UHMWPE biomaterials handbook : ultra high molecular weight polyethylene in total joint replacement and medical devices / edited by Steven M. Kurtz, PhD ; acquisition editor Dave Jackson ; designer Mark Rogers ; contributors Mazen Al-Hajjar [and fifty two others].

Format:

Book

Contributor:

Kurtz, Steven M., editor.

Jackson, Dave, editor.

Rogers, Mark, designer.

Al-Hajjar, Mazen, contributor.

Series:

Plastics Design Library

Standardized Title:

UHMWPE handbook

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Artificial joints.

Joints--Surgery.

Prosthesis.

Arthroplasty.

Polyethylene--Therapeutic use.

Physical Description:

1 online resource (0 p.)

Edition:

3rd ed.

Place of Publication:

Amsterdam, [Netherlands] : William Andrew, 2016.

Language Note:

English

Summary:

UHMWPE Biomaterials Handbook, Third Edition, describes the science, development, properties, and application of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) used in artificial joints. UHMWPE is now the material of choice for joint replacements, and is increasingly being used in fibers for sutures. This book is a one-stop reference for information on this advanced material, covering both introductory topics and the most advanced developments.The third edition adds six new chapters on a range of topics, including the latest in anti-oxidant technologies for stabilizing HXLPE and up-to-date systematic reviews of the clinical literature for HXLPE in hips and knees. The book chronicles the rise and fall of all-metal hip implants, as well as the increased use of ceramic biomaterials and UHMWPE for this application. This book also brings orthopedic researchers and practitioners up to date on the stabilization of UHMWPE with antioxidants, as well as the choices of antioxidant available for practitioners.The book also thoroughly assesses the clinical performance of HXLPE, as well as alternative bearings in knee replacement and UHMWPE articulations with polyether ether ketone (PEEK).Written and edited by the top experts in the field of UHMWPE, this is the only state-of-the-art reference for professionals, researchers, and clinicians working with this material.- The only complete reference for professionals, researchers, and clinicians working with ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene biomaterials technologies for joint replacement and implants- New edition includes six new chapters on a wide range of topics, including the clinical performance of highly crosslinked polyethylene (HXLPE) in hip and knee replacement, an overview of antioxidant stabilization for UHMWPE, and the medical applications of UHMWPE fibers- State-of-the-art coverage of the latest UHMWPE technology, orthopedic applications, biomaterial characterization, and engineering aspects from recognized leaders in the field

Contents:

Cover

Title Page

Copyright Page

Dedication

Contents

List of Contributors

Foreword

1 - A Primer on UHMWPE

1.1 - Introduction

1.2 - What is a Polymer?

1.3 - What is Polyethylene?

1.4 - Crystallinity

1.5 - Thermal Transitions

1.6 - Overview of the Handbook

References

2 - From Ethylene Gas to UHMWPE Component: The Process of Producing Orthopedic Implants

2.1 - Introduction

2.2 - Polymerization: from Ethylene Gas to UHMWPE Powder

2.2.1 - GUR Resins

2.2.2 - 1900 Resins

2.2.3 - Molecular Weight

2.2.4 - GUR Versus 1900 Resin

2.2.5 - Calcium Stearate

2.2.6 - DSM Resin

2.3 - Conversion: from UHMWPE Powder to Consolidated Form

2.3.1 - Compression Molding of UHMWPE

2.3.2 - Ram Extrusion of UHMWPE

2.3.3 - Hot Isostatic Pressing (HIP'ing) of ArCom™ UHMWPE

2.3.4 - Direct Compression Molding of UHMWPE

2.3.5 - ArCom

2.3.6 - Properties of Extruded Versus Molded UHMWPE

2.4 - Machining: from Consolidated Form to Implant

2.5 - Conclusions

3 - Packaging and Sterilization of UHMWPE

3.1 - Introduction

3.2 - Gamma Sterilization in Air

3.3 - Gamma Sterilization in Oxygen Barrier Packaging

3.4 - Ethylene Oxide Gas Sterilization

3.5 - Gas Plasma Sterilization

3.6 - The Torino Survey of Contemporary Orthopedic Packaging

3.7 - Shelf-Life of UHMWPE Components for Orthopedic Implants

3.8 - Overview of Current Trends

Acknowledgments

4 - The Origins of UHMWPE in Total Hip Arthroplasty

4.1 - Introduction and Timeline

4.2 - The Origins of a Gold Standard (1958-1982)

4.3 - Charnley's First Hip Arthroplasty Design with PTFE (1958)

4.4 - Implant Fixation with Pink Dental Acrylic Cement (1958-66)

4.5 - Interim Hip Arthroplasty Designs with PTFE (1958-1960)

4.6 - Final Hip Arthroplasty Design with PTFE (1960-1962).

