Microgrid planning and design : a concise guide / Hassan Farhangi, Geza Joos.

Format:

Book

Author/Creator:

Farhangi, Hassan, author.

Joós, Géza, author.

Contributor:

IEEE Xplore (Online service), distributor.

Wiley, publisher.

Series:

THEi Wiley ebooks.

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Microgrids (Smart power grids).

Physical Description:

1 online resource (253 pages)

Edition:

1st ed.

Place of Publication:

Hoboken, New Jersey : Wiley-IEEE Press, 2019.

System Details:

Access using campus network via VPN at home (THEi Users Only).

Summary:

A practical guide to microgrid systems architecture, design topologies, control strategies and integration approaches Microgrid Planning and Design offers a detailed and authoritative guide to microgrid systems. The authors - noted experts on the topic - explore what is involved in the design of a microgrid, examine the process of mapping designs to accommodate available technologies and reveal how to determine the efficacy of the final outcome. This practical book is a compilation of collaborative research results drawn from a community of experts in 8 different universities over a 6-year period. Microgrid Planning and Design contains a review of microgrid benchmarks for the electric power system and covers the mathematical modeling that can be used during the microgrid design processes. The authors include real-world case studies, validated benchmark systems and the components needed to plan and design an effective microgrid system. This important guide: * Offers a practical and up-to-date book that examines leading edge technologies related to the smart grid * Covers in detail all aspects of a microgrid from conception to completion * Explores a modeling approach that combines power and communication systems * Recommends modeling details that are appropriate for the type of study to be performed * Defines typical system studies and requirements associated with the operation of the microgrid Written forgraduate students and professionals in the electrical engineering industry, Microgrid Planning and Design is a guide to smart microgrids that can help with their strategic energy objectives such as increasing reliability, efficiency, autonomy and reducing greenhouse gases.

Contents:

Cover

Title Page

Copyright

Contents

About the Authors

Disclaimer

List of Figures

List of Tables

Foreword

Preface

Acknowledgments

Acronyms and Abbreviations

Chapter 1 Introduction

1.1 Why Microgrid Research Requires a Network Approach

1.2 NSERC Smart MicroGrid Network (NSMG‐Net) - The Canadian Experience

1.3 Research Platform

1.4 Research Program and Scope

1.5 Research Themes in Smart Microgrids

1.5.1 Theme 1: Operation, Control, and Protection of Smart Microgrids

1.5.1.1 Topic 1.1: Control, Operation, and Renewables for Remote Smart Microgrids

1.5.1.2 Topic 1.2: Distributed Control, Hybrid Control, and Power Management for Smart Microgrids

1.5.1.3 Topic 1.3: Status Monitoring, Disturbance Detection, Diagnostics, and Protection for Smart Microgrids

1.5.1.4 Topic 1.4: Operational Strategies and Storage Technologies to Address Barriers for Very High Penetration of DG Units in Smart Microgrids

