Geothermal energy : sustainable heating and cooling using the ground / Marc A. Rosen and Seama Koohi-Fayegh.

Format:

Book

Author/Creator:

Rosen, Marc (Marc A.), author.

Koohi-Fayegh, Seama, 1983- author.

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Ground source heat pump systems.

Physical Description:

1 online resource (308 pages) : illustrations (some color), tables

Edition:

1st ed.

Place of Publication:

Chichester, England : Wiley, 2017.

Summary:

Comprehensively covers geothermal energy systems that utilize ground energy in conjunction with heat pumps to provide sustainable heating and cooling The book describes geothermal energy systems that utilize ground energy in conjunction with heat pumps and related technologies to provide heating and cooling. Also discussed are methods to model and assess such systems, as well as means to determine potential environmental impacts of geothermal energy systems and their thermal interaction. The book presents the most up-to-date information in the area. It provides material on a range of topics, from thermodynamic concepts to more advanced discussions of the renewability and sustainability of geothermal energy systems. Numerous applications of such systems are also provided. Geothermal Energy: Sustainable Heating and Cooling Using the Ground takes a research orientated approach to provide coverage of the state of the art and emerging trends, and includes numerous illustrative examples and case studies. Theory and analysis are emphasized throughout, with detailed descriptions of models available for vertical and horizontal geothermal heat exchangers. Key features: * Explains geothermal energy systems that utilize ground energy in conjunction with heat pumps to provide heating and cooling, as well as related technologies such as thermal energy storage. * Describes and discusses methods to model and analyze geothermal energy systems, and to determine their potential environmental impacts and thermal interactions. * Covers various applications of geothermal energy systems. * Takes a research orientated approach to provide coverage of the state of the art and emerging trends. * Includes numerous illustrative examples and case studies. The book is key for researchers and practitioners working in geothermal energy, as well as graduate and advanced undergraduate students in departments of mechanical, civil, chemical, energy, environmental, process and industrial engineering.

Contents:

