New technologies for emission control in marine diesel engines / Masaaki Okubo, Takuya Kuwahara.

Format:

Book

Author/Creator:

Okubo, Masaaki, author.

Kuwahara, Takuya, author.

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Marine engines--Exhaust gas.

Marine engines.

Pollution control equipment.

Physical Description:

1 online resource (298 pages)

Place of Publication:

Oxford, United Kingdom : Butterworth-Heinemann, an imprint of Elsevier, [2020]

Summary:

New Technologies for Emission Control in Marine Diesel Engines provides a unique overview on marine diesel engines and aftertreatment technologies that is based on the authors' extensive experience in research and development of emission control systems, especially plasma aftertreatment systems. The book covers new and updated technologies, such as combustion improvement and after treatment, SCR, the NOx reduction method, Ox scrubber, DPF, Electrostatic precipitator, Plasma PM decomposition, Plasma NOx reduction, and the Exhaust gas recirculation method. This comprehensive resource is ideal for marine engineers, engine manufacturers and consultants dealing with the development and implementation of aftertreatment systems in marine engines.- Includes recent advances and future trends of marine engines- Discusses new and innovative emission technologies for marine diesel engines and their regulations- Covers aftertreatment technologies that are not widely applied, such as catalysts, SCR, DPF and plasmas

Contents:

Front Cover

NEW TECHNOLOGIES FOR EMISSION CONTROL IN MARINE DIESEL ENGINES

Copyright

Contents

Preface

1 - Introduction

1.1 Classification of ships

1.1.1 Merchant ships

Cargo ships

Tankers

Product-carrying ships

Passenger ships

Other miscellaneous merchant ships

1.1.2 Special operation ships

Operation ships

Helper ships

Other special operation ships

1.1.3 Other miscellaneous ships and marine transportation

1.2 Marine diesel engines inside ships

1.3 Mechanism of diesel engines

1.3.1 Heat engines

1.3.2 Classification of diesel engines

1.3.3 Four-cycle and two-cycle engines

1.3.4 Common rail fuel injection technology

1.4 Targets of emission control

References

2 - Emission regulations

2.1 Establishment of MARPOL 73/78 Convention

2.2 NOx regulations

2.2.1 Pollution of NOx and photochemical smog

2.2.2 NOx regulations for automobile engines

2.2.3 NOx regulations for marine diesel engines

2.3 SOx regulations

2.3.1 SOx and acid rain

2.3.2 Method to control SOx emission

2.3.3 SOx regulation for marine diesel engines

2.4 Particulate matter regulations

2.4.1 Particulate matter and related environmental issues

2.4.2 Particulate matter regulations for automobile engines

2.4.3 Particulate matter regulations for marine diesel engines

2.5 Fuel regulations

2.5.1 Fuel and related environmental issues

2.5.2 Fuel regulations and standards for automobile engines

2.5.3 Fuel regulations and standards for marine diesel engines

3 - Principle and design of emission control systems

3.1 Air pollutants generated in exhaust gas

3.1.1 Combustion calculation for liquid and solid fuels

3.1.2 Combustion calculation for gas fuel.

3.1.3 NOx, SOx, and particulate matter formations by combustion

3.1.4 Calculation of Zeldovich NO formation

3.1.5 Other nitrogen oxides

3.2 NOx control

3.2.1 Selective noncatalytic reduction

3.2.2 Selective catalytic reduction

3.2.3 Urea selective catalytic reduction for marine diesel engines

3.2.4 Selective noncatalytic reduction assisted by nonthermal plasma

3.2.5 Diesel particulate-NOx reduction for automobile emission

NOx storage and reduction process

Diesel particulate-NOx reduction process

Plasma-enhanced DPNR process

3.2.6 Exhaust gas recirculation

NOx reduction mechanism in exhaust gas recirculation

Implementation of exhaust gas recirculation

3.2.7 Other NOx control methods

Emulsion fuel combustion

Water or steam injection

Lower air ratio combustion

3.3 SOx control

3.3.1 Procedure for De-SOx in the emission

3.3.2 Wet methods of De-SOx

Sodium hydrate/sodium carbonate solution absorption

Ammonia solution absorption

Calcium carbonate/calcium hydrate absorption

Magnesium hydrate absorption

3.3.3 Dry method of De-SOx

Adsorption with activated carbon

Electron beam process

Pulse corona induced plasma chemical process

3.4 Particulate matter control

3.4.1 PM2.5 and measurements

3.4.2 PM2.5 and its components

3.4.3 Electrostatic precipitator

Principle of electrostatic precipitator

Characteristics of electrostatic precipitator

Analysis of electrostatic precipitator

Equation of motion for a charged particle

Particle electric charging

3.4.4 Diesel particulate filter

Structure of diesel particulate filter

Performance of particle collection in diesel particulate filter

Usage example of diesel particulate filter

Regeneration methods of diesel particulate filter

3.4.5 Bag filter and selection of particulate matter removal systems.

Bag filter

Selection of particulate matter removal systems

3.5 Plasma treatments for NOx and particulate matter

3.5.1 Fundamentals of gas discharge

What is plasma?