1.5.2 Theme 2 Overview: Smart Microgrid Planning, Optimization, and Regulatory Issues

1.5.2.1 Topic 2.1: Cost-Benefits Framework - Secondary Benefits and Ancillary Services

1.5.2.2 Topic 2.2: Energy and Supply Security Considerations

1.5.2.3 Topic 2.3: Demand Response Technologies and Strategies - Energy Management and Metering

1.5.2.4 Topic 2.4: Integration Design Guidelines and Performance Metrics - Study Cases

1.5.3 Theme 3: Smart Microgrid Communication and Information Technologies

1.5.3.1 Topic 3.1: Universal Communication Infrastructure

1.5.3.2 Topic 3.2: Grid Integration Requirements, Standards, Codes, and Regulatory Considerations

1.5.3.3 Topic 3.3: Distribution Automation Communications: Sensors, Condition Monitoring, and Fault Detection

1.5.3.4 Topic 3.4: Integrated Data Management and Portals

1.6 Microgrid Design Process and Guidelines.

1.7 Microgrid Design Objectives

1.8 Book Organization

Chapter 2 Microgrid Benchmarks

2.1 Campus Microgrid

2.1.1 Campus Microgrid Description

2.1.2 Campus Microgrid Subsystems

2.1.2.1 Components and Subsystems

2.1.2.2 Automation and Instrumentation

2.2 Utility Microgrid

2.2.1 Description

2.2.2 Utility Microgrid Subsystems

2.3 CIGRE Microgrid

2.3.1 CIGRE Microgrid Description

2.3.2 CIGRE Microgrid Subsystems

2.3.2.1 Load

2.3.2.2 Flexibility

2.4 Benchmarks Selection Justification

Chapter 3 Microgrid Elements and Modeling

3.1 Load Model

3.1.1 Current Source Based

3.1.2 Grid‐Tie Inverter Based

3.2 Power Electronic Converter Models

3.3 PV Model

3.4 Wind Turbine Model

3.5 Multi‐DER Microgrids Modeling

3.6 Energy Storage System Model

3.7 Electronically Coupled DER (EC‐DER) Model

3.8 Synchronous Generator Model

3.9 Low Voltage Networks Model

3.10 Distributed Slack Model

3.11 VVO/CVR Modeling

Chapter 4 Analysis and Studies Using Recommended Models

4.1 Energy Management Studies

4.2 Voltage Control Studies

4.3 Frequency Control Studies

4.4 Transient Stability Studies

4.5 Protection Coordination and Selectivity Studies

4.6 Economic Feasibility Studies

4.6.1 Benefits Identification

4.6.2 Reduced Energy Cost

4.6.3 Reliability Improvement

4.6.4 Investment Deferral

4.6.5 Power Fluctuation

4.6.6 Improved Efficiency

4.6.7 Reduced Emission

4.7 Vehicle‐to‐Grid (V2G) Impact Studies

4.8 DER Sizing of Microgrids

4.9 Ancillary Services Studies

4.10 Power Quality Studies

4.11 Simulation Studies and Tools

Chapter 5 Control, Monitoring, and Protection Strategies

5.1 Enhanced Control Strategy - Level 1 Function

5.1.1 Current‐Control Scheme

5.1.2 Voltage Regulation Scheme

5.1.3 Frequency Regulation Scheme.

5.1.4 Enhanced Control Strategy Under Network Faults

5.2 Decoupled Control Strategy - Level 1 Function

5.3 Electronically Coupled Distributed Generation Control Loops - Level 1 Function

5.3.1 Voltage Regulation

5.3.2 Frequency Regulation

5.4 Energy Storage System Control Loops - Level 1 Function

5.4.1 Voltage Regulation

5.4.2 Frequency Regulation

5.5 Synchronous Generator (SG) Control Loops - Level 1 Function

5.5.1 Voltage Regulation

5.5.2 Frequency Regulation

5.6 Control of Multiple Source Microgrid - Level 1 Function

5.7 Fault Current Limiting Control Strategy - Level 1 Function

5.8 Mitigating the Impact on Protection System - Level 1 Function

5.9 Adaptive Control Strategy - Level 2 Function

5.10 Generalized Control Strategy - Level 2 Function

5.11 Multi‐DER Control - Level 2 Function

5.12 Centralized Microgrid Controller Functions - Level 3 Function

5.13 Protection and Control Requirements

5.14 Communication‐Assisted Protection and Control

5.15 Fault Current Control of DER

5.16 Load Monitoring for Microgrid Control - Level 3 Function

5.17 Interconnection Transformer Protection

5.18 Volt‐VAR Optimization Control - Level 3 Function

Chapter 6 Information and Communication Systems

6.1 IT and Communication Requirements in a Microgrid

6.1.1 HAN Communications

6.1.2 LAN Communications

6.1.3 WAN Communications

6.2 Technological Options for Communication Systems

6.2.1 Cellular/Radio Frequency

6.2.2 Cable/DSL

6.2.3 Ethernet

6.2.4 Fiber Optic SONET/SDH and E/GPON over Fiber Optic Links

6.2.5 Microwave

6.2.6 Power Line Communication

6.2.7 WiFi (IEEE 802.11)

6.2.8 WiMAX (IEEE 802.16)

6.2.9 ZigBee

6.3 IT and Communication Design Examples

6.3.1 Universal Communication Infrastructure.

6.3.2 Grid Integration Requirements, Standard, Codes, and Regulatory Considerations

6.3.2.1 Recommended Signaling Scheme and Capacity Limit of PLC Under Bernoulli‐Gaussian Impulsive Noise

6.3.2.2 Studying and Developing Relevant Networking Techniques for an Efficient and Reliable Smart Grid Communication Network (SGCN)

