Chitosan based biomaterials. Volume 2, Tissue engineering and therapeutics / edited by J. Amber Jennings, Joel D. Bumgardner.

Format:

Book

Contributor:

Jennings, J. Amber, editor.

Bumgardner, Joel D., editor.

Series:

Woodhead Publishing series in biomaterials ; Number 123.

Woodhead Publishing Series in Biomaterials ; Number 123

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Chitosan--Biotechnology.

Chitosan.

Tissue engineering.

Chitosan--Therapeutic use.

Physical Description:

1 online resource (298 pages) : color illustrations.

Edition:

1st ed.

Place of Publication:

Amsterdam, Netherlands : Woodhead Publishing, 2017.

Summary:

Chitosan Based Biomaterials: Tissue Engineering and Therapeutics, Volume 2, provides the latest information on chitosan, a natural polymer derived from the marine material chitin.Chitosan displays unique properties, most notably biocompatibility and biodegradability.

Contents:

Front Cover

Chitosan Based Biomaterials, Volume 2

Related titles

Chitosan Based Biomaterials Volume 2: Tissue Engineering and Therapeutics

Copyright

Contents

List of contributors

Woodhead Publishing Series in Biomaterials

1 - The role of nanotechnology and chitosan-based biomaterials for tissue engineering and therapeutic delivery

1.1 Introduction

1.2 Nanotechnology and its importance

1.2.1 Effect of nanoparticle properties

1.2.1.1 Particle size

1.2.1.2 Surface morphology

1.2.2 Methods of examining drug release

1.3 Production of chitosan nanoparticles

1.3.1 Ionic gelation/cross-linking

1.3.2 Micellization

1.3.3 Spinning disk processing technology

1.3.4 Emulsification method

1.4 Applications of chitosan-based nanoparticles

1.4.1 Tissue engineering

1.4.2 Guided regeneration of nerve tissues

1.4.3 Wound dressing

1.5 Delivery of therapeutics

1.5.1 Small molecule drug delivery

1.5.2 Cancer imaging

1.5.3 Combinational delivery

1.5.4 Delivery of vaccines

1.5.5 Protein and peptide delivery

1.5.6 Gene delivery

1.6 Experimental methods: preparation of chitosan-acrylic acid-methyl methacrylate nanohydrogels by graft polymerization

1.7 Conclusions

References

One - Chitosan for musculoskeletal tissue engineering and regenerative medicine

2 - Chitosan for bone and cartilage regenerative engineering

2.1 Introduction

2.1.1 Materials for tissue regeneration

2.1.2 Cells

2.1.3 Signaling molecules

2.2 Chitosan to support tissue regeneration

2.2.1 Structure and origin

2.2.2 Preparation of chitosan scaffolds

2.3 Chitosan for bone regeneration

2.3.1 Anatomy, physiology, and growth of bone

2.3.2 Current approaches to bone defects

2.3.2.1 New direction of bone regenerative engineering.

2.3.3 Chitosan scaffolds for bone regenerative engineering

2.3.3.1 Chitosan sponges

2.3.3.2 Chitosan hydrogels

2.3.3.3 Chitosan fibers

2.3.3.4 Chitosan microspheres

2.4 Chitosan for cartilage regenerative engineering

2.4.1 Anatomy and physiology of cartilage

2.4.2 Current approaches in cartilage regenerative engineering

2.4.3 Chitosan scaffolds for cartilage regenerative engineering

2.4.3.1 Chitosan sponges

2.4.3.2 Chitosan hydrogels

2.4.3.3 Chitosan fibers

2.4.3.4 Chitosan microspheres

2.4.3.5 Chitosan 3-D printed scaffolds

2.5 Experimental methods

2.5.1 Experimental method for bone tissue engineering using chitosan

2.5.1.1 Cell culture on chitosan scaffolds for in vitro study

2.5.1.2 Scanning electron microscopy

2.5.1.3 Immunofluorescent staining for cell nuclei and cytoskeletal protein actin

2.5.1.4 Cell proliferation

2.5.1.5 Alkaline phosphatase activity

2.5.1.6 Gene expression

2.5.1.7 Extracellular calcium deposition

2.6 Conclusion

3 - Chitosan for tendon engineering and regeneration

3.1 Introduction

3.2 Properties of chitosan

3.3 Chitosan and tendon engineering

3.4 Chitosan and tendon regeneration

3.5 Chitosan and tendon adhesion

3.6 Chitosan scaffolds and TGF-β3

3.7 Experimental methods

3.7.1 Preparation of TGF-β3-loaded chitosan microspheres

3.7.2 Preparation and characterization of a three-dimensional chitosan scaffold

3.7.3 In vitro release of TGF-β3

3.7.4 Synoviocyte culture and cell seeding

3.8 Conclusions

Two - Chitosan for tissue engineering and regeneration of other tissues and organs

4 - Chitosan-based biomaterials for treatment of diabetes

4.1 Introduction

4.2 Islet cell transplants, microenvironment, hydrogels, and vascularization

4.3 Chitosan hydrogels for vascularization.

4.4 Chitosan for immunoisolation devices

4.5 Chitosan as an antidiabetic supplement

4.6 Chitosan for insulin delivery

4.7 Chitosan for islet imaging

4.8 Testing human islets for glucose-stimulated insulin secretion in vitro

4.8.1 Materials

4.8.2 Methods for preparation of collagen-based hydrogel

4.8.3 Methods for glucose-stimulated insulin secretion assay

4.8.4 Notes

4.9 Conclusions

Acknowledgments

5 - Chitosan for cardiac tissue engineering and regeneration

5.1 Cardiac tissue regeneration

5.2 Engineering tissues using biodegradable scaffolds

5.3 Chitosan-based scaffolds for cardiac tissue repair

5.3.1 Chitosan-gelatin with polycaprolactone support structures

5.3.2 Chitosan with other proteins

5.4 Using chitosan hydrogels in cardiac tissue regeneration

5.4.1 Chitosan-only hydrogels

5.4.2 Chitosan with other additives

5.5 Improved understanding of mechanical properties

5.6 Tissue regeneration

5.7 Methods for fabricating chitosan hydrogels and scaffolds

5.7.1 Scaffolds

5.7.2 Hydrogels

5.8 Methods for evaluating the mechanical properties and cell activity of chitosan hydrogels and scaffolds for cardiac applicati...

