Photovoltaic modeling handbook / edited by Monika Freunek Müller.

Format:

Book

Contributor:

Müller, Monika Freunek, editor.

Series:

Advances in hydrogen production and storage

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Photovoltaic power generation--Mathematical models.

Photovoltaic power generation.

Physical Description:

1 online resource (301 pages).

Edition:

1st ed.

Place of Publication:

Hoboken, NJ : Scrivener Publishing Wiley, 2018.

Summary:

This book provides the reader with a solid understanding of the fundamental modeling of photovoltaic devices. After the material independent limit of photovoltaic conversion, the readers are introduced to the most well-known theory of "classical" silicon modeling. Based on this, for each of the most important PV materials, their performance under different conditions is modeled. This book also covers different modeling approaches, from very fundamental theoretic investigations to applied numeric simulations based on experimental values. The book concludes wth a chapter on the influence of spectral variations. The information is supported by providing the names of simulation software and basic literature to the field. The information in the book gives the user specific application with a solid background in hand, to judge which materials could be appropriate as well as realistic expectations of the performance the devices could achieve.

Contents:

Cover

Title Page

Copyright Page

Dedication

Contents

Preface

1 Introduction

References

2 Fundamental Limits of Solar Energy Conversion

2.1 Introduction

2.2 The Carnot Efficiency - A Realistic Limit for PV Conversion?

2.3 Solar Cell Absorbers - Converting Heat into Chemical Energy

2.4 No Junction Required - The IV Curve of a Uniform Absorber

2.5 Limiting Efficiency Calculations

2.6 Real Solar Cell Structures

2.7 Beyond the Shockley Queisser Limit

2.8 Summary and Conclusions

Acknowledgement

3 Optical Modeling of Photovoltaic Modules with Ray Tracing Simulations

3.1 Introduction

3.1.1 Terminology

3.2 Basics of Optical Ray Tracing Simulations

3.2.1 Ray Optics

3.2.1.1 Basic Assumptions

3.2.1.2 Absorption of Light

3.2.1.3 Refraction of Light at Interfaces

3.2.1.4 Modeling of Thin Films

3.2.2 Ray Tracing

3.2.3 Monte-Carlo Particle Tracing

3.2.4 Statistical Uncertainty of Monte-Carlo Results

3.2.5 Generating Random Numbers with Non-Uniform Distributions

3.3 Modeling Illumination

3.3.1 Basic Light Sources

3.3.2 Modeling Realistic Illumination Conditions

3.3.2.1 Preprocessing of Irradiance Data

3.3.2.2 Implementation for Ray Tracing

3.3.2.3 Application Example

3.4 Specific Issues for Ray Tracing of Photovoltaic Modules

3.4.1 Geometries and Symmetries in PV Devices

3.4.2 Multi-Domain Approach

3.4.2.1 Module Domain

3.4.2.2 Front Finger Domain

3.4.2.3 Front Texture Domain

3.4.2.4 Rear Side Domains

3.4.3 Post Processing of Simulation Results

3.4.4 Ray Tracing Application Examples

3.4.4.1 Validation of Simulation Results

3.4.4.2 Optical Loss Analysis: From Cell to Module

3.4.4.3 Bifacial Solar Cells and Modules

3.5 From Optics to Power Output.

3.5.1 Calculation Chain: From Ray Tracing to Module Power Output

3.5.1.1 Inclusion of the Irradiation Spectrum

3.5.1.2 Calculation of Module Output Power

3.5.1.3 Outlook: Energy Yield Calculation

3.5.2 Application Examples

3.5.2.1 Calculation of Short Circuit Current and Power Output

3.5.2.2 Current Loss Analysis: Standard Testing Conditions vs. Field Conditions

3.6 Overview of Optical Simulation Tools for PV Devices

3.6.1 Analysis of Solar Cells

3.6.2 Analysis of PV Modules and Their Surrounding

3.6.3 Further Tools Which Are not Publicly Available

Acknowledgments

