Materials in sports equipment / edited by Aleksandar Subic.

Format:

Book

Contributor:

Subic, A. J. (Aleksandar J.), editor.

Series:

Woodhead Publishing series in composites science and engineering.

Woodhead Publishing series in composites science and engineering

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Sporting goods--Design and construction.

Sporting goods.

Physical Description:

1 online resource (606 pages) : illustrations.

Edition:

Second edition.

Place of Publication:

Duxford, England : Woodhead Publishing, [2019]

Summary:

Materials in Sports Equipment, Second Edition, provides a detailed review on the design and performance of materials in sports apparel, equipment and surfaces in a broad range of sporting applications.

Contents:

Front Cover

Materials in Sports Equipment

Copyright Page

Contents

List of Contributors

I. General Issues

1 Modeling of Materials for Sports Equipment

1.1 Introduction

1.2 Properties of Metallic Alloys

1.3 Modeling the Properties of Metallic Alloys

1.3.1 Application of Modeling: Assessing Hardness Around a Weld

1.4 Modeling Polymeric Materials

1.4.1 Data for Modeling Polymeric Materials

1.5 Properties and Modeling of Composites

1.5.1 Limits to Composite Modeling

1.6 Modeling Sandwich Structures

1.7 Future Trends

Acknowledgments

References

2 Application of Infrared Thermography in the Assessment of Sport Equipment

2.1 Introduction

2.1.1 Infrared Thermography

2.1.2 Physics Principles of Infrared Thermography

2.2 Methodological Aspects Related With Sport Equipment Assessment

2.2.1 Choice of Camera

2.2.2 Camera Positioning and Adjustments

2.2.3 Environmental Conditions

2.2.4 Thermal Stress Tests

2.3 Applications of Infrared Thermography in the Assessment of Sport Equipment

2.3.1 Racing Car Tires

2.3.2 Detection of Technological Doping in Cycling

2.3.3 Saddle Fit in Cycling

2.3.4 Equestrian Saddle Fit

2.3.5 Sport Garments

2.3.6 Tennis Racket Strings

2.3.6.1 Natural Gut String

2.3.6.2 Synthetic Gut String

2.3.6.3 Dry Sliding of Natural Gut String at the Nodes

2.3.7 Sport Balls

2.4 Conclusion

3 Protective Helmets in Sports

3.1 Introduction

3.2 Incidence of Mild Traumatic Brain Injury in Sport

3.3 Biomechanics and Dynamics of Head Impacts in Sport

3.3.1 Dynamics of Head Impacts

3.3.2 Energy Absorption Process

3.3.3 Viscoelastic Properties of Material Selection

3.4 Helmet Construction: Shell Materials

3.4.1 Properties and Manufacturing of Polycarbonate.

3.4.2 Properties and Manufacturing of Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene

3.4.3 Properties and Manufacturing of Polyolefin Materials

3.5 Helmet Construction: Liner Materials

3.5.1 Multiple-Impact Resilient Foam Systems

3.5.2 Multiple-Impact, Dual-Density Foam Systems

3.5.3 Multiple-Impact, Two-Stage Foam-Mechanical Systems

3.5.4 Single-Impact, Crushable Foam Systems

3.6 Helmet Safety Standards and Performance Testing

3.6.1 Impact Performance Testing

3.6.2 Projectile Impact Performance Testing

3.7 Helmet Design for Particular Sports: Lacrosse, Ice Hockey, Rugby, and Football (Soccer)

3.7.1 Lacrosse

3.7.2 Ice Hockey

3.7.3 Rugby

3.7.4 Football (Soccer)

3.7.5 The Role of Proper Fit

3.8 Future Trends

3.9 Sources of Further Information and Advice

3.10 Conclusion

Acknowledgment

Further Reading

4 Wearable Technologies in Sportswear

4.1 Introduction

4.2 Stretchable Circuit

4.2.1 Conductive Fibers and Yarns

4.2.1.1 Metal Fibers

4.2.1.2 Inherently Conductive Polymers

4.2.1.3 Carbon-Based Fibers

4.2.1.4 Modification of Fibers

4.2.2 Quantum Tunneling Composites

4.2.3 Conductive Coating and Printing

4.3 Sensors and Actuators

4.3.1 Muscle Activity

4.3.2 Respiratory

4.3.3 Heart Rate

4.3.4 Sweat

4.3.5 Temperature

4.3.6 Movement Measurement

4.4 Data Transferring and Computing

4.5 Energy Harvesting and Storage

4.5.1 Piezoelectricity Generator

4.5.2 Thermoelectricity Generator

4.5.3 Triboelectricity Generator

4.5.4 Hybrid Generators

4.5.5 Flexible Electrical Energy Storage

4.6 Conclusion

5 Three-Dimensional Printing of Sports Equipment

5.1 Additive Manufacturing Overview

5.2 Additive Manufacturing Process

5.3 Additive Manufacturing in Sports

5.3.1 Ethical Considerations.

5.4 Additive Manufacturing Polymers

5.4.1 Running Shoes

5.4.1.1 Digital Light Processing and Digital Light Synthesis

5.4.1.2 Continuous Digital Light Synthesis and Continuous Liquid Interface Production

5.4.1.3 Selective Laser Sintering

5.4.2 Personal Protective Equipment

5.4.2.1 3D Printed Tailored Lattice Structures

5.5 Additive Manufacturing Metals

5.5.1 Helmets

5.5.2 Personalized Metal Additive Manufacturing Faceguard Development

5.5.3 Fused Deposition Modeling: Faceguard Prototyping