4.7 - Implant Fabrication at Wrightington

4.8 - The First Wear Tester

4.9 - Searching to Replace PTFE

4.10 - UHMWPE Arrives at Wrightington

4.11 - Implant Sterilization Procedures at Wrightington

4.12 - Overview

5 - The Clinical Performance of Historical and Conventional UHMWPE in Hip Replacements

5.1 - Introduction

5.2 - Joint Replacements do not Last Forever

5.3 - Range of Clinical Wear Performance in Cemented Acetabular Components

5.4 - Wear Versus Wear Rate of Hip Replacements

5.5 - Comparison of Wear Rates between Different Clinical Studies

5.6 - Comparison of Wear Rates in Clinical and Retrieval Studies

5.7 - Current Methods for Measuring Clinical Wear in THA

5.8 - Range of Clinical Wear Performance in Modular Acetabular Components

5.9 - Conclusions

6 - The Clinical Performance of Highly Cross-linked UHMWPE in Hip Replacements

6.1 - Introduction

6.2 - What are First- and Second-Generation HXLPEs?

6.2.1 - Early Clinical Experience with HXLPE

6.2.2 - First-Generation HXLPE

6.2.3 - Second-Generation HXLPE

6.3 - Clinical Performance of First-Generation HXLPEs in THA

6.3.1 - Systematic Review of Femoral Head Penetration Studies

6.3.2 - Weighted Average Analysis of Studies Reporting Osteolysis Outcomes

6.3.3 - Long-Term Survivorship

6.4 - Clinical Performance of Second-Generation HXLPEs in THA

6.5 - Summary

7 - Contemporary Total Hip Arthroplasty: Alternative Bearings

7.1 - Introduction

7.2 - Metal-on-Metal (MOM) Alternative Hip Bearings

7.2.1 - Historical Overview of Metal-on-Metal (MOM)

7.2.2 - Contemporary (Second-Generation) Metal-on-Metal Hip Designs

7.2.3 - Metal-on-Metal Hip Resurfacing.

7.2.4 - Potential Biological Risks Associated with MOM Joints

7.3 - Ceramics in Hip Arthroplasty

7.3.1 - Historical Overview of Ceramics in THA

7.3.2 - Ceramic Biomaterials for Hip Arthroplasty

7.3.2.1 - Alumina

7.3.2.2 - Zirconia

7.3.2.3 - Zirconia-Toughened Alumina Matrix Composite (ZTA)

7.3.2.4 - Oxidized Zirconium

7.3.2.5 - Silicon Nitride

7.3.3 - Ceramic-on-Polyethylene (C-PE)

7.3.3.1 - Ceramic with Historical and Conventional UHMWPE

7.3.3.2 - Ceramic on HXLPE

7.3.4 - Contemporary Ceramic-on-Ceramic (COC) Hip Implants

7.3.5 - Differential Hardness Bearings: Ceramic-on-Metal

7.3.6 - Wear Mechanisms in Ceramic Bearings

7.3.7 - in vivo Fracture Risk of Ceramic Components for THA

7.4 - Noise and Squeaking from Hard-on-Hard Bearings

7.5 - Polyether Ether Ketone (PEEK)

7.6 - Polycarbonate Urethane (PCU)

7.7 - Summary

8 - The Origins and Adaptations of UHMWPE for Knee Replacements

8.1 - Introduction

8.2 - Frank Gunston and the Wrightington Connection to TKA

8.3 - Polycentric Knee Arthroplasty

8.4 - Unicondylar Polycentric Knee Arthroplasty

8.5 - Bicondylar Total Knee Arthroplasty

8.5.1 - Cruciate Sparing Bicondylar Prostheses

8.5.2 - The Total Condylar Knee

8.6 - Patellofemoral Arthroplasty

8.7 - UHMWPE with Metal Backing

8.7.1 - Fixed Bearing TKA

8.7.2 - Mobile Bearing TKA

8.8 - Conclusions

9 - The Clinical Performance of UHMWPE in Knee Replacements

9.1 - Introduction

9.2 - Biomechanics of Total Knee Arthroplasty

9.2.1 - Anatomical Considerations

9.2.2 - Knee Joint Loading

9.2.3 - Stresses in UHMWPE Tibial and Patellar Components for TKR

9.3 - Clinical Performance of UHMWPE in Knee Arthroplasty

9.3.1 - Survivorship of Knee Arthroplasty.

