Evaluation of the effects and consequences of major accidents in industrial plants / Joaquim Casal.

Format:

Book

Author/Creator:

Casal, Joaquim.

Series:

Industrial safety series ; 8.

Industrial safety series ; v. 8

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Industrial accidents.

Industrial accidents--Mathematical models.

Physical Description:

1 online resource (379 p.)

Place of Publication:

Amsterdam ; London : Elsevier, 2008.

Language Note:

English

Summary:

The book analyzes the different major accidents which can occur in process plants and during the transportation of hazardous materials. The main features of fires, explosions and toxic releases are discussed, and a set of mathematical models allowing the prediction of their effects and consequences are explained. With a practical approach, the models are applied to simple illustrative examples, as well as to more complex real cases. The use of these calculations in the frame of Quantitative Risk Analysis is also treated.Evaluation of the effects of major accidents in industrial install

Contents:

Cover; Table of Contents; Preface; Chapter 1. Introduction; 1. Risk; 2. Risk analysis; 3. Major accidents; 3.1 Types; 3.2 Damage; 4. Domino effect; 4.1 Classification of domino effects; 4.2 An example case; 5. Mathematical modelling of accidents; Nomenclature; References; Chapter 2. Source term; 1. Introduction; 2. Liquid release; 2.1 Flow of liquid through a hole in a tank; 2.2 Flow of liquid through a pipe; 2.2.1 Liquid flow rate; 2.2.2 Friction factor; 3. Gas/vapour release; 3.1 Flow of gas/vapour through a hole; 3.1.1 Critical velocity; 3.1.2 Mass flow rate; 3.1.3 Discharge coefficient

3.2 Flow of gas/vapour through a pipe3.3 Time-dependent gas release; 4. Two-phase flow; 4.1 Flashing liquids; 4.2 Two-phase discharge; 5. Safety relief valves; 5.1 Discharge from a safety relief valve; 6. Relief discharges; 6.1 Relief flow rate for vessels subject to external fire; 6.2 Relief flow rate for vessels undergoing a runaway reaction; 7. Evaporation of a liquid from a pool; 7.1 Evaporation of liquids; 7.2 Pool size; 7.2.1 Pool on ground; 7.2.2 Pool on water; 7.3 Evaporation of boiling liquids; 7.4 Evaporation of non-boiling liquids

8. General outflow guidelines for quantitative risk analysis8.1 Loss-of-containment events in pressurized tanks and vessels; 8.2 Loss-of-containment events in atmospheric tanks; 8.3 Loss-of-containment events in pipes; 8.4 Loss-of-containment events in pumps; 8.5 Loss-of-containment events in relief devices; 8.6 Loss-of-containment events for storage in warehouses; 8.7 Loss-of-containment events in transport units in an establishment; 8.8 Pool evaporation; 8.9 Outflow and atmospheric dispersion; Nomenclature; References; Chapter 3. Fire accidents; 1. Introduction; 2. Combustion

2.1 Combustion reaction and combustion heat2.2 Premixed flames and diffusion flames; 3. Types of fire; 3.1 Pool fires; 3.2 Jet fires; 3.3 Flash fires; 3.4 Fireballs; 4. Flammability; 4.1 Flammability limits; 4.1.1 Estimation of flammability limits; 4.1.2 Flammability limits of gas mixtures; 4.1.3 Flammability limits as a function of pressure; 4.1.4 Flammability limits as a function of temperature; 4.1.5 Inerting and flammability diagrams; 4.2 Flash point temperature; 4.3 Autoignition temperature; 5. Estimation of thermal radiation from fires; 5.1 Point source model; 5.2 Solid flame model

5.2.1 View factor5.2.2 Emissive power; 6. Flame size; 6.1 Pool fire size; 6.1.1 Pool diameter; 6.1.2 Burning rate; 6.1.3 Height and length of the flames; 6.1.4 Influence of wind; 6.2 Size of a jet fire; 6.2.1 Jet flow; 6.2.2 Shape and size of the jet fire; 6.2.3 Influence of wind; 6.3 Flash fire; 7. Boilover; 7.1 Tendency of hydrocarbons to boilover; 7.2 Boilover effects; 8. Fireball; 8.1 Fireball geometry; 8.1.1 Ground diameter; 8.1.2 Fireball duration and diameter; 8.1.3 Height reached by the centre of the fireball; 8.2 Thermal features; 8.2.1 Radiant heat fraction; 8.2.2 Emissive power

8.2.3 View factor

Notes:

Description based upon print version of record.

Includes bibliographical references and index.

ISBN:

1-281-07700-3

9786611077006

0-08-055461-X

OCLC:

271758642