Evaluation of the linear-nonthreshold dose-response model for ionizing radiation.

Format:

Book

Contributor:

National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements.

Series:

NCRP report ; no. 136.

NCRP report ; no. 136

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Radiation--Toxicology.

Radiation.

Low-level radiation--Dose-response relationship.

Low-level radiation.

Physical Description:

1 online resource (296 p.)

Place of Publication:

Bethesda, Md. : National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements, c2001.

Language Note:

English

Contents:

""Cover Page""; ""Preface""; ""Contents""; ""1. Executive Summary""; ""2. Introduction""; ""3. Biophysical""; ""3.1 Energy Deposition and Its Relevance to Questions of Low-Dose Response""; ""3.1.1 Track Structure""; ""3.1.2 Quantitative Characterization of Energy Deposition in Small Sites""; ""3.1.3 Definition of Low Dose, Corresponding to an Average of One Energy Deposition Event per Target""; ""3.2 Implications of Energy-Deposition Patterns for Independent Cellular Effects at Low Doses""; ""3.3 Implications of Energy-Deposition Patterns for Carcinogenic Effects of Radiation""

""3.3.1 Evidence Regarding the Clonality of Tumors""""3.3.2 Relationship Between Initially-Damaged Cells and Tumorigenic Cells""; ""3.4 Conclusions""; ""3.5 Research Needs""; ""4. Deoxyribonucleic Acid Repair and Processing after Low Doses and Low-Dose Rates of Ionizing Radiation""; ""4.1 Ionizing Radiation-Induced DNA Lesions and Their Repair""; ""4.1.1 Single-Strand Breaks (Including Deoxyribose Damage)""; ""4.1.2 Base Damage and Loss""; ""4.1.3 DNA-Protein Cross-Links""; ""4.1.4 Double-Strand Breaks""; ""4.1.5 Multiply-Damaged Sites""; ""4.1.6 Mismatch Repair""

""4.1.7 Effects of Linear-Energy Transfer""""4.1.8 Spontaneous DNA Damage""; ""4.2 Cell-Cycle Checkpoints""; ""4.3 Programmed Cell Death (Apoptosis)""; ""4.4 Impact of Cell-Cycle Checkpoints and Apoptosis on the Dose Response for DNA Repair at Low-Dose Rates""; ""4.5 The Adaptive Response""; ""4.6 Summary""; ""4.7 Research Needs""; ""5. Mutagenesis""; ""5.1 Introduction""; ""5.2 Potential Mechanisms of Mutagenesis""; ""5.2.1 Replication Errors""; ""5.2.2 Mutations Arising During Repair""; ""5.3 Dose-Response Studies with Low Linear-Energy Transfer Radiation""; ""5.3.1 Human in Vivo""

""5.3.2 Animal in Vivo""""5.3.3 Mammalian Cells in Vitro""; ""5.4 Dose-Response Studies with High Linear-Energy Transfer Radiation""; ""5.5 Summary""; ""5.6 Research Needs""; ""6. Chromosome Aberrations Induced by Low Doses and Low-Dose Rates of Ionizing Radiation""; ""6.1 Misrepair, Misreplication, and Chromosome Aberration Formation""; ""6.1.1 Chromosome-Type Aberrations""; ""6.1.2 Chromatid-Type Aberrations""; ""6.1.3 Mechanisms of Formation of Chromosome Aberrations""; ""6.1.4 Dose-Response Curves: Acute and Chronic Exposures""; ""6.2 Distribution of Aberrations Within and Among Cells""

""6.2.1 Intercellular Distributions of Chromosome Aberrations""""6.2.2 Inter- and Intrachromosomal Distribution of Chromosome Aberrations""; ""6.3 Uncertainties in Shapes of Dose-Response Curves at Low Doses""; ""6.3.1 Nonlinear and Threshold Responses""; ""6.3.2 Effect of Adaptive Response""; ""6.3.3 Efficiency of DNA Repair""; ""6.3.4 Inducibility of DNA Repair and Cell-Cycle Checkpoints""; ""6.3.5 Genomic Instability""; ""6.4 Association Between Chromosomal Changes and Cancer""; ""6.5 Biological Dosimetry for Chromosome Aberrations""; ""6.5.1 Acute Exposures""; ""6.5.2 Chronic Exposures""

""6.5.3 Evidence for Threshold and/or Linearity in Dose Response""

Notes:

"Issued June 4, 2001."

"Recommendations of the National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements."

Includes bibliographical references (p. 212-263) and index.

ISBN:

978-0-929600-69-7

978-1-60119-472-5

0-929600-69-X