Solid state physics : from the material properties of solids to nanotechnologies / David Schmool.

Format:

Book

Author/Creator:

Schmool, David, author.

Series:

Essentials of physics series.

Essentials of Physics Series

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Solid state physics.

Physical Description:

1 online resource (490 pages).

Edition:

1st ed.

Place of Publication:

Dulles, Virginia ; Boston, [Massachusetts] ; New Delhi, [India] : Mercury Learning and Information, 2017.

Summary:

This broad introduction to some of the principal areas of the physical phenomena in solid materials includes the electronic, mechanical, magnetic and optical properties of all materials. These subjects are treated in depth and provide the reader with the tools necessary for an understanding of the varied phenomena of materials. Particular emphasis is given to the reaction of materials to specific stimuli, such as the application of electric and magnetic fields. The final chapter of the book provides a broad introduction to nanotechnologies and uses some of the main tools of solid state physics to explain the behavior of nanomaterials and why they are of importance for future technologies.

Contents:

Front Matter

Half Title Page

License Page

Title Page

Copyright Page

Contents Page

Preface

Body Matter

Chapter 1 Introduction to Solid State Physics

1.1 Introduction

1.2 Electronic Structure of the Atom

1.2.1 Electron Orbits

1.2.2 The Bohr Model of the Atom

1.2.3 Electron Filling, Quantum Theory and Quantum Numbers

1.3 The Periodic Table

1.4 Interatomic Bonding

1.4.1 Ionic Bonding

1.4.2 Covalent Bonding

1.4.3 Mixed Covalent and Lonic Bonding

1.4.4 Metallic Bonding

1.4.5 Hydrogen Bonding

1.4.6 Van der Waals Bonding

1.5 Summary

References and Further Reading

Basic Texts

Advanced Texts

Exercises

Notes

Chapter 2 Crystallinity in Solids

2.1 Introduction

2.2 Aspects of Symmetry in Crystalline Materials

2.2.1 Translational Symmetry

2.2.2 The Basis and the Unit Cell

2.2.3 Elements of Symmetry

2.3 Bravais Lattices

2.4 Crystal Planes and Axes: The Miller Indices

2.5 Common Crystalline Structures

2.6 Atomic Packing

2.7 Summary

Note

Chapter 3 Crystal Structure Determination

3.1 Introduction

3.2 The Reciprocal Lattice

3.3 Diffraction of Waves by Crystals

3.3.1 Bragg's Law

3.3.2 The Von Laue Approach

3.3.3 Reconciling the Bragg and von Laue Approaches

3.3.4 The Ewald Sphere Construction

3.4 The Atomic Form Factor

3.5 The Structure Factor

3.6 Diffraction Methods for Structure Determination

3.6.1 X-Ray Diffraction

3.6.2 Electron Diffraction

3.6.3 Neutron Diffraction

3.7 Summary

Chapter 4 Imperfections in Crystalline Order

4.1 Introduction

4.2 Point Defects

4.2.1 Types of Point Defect

4.2.2 Thermodynamics of Defect Density.

4.2.3 Diffusion in Crystals

4.2.4 Color Centers

4.3 Dislocations

4.3.1 Edge Dislocations

4.3.2 Screw Dislocations

4.3.3 The Burgers Vector

4.3.4 Dislocations and Mechanical Properties of Solids

4.3.5 Dislocation Energy

4.3.6 Interactions between Dislocations

4.4 Planar Defects

4.4.1 Grain Boundaries

4.4.2 Tilt Boundaries

4.4.3 Twin Boundaries

4.5 Non-Crystalline Materials

4.6 Summary

Chapter 5 Lattice Vibrations

5.1 Introduction

5.2 Vibrational Modes of a Monatomic Lattice

5.2.1 One-Dimensional Chain

5.2.2 Extension to Three-Dimensions

5.2.3 Number of Modes: Density of States

5.3 Vibrational Modes of a Diatomic 1D Lattice

5.4 Thermal Properties of Solids

5.4.1 Classical Specific Heat: Dulong and Petit's Law

5.4.2 Einstein's Model

5.4.3 The Debye Model

5.5 Anharmonic Effects

5.5.1 Thermal Expansion

5.5.2 Thermal Conduction

5.5.3 Umklapp Processes

5.6 Summary

Chapter 6 Free Electrons in Metals

6.1 Introduction

6.2 Metallic Behavior

6.3 The Maxwell - Boltzmann Velocity Distribution

6.4 The Drude Theory

6.5 Fermi - Dirac Statistics of an Electron Gas

6.6 The Sommerfeld Model

6.7 The Density of States

6.8 Specific Heat of an Electron Gas

6.9 Pauli Paramagnetism

6.10 High Frequency Response and Optical Properties

6.11 Summary

Chapter 7 Band Theories of Solids

7.1 Introduction

7.2 The Periodic Potential

7.3 The Bloch Theorem and Functions

7.4 The Schrödinger Equation in a Periodic Potential

7.5 Brillouin Zones and the Fermi Surface.

7.6 The Kronig - Penney Model

7.7 Free Electrons in a Periodic Potential

7.8 The Nearly Free Electron Model

7.9 The Tight - Binding Model

7.10 Other Models: Potentials and Wave-Functions