Cover

Title Page

Copyright

Dedication

Contents

Preface

About the Authors

Acknowledgments

Nomenclature

Chapter 1 Introduction to Geothermal Energy

1.1 Features of Geothermal Energy

1.2 Geothermal Energy Systems

1.3 Outline of the Book

References

Chapter 2 Fundamentals

2.1 Introduction

2.2 Thermodynamics

2.2.1 Thermodynamic System, Process and Cycle

2.2.2 Thermodynamic Property

2.2.3 State and Phase

2.2.4 Properties

2.2.5 Sensible and Latent Processes

2.2.6 Ideal and Real Gases

2.2.7 Energy and Power

2.2.8 The Laws of Thermodynamics

2.2.9 Reversibility and Irreversibility

2.2.10 Exergy and Exergy Analysis

2.3 Heat Transfer

2.3.1 Exchange of Heat

2.3.2 Modes of Heat Transfer

2.3.3 Conduction

2.3.4 Convection

2.3.5 Radiation

2.3.6 Heat Transfer for Selected Simple Geometries

2.4 Fluid Mechanics

2.4.1 Fluid Flow

2.4.2 Governing Equations

2.4.3 Pipe Flow

2.4.4 Boundary Layer

2.5 The Nature of the Ground

2.5.1 Ground Composition

2.5.2 Groundwater

2.5.3 Ground Temperature Variations

2.5.4 Soil Microbial Communities

Chapter 3 Background and Technologies

3.1 Introduction

3.2 Heat Pumps

3.3 Heat Exchangers

3.4 Heating, Ventilating, and Air Conditioning

3.5 Energy Storage

Chapter 4 Underground Thermal Energy Storage

4.1 Introduction

4.2 Thermal Energy Storage Methods

4.2.1 Fundamentals

4.2.2 Advantages of Thermal Energy Storage

4.2.3 Thermal Energy Storage Operation and Performance

4.2.4 Thermal Energy Storage Types

4.2.5 Thermal Energy Quality and Thermal Energy Storage Stratification

4.2.6 Thermal Energy Storage Economics

4.2.7 Thermal Energy Storage Design, Selection, and Testing

4.2.8 Thermal Energy Storage Markets and Applications.

4.2.9 Comparison of Thermal Energy Storage Types

4.3 Underground Thermal Storage Methods and Systems

4.3.1 Types and Characteristics of Underground Thermal Energy Storage

4.3.2 Example: Residential Heating Using Underground Thermal Energy Storage

4.4 Integration of Thermal Energy Storage with Heat Pumps

4.4.1 Applications of Heat Pumps with Thermal Energy Storage

4.4.2 Benefits of Integrating Heat Pumps with Thermal Energy Storage for Heating

4.4.3 Benefits of Integrating Heat Pumps with Thermal Energy Storage for Cooling

4.4.4 Multi-Season Integration of Heat Pumps with Thermal Energy Storage for Heating and Cooling

4.4.5 Example: Institutional Heating and Cooling Using Heat Pumps and Thermal Energy Storage

4.5 Closing Remarks

Chapter 5 Geothermal Heating and Cooling

5.1 Ground-Source Heat Pumps

5.2 Geothermal Heat Exchangers

5.2.1 Low-Temperature Geothermal Heat Exchangers

5.2.2 High-Temperature Geothermal Systems

Chapter 6 Design Considerations and Installation

6.1 Sensitivity to Ground Thermal Conductivity

6.2 Thermal Response Test

6.2.1 Test Setup

6.2.2 Mathematical Model

6.3 Building Energy Calculations

6.3.1 Weather Data

6.3.2 Building Considerations

6.3.3 Heat Pump Considerations

6.3.4 Load Calculations

6.3.5 Ground Heat Injection and Extraction

6.4 Economics

6.4.1 Economic Analysis of a Ground-Source Heat Pump for Heating and Cooling a Single Building

6.4.2 Comparison of Economics of a Ground-Source Heat Pump and an Air-Source Heat Pump

6.5 Standards

Chapter 7 Modeling Ground Heat Exchangers

7.1 General Aspects of Modeling

7.1.1 Modeling Ground Surface Boundary Conditions

7.1.2 Moisture Migration in Soil

7.1.3 Groundwater Movement

7.2 Analytical Models

7.2.1 Heat Transfer Inside the Borehole.

7.2.2 Heat Transfer Outside the Borehole

7.3 Numerical Modeling

7.3.1 Modeling Vertical Ground Heat Exchangers

7.3.2 Modeling Horizontal Ground Heat Exchangers

7.4 Closing Remarks

Chapter 8 Ground Heat Exchanger Modeling Examples

8.1 Semi-Analytical Modeling of Two Boreholes

8.1.1 Physical Domain

8.1.2 Assumptions

8.1.3 Method

8.2 Numerical Modeling of Two Boreholes

8.2.1 Physical Domain

8.2.2 Governing Equations

8.2.3 Borehole Fluid Region

8.2.4 Grout Region

8.2.5 Ground Region

8.2.6 Physical Parameters and Geometric Specifications

8.2.7 Numerical Solver

8.2.8 Grid

8.2.9 Discretization

8.2.10 Pressure-Based Solver

8.2.11 Initial and Boundary Conditions

8.2.12 User Defined Function

8.2.13 Summary

8.3 Numerical Modeling of a Borefield

8.3.1 Physical Domain

8.3.2 Boundary Conditions

8.3.3 Model Limitations

8.4 Numerical Modeling of a Horizontal Ground Heat Exchanger

8.4.1 Physical Domain

8.4.2 Numerical Solver

8.4.3 Assumptions

8.4.4 Performance Evaluation Method

8.4.5 Performance Analysis of the Ground-Source Heat Pump System

8.4.6 Summary

8.5 Model Comparison

Chapter 9 Thermodynamic Analysis

9.1 Introduction

9.2 Analysis of an Underground Thermal Energy Storage System

9.2.1 Energy and Exergy Analyses

9.2.2 Assumptions and Simplifications

9.2.3 Results and Discussion

9.3 Analysis of a Ground-Source Heat Pump System

9.3.1 System Description and Operation

9.3.2 Analyses

9.3.3 Analyses of Overall System

9.3.4 Performance

9.4 Analysis of a System Integrating Ground-Source Heat Pumps and Underground Thermal Storage

9.4.1 Rationale for Using a System Integrating Ground-Source Heat Pumps and Thermal Storage.

9.4.2 Description of a System Integrating Ground-Source Heat Pumps and Thermal Storage

9.4.3 Cooling Mode Operating Data of a System Integrating Ground-Source Heat Pumps and Thermal Storage

9.4.4 Analysis of a System Integrating Ground-Source Heat Pumps and Thermal Storage

Chapter 10 Environmental Factors

10.1 Introduction

10.2 Environmental Benefits

10.3 Environmental Impacts

10.3.1 Environmental Assessment of a Horizontal Ground Heat Exchanger

10.3.2 Environmental Assessment of a Borefield

Chapter 11 Renewability and Sustainability

11.1 Introduction

11.2 Renewability of Ground-Source Heat Pumps

11.3 Sustainability of Ground-Source Heat Pumps

11.3.1 Thermal Interaction between Ground-Source Heat Pumps

Chapter 12 Case Studies

12.1 Introduction

12.2 Thermal Energy Storage in Ground for Heating and Cooling

12.2.1 System Description

12.2.2 System Operation

12.2.3 System Advantages

12.2.4 System Disadvantages

12.3 Underground and Water Tank Thermal Energy Storage for Heating

12.3.1 Location

12.3.2 Description of the Drake Landing Solar Community

12.3.3 Community Energy System

12.3.4 Operation of Energy System

12.3.5 Technical Performance

12.3.6 Economic Performance

12.4 Space Conditioning with Heat Pump and Seasonal Thermal Storage

12.4.1 Description of System

12.4.2 System Operation

12.4.3 Technical Performance

12.4.4 Economic Performance

12.4.5 Environmental Performance

12.5 Integrated System with Ground-Source Heat Pump, Thermal Storage, and District Energy

12.5.1 Nature of the Integration

12.5.2 Local Ground Conditions

12.5.3 Design of Borehole Thermal Energy Storage System

12.5.4 Borefield Drilling

12.5.5 Borehole Heat Exchanger Installation.

12.5.6 Integration of Ground-Source Heat Pumps and Heating, Ventilating, and Air Conditioning

12.5.7 Techno-Economic Performance

12.6 Closed-Loop Geothermal District Energy System

12.6.1 System Description

12.6.2 Efficiency

12.6.3 Economics

12.6.4 Environmental Benefits

12.7 Closing Remarks

Appendix A Numerical Discretization

Reference

Appendix B Sensitivity Analyses

B.1 Parameters Affecting Thermal Interactions between Multiple Boreholes

B.2 Validation of the Two-Dimensional Numerical Solution with a Three-Dimensional Solution

B.3 Heat Flux Variation along Borehole Length

Index

EULA.

Notes:

Includes bibliographical references at the end of each chapters and index.

Description based on print version record.

ISBN:

9781119181019

1119181011

9781119181033

1119181038

9781119181002

1119181003

OCLC:

960905886