5.5.3.1 Selective Laser Melting of Metals (Titanium): Faceguard Fabrication

5.6 Future Trends

5.7 Conclusion

6 Mouth Protection in Sports

6.1 Introduction

6.2 The Development and Classification of Mouth Protection in Sport

6.2.1 Classification of Mouthguards

6.3 Incidence of Orofacial Injury in Sport

6.4 Biomechanics and Dynamics of Dental Injury

6.4.1 Tooth Biomechanics

6.4.2 Head Biomechanics

6.4.3 Behavior of Viscoelastic Materials

6.4.4 Energy Dissipation in Viscoelastic Materials

6.4.5 Desired Dynamic Properties of Materials

6.5 Polymeric Materials and Fabrication Techniques for Mouthguards

6.5.1 Chemical Properties

6.5.2 Mechanical and Physical Properties

6.5.3 Fabrication Techniques

6.6 Standards and Testing for Mouthguards

6.6.1 Testing for Hardness

6.6.2 Testing for Impact

6.6.3 Testing for Moisture Absorption

6.6.4 Testing for Tear Strength

6.7 Comfort and Fit of Mouthguards

6.8 Conclusion

6.9 Sources for Further Information and Advice

II. Specific Sports

7 Benchmarking and Regulation of Glove Grip in Australian Football

7.1 Introduction

7.2 Methodology

7.3 Glove Models

7.4 Results

7.4.1 Dry Tests

7.4.2 Wet Tests

7.5 Discussion

7.5.1 Dry Tests.

7.5.2 Wet Tests

7.6 Benchmarking

7.6.1 Dry Conditions

7.6.2 Wet Conditions

7.7 Proposed Regulation

7.8 Conclusion

7.9 Research Impact

7.10 Future Outlook

8 Design and Materials in Baseball

8.1 Introduction

8.1.1 How Baseball Is Played

8.1.2 The Development of Baseball

8.2 Ball Design and Construction

8.2.1 Construction of Baseball Balls

8.2.2 Ball Construction in Major League Baseball

8.2.3 Ball Construction for College and High School Baseball Balls

8.2.4 Ball Construction in Little League Baseball

8.3 Bat Design and Construction

8.3.1 The Wood Bat

8.3.2 The Aluminum Bat

8.3.3 The Composite Bat

8.3.4 The Future Design of Aluminum and Composite Bats

8.4 Baseball Gloves

8.4.1 Gloves for Catching the Ball

8.4.2 The Batting Glove

8.5 Protective and Other Equipment

8.5.1 Protective Equipment for the Catcher

8.5.2 Batting Helmets

8.5.3 Bases

8.5.4 The Backstop

8.6 Future Trends

8.7 Sources of Further Information and Advice

9 Design and Materials in Snowboarding

9.1 Introduction

9.2 Riding Styles in Snowboarding

9.2.1 Loading Conditions

9.3 Snowboard Design

9.4 Materials and Their Configuration in Snowboards

9.5 Manufacture of Snowboards

9.6 Conclusion

10 Design and Materials in Ice Hockey

10.1 Introduction

10.2 Ice Hockey Skate Design

10.3 Evaluating Skate Boot Design

10.3.1 Analyzing and Improving Stiffness Properties of the Skate Boot

10.3.2 Analyzing and Improving Skate Boot Flexibility

10.3.3 Summary of Boot Properties

10.4 Evaluating Skate Blade Sharpening and Design

10.4.1 Recent Skate Blade Design Innovation

10.5 Ice Hockey Stick Design.

10.5.1 Stick Materials and Construction

10.5.2 Evaluating Ice Hockey Stick Design

10.5.3 Performance Testing

10.6 Conclusion

11 Design and Materials in Fly Fishing

11.1 Introduction

11.1.1 The Process of Fishing

11.1.2 The Distinctive Characteristics of Fly Fishing

11.2 Performance Requirements: Hooking and Landing the Fish

11.3 Performance Requirements: Casting

11.4 Leaders

11.5 Flylines

11.5.1 Flyline Manufacture

11.6 Rods

11.6.1 Rod Design

11.7 Reels

11.8 Conclusion

12 Design and Materials in Archery

12.1 Introduction

12.2 Model and Performance Description of the Bow

12.2.1 Quality Coefficients for the Bow-Arrow System

12.3 The Design of the Bow

12.4 The Design of the Arrow

12.4.1 Horizontal Plane Behavior of the Arrow

12.4.2 Vertical Plane Behavior of the Arrow

12.4.3 Arrow Dynamics in Free Flight

12.5 Strength of Bow, Arrow, and String Materials

12.5.1 Limb Material

12.5.2 Arrow Material

12.5.3 String Material

12.5.4 Riser Material

12.6 Future Trends

Conclusion

13 Design and Materials in Rowing

13.1 Introduction

13.2 International Regulation of Competitive Rowing Equipment

13.2.1 The Definition of Rowing

13.2.1.1 Rule 1: Rowing, Boats, Regattas

13.2.2 Boats and Construction

13.2.2.1 Rule 31: Free Construction

13.2.2.2 Rule 32: Boat Weights

13.2.3 International Federation of Rowing Associations Guideline for Safe Rowing Equipment

13.2.4 Innovation

13.2.4.1 Rule 58: Fairness-Innovation

13.2.5 Rowing Boat Classes for Olympic and World Championship Competitions

13.2.6 Adaptive Rowing Events

13.2.6.1 Regulation, Rule 31: Boats and Equipment

13.2.6.2 Regulation, Rule 32: Boat Weights

13.3 Design of Modern Rowing Boats

13.3.1 Hydrodynamic Design.

13.3.2 Other Factors in Design.

Notes:

Description based on print version record.

Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.

ISBN:

0-08-102583-1

0-08-102582-3

OCLC:

1103218672