperbaric Medicine

OXYGEN TOXICITY

Early Understanding of Oxygen Toxicity

Transition to a Focus on Biochemical Mechanisms of Oxygen Toxicity

Oxygen Free Radicals

Oxygen Biology, Boon and Bane

MECHANISMS OF OXYGEN TOXICITY AND OXIDANT DEFENSES

SUPEROXIDE DISMUTASE, THE START OF SOMETHING NEW

OXYGEN TOXICITY DISCOVERIES IN THE 1970S

OXYGEN TOXICITY DISCOVERIES IN THE 1980S

OXYGEN TOXICITY DISCOVERIES IN THE 1990S

OXYGEN TOXICITY DISCOVERIES IN THE 2000S

Oxygen Transport to Lung to Blood to Spark of Intelligence in the Brain

THE LUNG

THE CIRCULATION

THE RED BLOOD CELL

Hemoglobin

Oxygen Binding by Hemoglobin.

Hemoglobinopathies

Binding of Carbon Monoxide and Nitric Oxide to Hemoglobin

Unusual Hemoglobins

Artificial Blood

Carbon Dioxide Transport by Hemoglobin

OXYGEN IN MITOCHONDRIA

OXYGEN IN THE BRAIN

Oxygen: Parkinson's, Alzheimer's, Huntington's

OXIDANT STRESS

PARKINSON'S DISEASE

Disease Manifestations

Levo-dopa Therapy

Sources of Oxidant Stress

Parkinson's Pathophysiology

Diagnosis of Parkinson's Disease

ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE

Diagnosis of Alzheimer's

Pathophysiology of Alzheimer's

Oxidative Stress-Induced β-amyloid Cyto-toxicity

Oxidative Stress and Tau Pathology

Prospects for Therapy

HUNTINGTON'S

Oxidant Stress

Pathogenesis and Symptoms

Huntington's Genetics

Future Therapy Prospects

Oxidant Stress: Cardiovascular and Lung Disease, Exercise, and Aging

Normal Level of Oxidative Stress

OXIDATIVE STRESS AND CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE

OXIDANT STRESS AND LUNG DISEASE

Acute Lung Injury and Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Particulates and Smoking

Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia in Premature Infants

OXIDANT STRESS, EXERCISE AND AGING

Oxygen Radical Formation During Exercise

OXIDANT STRESS AND AGING

Oxygen: The Future

FRONTIER OF PHYSICS, CHEMISTRY AND BIOLOGY OF OXYGEN

Areas Ripe for New Discoveries

RECREATIONAL USES OF OXYGEN

Decompression

OXYGEN AS THERAPY

OXYGEN: UNDERSEA HABITATS AND UNDERSEA CITIES

Underwater Hotel

Underwater Mining

SIMULATION ON EARTH: BIOSPHERE 2

ARTIFICIAL PHOTOSYNTHESIS

MICROMOTORS PROPELLED BY OXYGEN BUBBLES

OXYGEN AND OUTER SPACE COLONIES.

OXYGEN AND LONGEVITY

SUBJECT INDEX.

Notes:

Includes bibliographical references and index.

Description based on online resource; title from PDF title page (ebrary, viewed April 25, 2017).

ISBN:

9781681084251

1681084252

OCLC:

982451040