7.11 Metals, Semiconductors, and Insulators

7.12 Summary

Chapter 8 Electron Dynamics and Transport Phenomena

8.1 Introduction

8.2 Electron Dynamics in Crystals

8.3 The Effective Mass

8.4 The Fermi Surface

8.5 Positive Charge Carriers: Holes

8.6 Drift and Diffusion of Charge Carriers

8.7 Electron Scattering in Bands

8.8 Magnetic Field Effects

8.8.1 The Hall Effect

8.8.2 Cyclotron Resonance

8.8.3 Magnetoresistance

8.8.4 Magnetic Sub-Bands and Oscillatory Phenomena in Solids

8.8.5 The Quantum and Fractional Quantum Hall Effects

8.9 Summary

Chapter 9 Semiconductors

9.1 Introduction

9.2 Semiconducting Materials

9.3 Equilibrium Statistics: Electrons and Holes

9.3.1 Intrinsic Semiconductors

9.3.2 The Law of Mass Action

9.3.3 Extrinsic Semiconductors: Doping

9.3.4 Compensated Semiconductors

9.4 Non-Equilibrium Distributions

9.4.1 Carrier Injection: Injection Levels

9.4.2 Generation and Recombination Processes

9.4.3 The Continuity Equations

9.5 The p - n Junction

9.5.1 Thermal Equilibrium

9.5.2 The Depletion Zone

9.5.3 Junction Capacitance

9.5.4 Current - Voltage Characteristics

9.6 Heterostructures and Quantum Wells

9.7 Summary

Chapter 10 Magnetic Materials and Phenomena

10.1 Introduction

10.2 The Atomic Magnetic Moment

10.2.1 Orbital and Spin Angular Momenta.

10.2.2 Hund's Rules and the Ground State

10.2.3 Moments and Energies

10.3 Diamagnetism

10.4 Paramagnetism

10.4.1 Classical Treatment

10.4.2 Quantum Mechanical Treatment

10.4.3 Van Vleck Paramagnetism

10.5 Interactions, Exchange, and Magnetic Order

10.5.1 Dipolar Interaction

10.5.2 Exchange Interactions

10.6 Ferromagnetic Order

10.6.1 Mean Field Theory

10.6.2 Itinerant Ferromagnetism

10.7 Antiferromagnetic Order

10.8 Ferrimagnetic Order

10.9 Magnetic Anisotropies

10.9.1 Shape Anisotropy

10.9.2 Magnetocrystalline Anisotropy

10.10 Magnetic Domains, Domain Walls, and Hysteresis

10.11 Spin Waves

10.12 Giant Magnetoresistance and Spintronics

10.13 Spin Dynamics

10.14 Summary

Chapter 11 Superconductivity

11.1 Introduction

11.2 Phenomena Related to Superconductivity

11.2.1 Zero-Resistivity/Infinite Conductivity and Persistent Currents

11.2.2 Meissner-Ochsenfeld Effect

11.2.3 Perfect Diamagnetism

11.2.4 Critical Fields and Critical Current

11.3 Thermodynamics of the Superconducting Transition

11.3.1 Phase Stability of the Superconducting State

11.3.2 Heat Capacity of a Superconductor

11.4 The London Equations

11.5 Ginzburg - Landau Model

11.6 Elements of the BCS Theory of Superconductivity

11.6.1 Electron - Phonon Coupling and Cooper Pairs

11.6.2 The BCS Ground State

11.6.3 Outcomes of the BCS Theory

11.7 Josephson Effects

11.8 High-Temperature Superconductors

11.9 Summary

Chapter 12 Dielectric Materials

12.1 Introduction

12.2 Some Basic Properties of Dielectric Materials

12.2.1 Electrical Conductivity

12.2.2 Ionic Conduction.

12.2.3 Dielectric Breakdown

12.3 Electrostatics and the Maxwell Equations

12.4 The Local Field Approximation

12.5 The Dielectric Function

12.5.1 Electronic Polarization

12.5.2 Ionic Polarization

12.5.3 The Total Dielectric Function

12.6 Ferroelectrics

12.7 Piezoelectrics

12.8 Multiferroic Materials

12.9 Optical Properties of Solids

12.9.1 The Wave Equation

12.9.2 Transmission and Reflection Coefficients

12.9.3 Absorption of Electromagnetic Waves

12.9.4 Optical Properties of Dielectrics

12.10 Summary

Basic texts

Advanced texts

Chapter 13 Nanotechnologies and Nanophysics

13.1 Introduction

13.2 The Physics of Surfaces

13.2.1 Surface Structure

13.2.2 Surface Composition and Excitation States

13.3 Low Dimensional Systems

13.4 Electronic and Optical Properties of Nanostructures

13.4.1 Size Reduction and Energy Quantization

13.4.2 Quantum Point Contacts

13.4.3 The Insulating Barrier and Tunnel Junctions

13.4.4 Single Electron Transport: Quantum Dots and Coulomb Blockade

13.4.5 Resonant Tunneling

13.4.6 Single Electron Transistor (SET)

13.4.7 Optical Properties of Nanostructures

13.5 Aspects of Nanomagnetism

13.5.1 Magnetic Length Scales

13.5.2 The Stoner - Wohlfarth Model

13.5.3 Superparamagnetism and Ferromagnetic Nanoparticles

13.5.4 Magnetic Thin Films and Multilayers

13.5.5 Magnetic Nanostructures

13.6 Summary

Back Matter

Appendix A

Appendix B

Appendix C

Index.

Notes:

Includes bibliographical references and index.

Description based on online resource; title from PDF title page (ebrary, viewed July 26, 2017).

ISBN:

9781944534431

1944534431