Flight control systems : practical issues in design and implementation / edited by Roger W. Pratt.

Format:

Book

Contributor:

Pratt, Roger, 1943-

American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics.

Institution of Electrical Engineers.

Series:

IEE control engineering series ; v. 57.

IEE control engineering series ; 57

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Airplanes--Control systems--Design and construction.

Airplanes.

Flight control.

Physical Description:

1 online resource (414 pages) : illustrations.

Edition:

1st ed.

Place of Publication:

London : Institution of Electrical Engineers, 2008.

Language Note:

English

Summary:

A complete reference on modern flight control methods for fixed-wing aircraft, this authoritative book includes contributions from an international group of experts in their respective specialised fields, largely from industry.

Contents:

Intro

Dedication

Contents

Contributors

Preface

Glossary of terms

Nomenclature

1 Industrial considerations for flight control C. Fielding and R. Luckner

1.1 Introduction

1.2 The general objectives of flight control

1.2.1 Military aircraft

1.2.2 Civil aircraft

1.3 The role of the flight control system

1.3.1 History

1.3.2 Military aircraft developments

1.3.3 Civil aircraft developments

1.4 Aircraft in-service requirements

1.4.1 Military aircraft operations

1.4.2 Civil aircraft operations

1.5 The benefits of fly-by-wire

1.5.1 Military aircraft benefits

1.5.2 Civil aircraft benefits

1.6 Flight control systems implementation

1.6.1 Military aircraft-design considerations and systems overview

1.6.2 Civil aircraft-design considerations and systems overview

1.7 Military aircraft-state-of-the-art and future challenges

1.7.1 Eurofighter Typhoon

1.7.2 Future challenges for military aircraft

1.8 Civil aircraft-state-of-the-art and future challenges

1.8.1 The Airbus fly-by-wire family

1.8.2 Boeing 777

1.8.3 Future challenges for civil aircraft

1.9 The flight control system development process

1.9.1 The current situation

1.9.2 The system development process

1.9.3 The flight control laws development process

1.9.4 Cost considerations-recurring and nonrecurring costs

1.10 Closing discussion

1.11 Acknowledgements

1.12 References

2 Aircraft modelling M.VCook

2.1 Introduction

2.2 A mathematical framework

2.3 Axes systems and notation

2.3.1 Earth axes

2.3.2 Aeroplane-body fixed axes

2.3.3 Perturbation variables

2.3.4 Angular relationships in symmetric flight

2.3.5 Choice of axes

2.4 Euler angles and aeroplane attitude

2.4.1 Linear-quantities transformation

2.4.2 Angular velocities transformation.

2.5 Controls notation

2.5.1 Aerodynamic controls

2.5.2 Engine control

2.6 The decoupled small-perturbation equations of motion

2.6.1 The equations of longitudinal symmetric motion

2.6.2 The equations of lateral-directional asymmetric motion

2.7 The equations of motion in state-space form

2.7.1 The equations of longitudinal motion

2.7.2 The equations of lateral-directional motion

2.8 Aircraft-response transfer functions

2.9 The transfer function matrix

2.10 Longitudinal response to controls

2.10.1 The longitudinal transfer function matrix

2.10.2 The longitudinal characteristic equation

2.10.3 The short-period pitching oscillation

2.10.4 The phugoid

2.11 Lateral-directional response to controls

2.11.1 The lateral transfer function matrix

2.11.2 The lateral-directional characteristic equation

2.11.3 The roll-subsidence mode

2.11.4 The spiral mode

2.11.5 The dutch-roll mode

2.12 Conclusions

2.13 Reference

3 Actuation systems S. Ravenscroft

3.1 Introduction

3.2 Actuation system technology-an overview

3.2.1 Control-surface types

3.2.2 Actuator operation

3.3 Actuation system-performance criteria

3.3.1 Stall load

3.3.2 Maximum rate capability

3.3.3 Frequency response

3.3.4 Dynamic stiffness

3.3.5 Failure transients

3.4 Actuation system modelling

3.5 Nonlinear frequency response

3.6 Saturation analysis

3.7 Jump resonance

3.8 Failure transients

3.9 Conclusions

3.10 Acknowledgements

4 Handling qualities j Hodgkinson and D. Mitchell

4.1 Introduction

4.2 Longitudinal flying qualities

4.2.1 Control-input transfer functions

4.2.2 Modal criteria

4.2.3 Phugoid flying qualities

4.2.4 Short-period flying qualities

4.2.5 Criteria for the longitudinal short-period dynamics

4.2.6 Model criteria for the short period.

4.2.7 Other short-period criteria

4.2.8 Equivalent systems

4.2.9 Equivalent time delay

4.2.10 The bandwidth method

4.2.11 The Neal-Smith method

4.2.12 Gibson's dropback criterion

4.2.13 Time-history criteria

4.2.14 Flight-path stability

4.3 Lateral-directional flying qualities

4.3.1 Roll mode

4.3.2 Spiral mode

4.3.3 Coupled-roll spiral

4.3.4 Dutch-roll mode

4.3.5 The parameter ωΦ/ωd

4.3.6 Phi-to-beta ratio, Φ/β

4.4 Stability and control-augmentation systems

4.4.1 The influence of feedback