Plasma parameters

Classification of plasma

Characteristics of plasma and its applications

3.5.2 Fundamentals of power electronics for atmospheric plasma generation

Steady direct current discharge plasma

Corona discharge plasma

Alternating current or pulse corona discharge plasma

Pulse power supply

3.5.3 Ozone synthesis and application to particulate matter removal

Principle of ozone generation

Characteristics of diesel exhaust gas and treatment methods

Nonthermal plasma regeneration methods

Regeneration principle

3.5.4 Plasma-hybrid exhaust gas treatment

Basic concept

Particulate matter treatment

NOx treatment

4 - Operation examples of emission control systems

4.1 Selective catalytic reduction

4.1.1 Laboratory-scale selective catalytic reduction

4.1.2 Pilot-scale selective catalytic reduction

4.2 SOx scrubber

4.2.1 SOx emission and MARPOL convention

4.2.2 SOx scrubber system for marine diesel engines

4.2.3 Overview of SOx scrubber system

4.2.4 Characteristics of SOx scrubber system

4.2.5 Application of SOx scrubber system to real ship

4.2.6 Sodium hydroxide preparation using electrolyzing seawater

4.3 Electrostatic precipitator

4.3.1 SOx and particulate matter simultaneous removal system for marine diesel engines

4.3.2 Example of marine diesel engine electrostatic precipitator

4.4 Computational fluid dynamics for two-phase flows in electrostatic precipitators

4.4.1 Design of electrostatic precipitator by numerical simulation

4.4.2 System of basic equations

Basic equations for electric field

Basic equations for thermal fluid.

Particle electric charge equations

Particle momentum equation

Boundary conditions

Analytical procedure

4.4.3 Analysis results

Three-dimensional analysis of ion wind secondary flow within tuft/point corona electrostatic precipitator

Effect of gas temperature on collection efficiency in electrostatic precipitator

Three-dimensional flow simulation in actual shape electrostatic precipitator

Simulation of ionic wind, secondary flow, and fine particle collection in coaxial cylinder shape electrostatic precipitator

4.4.4 Application of electronic precipitators to marine diesel engines

4.5 Laboratory-scale plasma particulate matter decomposition

4.5.1 Diesel particulate filter regeneration

4.5.2 Results of regeneration

4.5.3 Analysis of regeneration

4.6 Pilot-scale plasma particulate matter decomposition

4.6.1 Diesel particulate filter regeneration

4.6.2 Results of regeneration

4.7 Plasma NOx reduction

4.7.1 Laboratory test on NOx reduction of diesel engine exhaust gas

4.7.2 Pilot-scale test on NOx reduction of marine diesel engine exhaust gas

4.8 Exhaust gas recirculation method

4.8.1 Laboratory example of exhaust gas recirculation

4.8.2 Pilot-scale example of exhaust gas recirculation in marine diesel engines

5 - Prospects for marine diesel engine emission control

5.1 Advanced NOx control technologies

5.1.1 Marine dual-fuel engine

5.1.2 NOx emission control using plasma chemical hybrid process

NOx control for industrial boiler emission

NOx control for glass melting furnace emission

5.1.3 Microwave plasma reduction of marine diesel NOx and particulate matter

5.1.4 Direct nonthermal plasma reduction of marine diesel NOx and particulate matter

5.2 Advanced SOx control technologies

5.2.1 Classifications of SOx control technologies.

5.2.2 Using dual-fuel engine

5.2.3 Economic analysis of liquefied natural gas-fueled and oil-fueled ships

5.3 Volatile organic compound emission controls

5.3.1 Volatile organic compounds

5.3.2 Volatile organic compound emissions from ship

5.3.3 Volatile organic compound emissions regulations

5.3.4 Volatile organic compound emission control technologies

Volatile organic compound recovery devices

Volatile organic compound decomposition devices

5.4 PM2.5 and health effects

5.4.1 Current status of understanding health effects

5.4.2 Relationship between emissions regulation and particle concentration from ships

5.4.3 Examination and status of emission control area setting in Japan

5.5 Reduction of CO2 emissions from marine engines

5.5.1 Methods to reduce CO2 from main engine

5.5.2 Exhaust heat recovery with propulsion assistance for main engine

5.5.3 Possibility of improvement on marine diesel engine thermal efficiency

5.5.4 CO2 reduction by fuel shift from heavy oil to natural gas

5.5.5 Reduction of greenhouse gas using biofuels and other fuels

5.6 Past, current, and future markets for aftertreatments

5.6.1 Implementation cost of ballast water management system

5.6.2 Implementation cost of SOx emission control system

5.6.3 Implementation cost of NOx emission control system

5.6.4 Market size of aftertreatment systems

5.7 Operation and maintenance of aftertreatment systems

5.7.1 Operation and maintenance of NOx reduction systems

Operation and maintenance of exhaust gas recirculation

Operation and maintenance of selective catalytic reduction

5.7.2 Sensing technology for marine SCR and EGR control

Appendix

A.1 Image of Sakai city in 16th century

A.2 MARPOL 73/78 convention Annex I-VI

A.3 Definition of plasma temperature

Index

A.

B.

Notes:

Description based on: online resource; title from pdf title page (Knovel, viewed June 26, 2020)

ISBN:

9780128123089

0128123087