6.3.3 Distribution Automation

6.3.3.1 Apparent Power Signature Based Islanding Detection

6.3.3.2 ZigBee in Electricity Substations

6.3.4 Integrated Data Management and Portals

6.3.4.1 The Multi Agent Volt‐VAR Optimization (VVO) Engine

Chapter 7 Power and Communication Systems

7.1 Example of Real‐Time Systems Using the IEC 61850 Communication Protocol

Chapter 8 System Studies and Requirements

8.1 Data and Specification Requirements

8.1.1 Topology‐Related Characteristics

8.1.2 Demand‐Related Characteristics

8.1.3 Economics‐ and Environment‐Related Characteristics

8.2 Microgrid Design Criteria

8.2.1 Reliability and Resilience

8.2.1.1 Reliability

8.2.1.2 Resilience

8.2.2 DER Technologies

8.2.2.1 Electric Storage Systems

8.2.2.2 Photovoltaic Solar Power

8.2.2.3 Wind Power

8.2.3 DER Sizing

8.2.4 Load Prioritization

8.2.5 Microgrid Operational States

8.2.5.1 Grid‐connected Mode

8.2.5.2 Transition to Islanded Mode

8.2.5.3 Islanded Mode

8.2.5.4 Transition to Grid‐connected Mode

8.3 Design Standards and Application Guides

8.3.1 ANSI/NEMA

8.3.2 IEEE

8.3.3 UL

8.3.4 NEC

8.3.5 IEC

8.3.6 CIGRE

Chapter 9 Sample Case Studies for Real‐Time Operation

9.1 Operational Planning Studies

9.2 Economic and Technical Feasibility Studies

9.3 Policy and Regulatory Framework Studies

9.4 Power‐Quality Studies

9.5 Stability Studies

9.6 Microgrid Design Studies

9.7 Communication and SCADA System Studies.

9.8 Testing and Evaluation Studies

9.9 Example Studies

Chapter 10 Microgrid Use Cases

10.1 Energy Management System Functional Requirements Use Case

10.2 Protection

10.3 Intentional Islanding

Chapter 11 Testing and Case Studies

11.1 EMS Economic Dispatch

11.1.1 Applicable Design on the Campus Microgrid

11.1.2 Design Guidelines

11.1.3 Multi‐Objective Optimization - Example

11.1.3.1 System Description

11.1.3.2 Optimization Formulation

11.1.4 Results and Discussion

11.1.4.1 Comparison to Existing Campus DEMS

11.1.4.2 Business Case Overview

11.2 Voltage and Reactive Power Control

11.2.1 VVO/CVR Architecture

11.3 Microgrid Anti‐Islanding

11.3.1 Test System

11.3.1.1 Distribution System

11.3.1.2 Inverter System

11.3.2 Tests Performed and Results

11.3.2.1 Nuisance Tripping

11.3.2.2 Islanding

11.4 Real‐Time Testing

11.4.1 Hardware‐In‐The‐Loop Real Time Test Bench

11.4.2 Real‐Time System Using IEC 61850 Communication Protocol

Chapter 12 Conclusion

12.1 Challenges and Methodologies

12.1.1 Theme 1 - Operation, Control, and Protection of Smart Microgrids

12.1.1.1 Topic 1.1 - Control, Operation, and Renewables for Remote Smart Microgrids

12.1.1.2 Topic 1.2 - Distributed Control, Hybrid Control, and Power Management for Smart Microgrids

12.1.1.3 Topic 1.3 - Status Monitoring, Disturbance Detection, Diagnostics, and Protection for Smart Microgrids

12.1.1.4 Topic 1.4 - Operational Strategies and Storage Technologies to Address Barriers for Very High Penetration of DG Units in Smart Microgrids

12.1.2 Theme 2: Smart Microgrid Planning, Optimization, and Regulatory Issues

12.1.2.1 Topic 2.1 Cost‐Benefits Framework - Secondary Benefits and Ancillary Services

12.1.2.2 Topic 2.2 Energy and Supply Security Considerations.

12.1.2.3 Topic 2.3 Demand‐Response Technologies and Strategies - Energy Management and Metering.

Notes:

Description based on print version record.

ISBN:

9781119453550

9781119453543

1119453542

9781119453536

1119453534

OCLC:

1090013443