4.4.2 The influence of actuators, sensors and processors

4.4.3 Multiple-input, multiple-output flying quality possibilities

4.4.4 Response types

4.5 Notes on some control design concepts

4.5.1 Integration in the forward path

4.5.2 Notch niters

4.5.3 Stick prefilters

4.5.4 Model prefilters

4.6 Pilot-induced oscillations (PIOs)

4.6.1 PIO categories

4.6.2 PIO and APC

4.6.3 Criteria for category I PIOs

4.7 Modal PIO criteria

4.7.1 STI high-gain asymptote parameter

4.7.2 A'Harrah-Siewert criteria

4.7.3 Dynamic stick force per g

4.8 Non-modal PIO criteria

4.8.1 Some current criteria

4.8.2 Effectiveness of the criteria

4.9 Effects of rate limiting on PIO

4.9.1 Criteria for category II PIOs

4.9.2 The consequences of rate limiting

4.10 Concluding remarks

4.11 References

5 Automatic flight control system design considerations J. Fenton

5.1 AFCS development programme

5.1.1 Study phase/vendor selection

5.1.2 Interface definition

5.1.3 System definition

5.1.4 Software design and code

5.1.5 Hardware design and development

5.1.6 System integration and test

5.1.7 Qualification testing

5.1.8 Preliminary (final) declaration of design and performance (PDDP/FDDP)

5.1.9 Flight testing

5.1.10 Certification

5.1.11 Design reviews.

5.2 Requirements definition and verification

5.2.1 Introduction

5.2.2 Design and test methodology

5.2.3 Safety considerations

5.3 System design considerations

5.3.1 Primary considerations

5.4 AFCS architecture

5.4.1 Introduction

5.4.2 AFCS flying control interfaces

5.4.3 AFCS system interfaces

5.4.4 AFCS configurations

5.4.5 Flight control computer data processing

6 Ground and flight testing of digital flight control systems T. Smith

6.1 Introduction

6.2 Philosophy of flight testing

6.2.1 Ground testing

6.2.2 Simulator and rig testing

6.3 Aircraft ground testing

6.3.1 FCS build tests

6.3.2 Ground-resonance tests

6.3.3 Structural-coupling tests

6.3.4 Electromagnetic-compatibility testing

6.3.5 Engine-running tests

6.4 Flight test tools and techniques

6.5 Flight testing

6.5.1 FBW Jaguar demonstrator flight test programme

6.5.2 The EAP demonstrator flight test programme

6.6 Conclusion

6.7 Acknowledgements

6.8 References

7 Aeroservoelasticity B.D. Caldwell, R.W. Pratt, R. Taylor and R.D. Felton

7.1 Introduction

7.2 Elements of structural coupling

7.2.1 Flexible-aircraft modal dynamics

7.2.2 Inertial excitation of the flexible-aircraft control surface

7.2.3 Actuators, flight control computers and the aircraft-motion sensor unit

7.2.4 Aerodynamic excitation of the flexible-aircraft's control surface

7.2.5 Flexible-aircraft modal aerodynamics

7.2.6 Formulation for solution and design trade-offs

7.3 FCS-SC structural coupling: design examples

7.3.1 Jaguar-first flight 1968

7.3.2 Tornado-first flight 1974

7.3.3 Experimental aircraft programme (EAP)-first flight 1986

7.3.4 Eurofighter 2000 (EF2000)-first flight 1994

7.4 Future developments

7.4.1 Limit-cycle prediction and specification of alternative clearance requirements.

7.4.2 Active control for rigid body and structural-mode stabilisation

7.4.3 Flexible aircraft modelling

7.5 Conclusions

7.6 References

8 Eigenstructure assignment applied to the design of an autopilot function for a civil aircraft L.F. Faleiro and R. W. Pratt

8.1 Introduction

8.2 The RCAM control problem

8.2.1 A landing-approach simulation

8.2.2 Performance specifications

8.2.3 Robustness specifications

8.2.4 Ride-quality specifications

8.2.5 Safety specifications

8.2.6 Control-activity specifications

8.3 Eigenstructure analysis and assignment

8.3.1 Eigenstructure analysis

8.3.2 Eigenstructure assignment

8.4 The eigenstructure assignment design cycle

8.4.1 Controller structure

8.4.2 Construction of a desired eigenstructure

8.4.3 Initial synthesis

8.4.4 Methods of controller analysis

8.4.5 Analysis of the longitudinal controller

8.4.6 Analysis of the lateral controller

8.4.7 Optimisation of the controllers

8.5 Nonlinear simulation of the controlled aircraft

8.5.1 Performance specifications

8.5.2 Robustness specifications

8.5.3 Ride-quality specifications

8.5.4 Safety specifications

8.5.5 Control-activity specifications

8.5.6 Evaluation using a landing-approach simulation

8.6 Conclusions

8.7 References

9 An H∞ loop-shaping design for the VAAC Harrier R.A. Hyde

9.1 Introduction

9.2 The VAAC Harrier

9.3 H∞ Loop shaping

9.4 Linear design for the VAC

9.5 Implementation and flight testing

9.5.1 Gain scheduling

9.5.2 Anti-windup

9.5.3 Flight modes

9.5.4 Flight testing

9.6 Flight clearance

9.7 The way ahead

9.8 References

Index.

Notes:

Title from title screen.

Includes bibliographical references and index.

Digitized and made available by: Books 24x7.com.

Description based on print version record.

Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.

ISBN:

1-84919-162-X

1-60119-072-7

OCLC:

923637443