4 Optical Modelling and Simulations of Thin-Film Silicon Solar Cells

4.1 Introduction

4.2 Approaches of Optical Modelling

4.2.1 One-Dimensional Optical Modelling

4.2.2 Two- and Three-Dimensional Rigorous Optical Modelling

4.2.3 Challenges in Optical Modelling

4.3 Selected Methods and Approaches

4.3.1 Finite Element Method

4.3.2 Coupled Modelling Approach

4.4 Examples of Optical Modelling and Simulations

4.4.1 Texture Optimization Applying Spatial Fourier Analysis

4.4.2 Model of Non-Conformal Layer Growth

4.4.3 Optical Simulations of Tandem Thin-Film Silicon Solar Cell

4.5 The Role of Illumination Spectrum

4.6 Conclusion

5 Modelling of Organic Photovoltaics

5.1 Introduction to Organic Photovoltaics

5.2 Performance of Organic Photovoltaics

5.3 Charge Transport in Organic Semiconductors

5.4 Energetic Disorder in Organic Semiconductors

5.5 Morphology of Organic Materials

5.6 Considerations for Photovoltaics

5.6.1 Excitons in Organic Semiconductors

5.6.2 Optical Absorption in Organic Photovoltaics

5.6.3 Carrier Harvesting in Organic Photovoltaics

5.7 Simulation Methods of Organic Photovoltaics.

5.7.1 Lattice Morphologies and Device Geometry

5.7.2 Gaussian Disorder Model

5.7.3 Kinetic Monte Carlo Methods

5.7.4 Electrostatic Interactions

5.7.5 Neighbour Lists

5.8 Considerations When Modelling Organic Photovoltaics

5.8.1 The Next Steps for OPV Modelling

Acknowledgements

6 Modeling the Device Physics of Chalcogenide Thin Film Solar Cells

6.1 Introduction

6.2 Kosyachenko's Approach: Carrier Transport

6.3 Demtsu-Sites Approach: Double-Diode Model

6.4 Kosyachenko's Approach: Optical Loss Modeling

6.5 Karpov's Approach

6.6 Conclusion

7 Temperature and Irradiance Dependent Efficiency Model for GaInP-GaInAs-Ge Multijunction Solar Cells

7.1 Motivation

7.2 Efficiency Model

7.3 Results and Discussion

7.4 Conclusions

7.5 Acknowledgments

Appendix: Shockley-Queisser-Modell Calculations

8 Variation of Output with Environmental Factors

8.1 Conversion Efficiency and Standard Test Conditions (STC)

8.2 Variation of I-V curve with Each Environmental Factor

8.2.1 Irradiance

8.2.2 Cell Temperature

8.2.3 Spectral Response

8.3 Example of Measurement of Spectral Distribution of Solar Radiation

8.3.1 Example of Changes with Weather

8.3.2 Spectral Variation with Season

8.3.3 Effect of Variation in Spectral Solar Radiation

8.4 Irradiance

8.5 Effects on Performance of PV Modules/Cells

8.5.1 System Configurations and Measurements

8.5.2 Evaluation Methods

8.5.2.1 Performance Ratio

8.5.2.2 Effective Array Peak Power of PV Systems

8.5.3 Measurement Results

8.5.3.1 Performance Ratios

8.5.3.2 Degradation Rates

8.6 Cell Temperature

8.6.1 Output Energy by Temperature Coefficient

8.6.2 Output Energy with Different Installation Method

8.7 Results for Concentrated Photovoltaics.

8.7.1 Introduction

8.7.2 Field Test of a CPV Module

8.7.3 Decline of Efficiency of the Early-Type CPV Module

8.7.4 Influences of the Degradation

9 Modeling of Indoor Photovoltaic Devices

9.1 Introduction

9.1.1 Brief History of IPV

9.1.2 Characteristics of IPV Modeling

9.2 Indoor Radiation

9.2.1 Modeling Indoor Spectral Irradiance

9.3 Maximum Efficiencies

9.3.1 Intensity Effects

9.4 Demonstrated Efficiencies and Further Optimization

9.5 Characterization and Measured Efficiencies

9.5.1 Irradiance Measurements

9.6 Outlook

9.7 Acknowledgement

10 Modelling Hysteresis in Perovskite Solar Cells

10.1 Introduction to Perovskite Solar Cells

Index

EULA.

Notes:

Includes bibliographical references and index.

Description based on print version record.

ISBN:

9781119364191

1119364191

9781119364214

1119364213

9781119364207

1119364205

OCLC:

1048787916