9.3.2 - Reasons for Knee Arthroplasty Revision Surgery

9.3.3 - Articulating Surface Damage Modes

9.4 - Osteolysis and Wear in TKA

9.4.1 - Incidence and Significance of Osteolysis in TKA

9.4.2 - Methods to Assess in Vivo Wear in TKA

9.4.3 - Backside Wear

9.4.4 - Damage to Posts in PS Tibial Components

9.5 - Summary

10 - Contemporary Total Knee Arthroplasty: Alternative Bearings

10.1 - Introduction

10.2 - HXLPE in TKA

10.2.1 - Clinical Outcomes of HXLPE in TKA in the Literature

10.2.2 - Survivorship of HXLPE in TKA in Orthopedic Registries

10.3 - Ceramic Bearings in TKA

10.3.1 - Monolithic Ceramic Femoral Components in TKA

10.3.2 - Ceramicized Metal Femoral Components in TKA

10.4 - Summary

11 - The Clinical Performance of UHMWPE in Shoulder Replacements

11.1 - Introduction

11.2 - The Shoulder Joint

11.3 - Shoulder Replacement

11.3.1 - Procedures

11.3.2 - Patient Population

11.3.3 - History

11.3.4 - Biomechanics of Total Shoulder Replacement

11.4 - Contemporary Total Shoulder Replacements

11.4.1 - Biomet (Warsaw, IN)

11.4.2 - DePuy Orthopaedics (Warsaw, IN)

11.4.3 - DJO Surgical (Formerly Encore) (Austin, TX)

11.4.4 - Stryker Howmedica Osteonics (Mahwah, NJ)

11.4.5 - Smith &amp

Nephew (Memphis, TN)

11.4.6 - Tornier (Stafford, TX)

11.4.7 - Zimmer (Warsaw, IN)

11.5 - Clinical Performance of Total Shoulder Arthroplasty

11.5.1 - Overall Clinical Success Rates

11.5.2 - Loosening

11.5.3 - Wear

11.6 - Controversies in Shoulder Replacement

11.7 - Future Directions in Total Shoulder Arthroplasty

11.7.1 - Design

11.7.2 - Materials

11.8 - Conclusions

12 - The Clinical Performance of UHMWPE in Elbow Replacements

12.1 - Introduction.

12.2 - Anatomy of the Elbow

12.2.1 - Osteoarticular Anatomy

12.2.2 - Soft Tissue Anatomy

12.2.3 - Muscular Anatomy

12.3 - Elbow Biomechanics

12.3.1 - Kinematics

12.3.2 - Joint Loading

12.4 - Implant Design

12.4.1 - Historical Context

12.4.2 - Contemporary Designs

12.4.3 - Capitellocondylar Prosthesis - Johnson &amp

Johnson Orthopaedics Inc. (New Brunswick, NJ)

12.4.4 - Souter-Strathclyde Total Elbow

12.4.5 - Coonrad-Morrey Total Elbow Arthroplasty (Zimmer, Warsaw, IN)

12.4.6 - GSB III Total Elbow (Zimmer, Warsaw, IN)

12.4.7 - Acclaim™ Total Elbow (DePuy, Warsaw, IN)

12.4.8 - Latitude® Total Elbow (Tornier, Saint-Ismier, France)

12.4.9 - Solar® Elbow System (Stryker, Mahwah, NJ)

12.4.10 - Discovery Elbow System (Biomet, Warsaw, IN)

12.4.11 - Huene™ Biaxial Elbow System (Biomet, Warsaw, IN)

12.4.12 - Kudo™ Elbow System (Biomet, Warsaw, IN)

12.4.13 - iBP™ Elbow System (Biomet, Warsaw, IN)

12.4.14 - UNI-Elbow™ and rHead™ (Small Bone Innovations, Morrisville, PA)

12.5 - Osteolysis and Wear

12.6 - Conclusions

13 - Applications of UHMWPE in Total Ankle Replacements

13.1 - Introduction

13.2 - Anatomy

13.3 - Ankle Biomechanics

13.4 - Total Ankle Replacement Design

13.4.1 - Early Designs

13.4.2 - Results of Early Designs

13.4.3 - Contemporary Designs

13.4.3.1 - TNK Prosthesis

13.4.3.2 - Agility Total Ankle Prosthesis

13.4.3.3 - Scandinavian Total Ankle Replacement (STAR)

13.4.3.4 - Buechel-Pappas

13.4.3.5 - Salto Talaris and SaltoTM

13.4.3.6 - Hintegra

13.4.3.7 - Mobility

13.4.3.8 - BOX

13.5 - UHMWPE Loading and Wear in Total Ankle Replacements

13.6 - Complications and Retrieval Analysis

13.7 - Conclusions

14 - The Clinical Performance of UHMWPE in the Spine.

14.1 - Introduction.

Notes:

Description based upon print version of record.

Includes bibliographical references at the end of each chapters and index.

Description based on online resource; title from PDF title page (ebrary, viewed December 4, 2015).

ISBN:

0-323-35435-1