5.8.1 Compression tests

5.8.2 Tensile tests

5.8.3 Cyclical tests

5.8.4 Relax and hold tests

5.8.5 Action potential recording

5.8.6 Ca2+ imaging

5.9 Conclusions

Three - Chitosan for the deliveryof drugs and therapeutics

6 - Chitosan for the delivery of antibiotics

6.1 Background

6.2 Chitosan advantages in drug delivery

6.3 Delivery from chitosan films and coatings

6.4 Delivery from beads

6.4.1 Delivery from sponges

6.5 Delivery from hydrogels

6.6 Experimental methods

6.6.1 Elution studies.

6.6.2 Spectrophotometry, high-performance liquid chromatography, and other methods to detect antibiotic concentration

6.6.3 Turbidity testing

6.6.4 Zone of inhibition

6.6.5 Biofilm evaluation

6.7 Conclusions

7 - Chitosan-based scaffolds for growth factor delivery

7.1 Introduction

7.2 Chitosan as a biomaterial

7.2.1 Effect of degree of deacetylation

7.2.2 Effect of molecular weight

7.3 Growth factors in tissue regeneration

7.3.1 Bone morphogenetic protein

7.3.2 Epidermal growth factor

7.3.3 Fibroblast growth factor

7.3.4 Platelet-derived growth factor

7.3.5 Vascular endothelial growth factor

7.3.6 Transforming growth factor-β

7.3.7 Nerve growth factor

7.3.8 Insulin-like growth factor

7.4 Chitosan for growth factor delivery

7.4.1 Growth factor delivery by physical entrapment in chitosan scaffolds

7.4.1.1 Chitosan-based hydrogels for growth factor delivery

Live-dead assay to evaluate the cytocompatibility of gelation and viability of encapsulated cells

Cell culture

Hydrogel preparation and cell encapsulation

Live-dead assay

In vitro release study

7.4.1.2 Chitosan-based porous matrices for growth factor delivery

7.4.1.3 Chitosan-based micro- and nanoparticulates for growth factor delivery

7.4.1.4 Chitosan-based fibrous scaffolds for growth factor delivery

7.4.2 Growth factor delivery by covalent immobilization strategies

7.4.2.1 Carbodiimide immobilization

7.4.2.2 Photoimmobilization

7.4.2.3 Other methods of growth factor immobilization

7.5 Conclusions

8 - Chitosan for DNA and gene therapy

8.1 Introduction

8.2 Extra- and intracellular barriers to nonviral gene delivery

8.3 Nonviral vectors used in gene delivery

8.4 Chitosan as a gene delivery vector.

8.5 Factors influencing gene transfer efficacy of chitosan/pDNA polyplexes

8.5.1 Molecular weight

8.5.2 Degree of deacetylation

8.5.3 Stoichiometry (N/P ratio) of the polyplex

8.5.4 pH of the medium

8.5.5 Effect of serum concentration

8.6 Chemical modifications of chitosan to improve gene transfection efficiency

8.6.1 Hydrophobic modification

8.6.2 Hydrophilic modification

8.6.3 Amphiphilic modifications

8.6.4 Attachment of cell-specific ligands

8.6.5 Other modifications

8.7 Preparation and characterization of chitosan/pDNA polyplexes

8.7.1 Chitosan/pDNA polyplexes preparation

8.7.2 Physicochemical characteristics of chitosan/pDNA polyplexes

8.7.2.1 Size

8.7.2.2 Morphology

8.7.2.3 Zeta potential or surface charge

8.7.2.4 pDNA binding affinity

8.7.2.5 Buffer capacity

8.7.2.6 DNase protection

8.7.2.7 Colloidal stability

8.7.3 In vitro evaluation of chitosan/pDNA polyplexes

8.7.3.1 Cytotoxicity

8.7.3.2 Cellular uptake

8.7.3.3 Transfection efficiency

8.8 Conclusions

9 - Antimicrobial applications of chitosan

9.1 Introduction

9.2 Chemistry and characteristic of chitin/chitosan

9.3 Chitin/chitosan and its derivatives for antibacterial agents

9.3.1 Bacterial cell envelopes

9.3.2 Gram positive bacterial cell envelope

9.3.3 Gram negative bacterial cell envelope

9.3.4 Effect of molecular weight and degree of deacetylation on antibacterial properties of chitosan

9.3.4.1 Effect of molecular weight on antibacterial properties

9.3.4.2 Effect of degree of deacetylation on antibacterial properties

9.3.5 Molecular designs and chemical modification of chitin/chitosan for antibacterial activities

9.3.5.1 Molecular designs for antibacterial activities

9.3.5.2 Representative chemical modification of chitin/chitosan for antibacterial agents.

Quaternization of chitin/chitosan.

Notes:

Includes bibliographical references at the end of each chapters and index.

Description based on online resource; title from PDF title page (ebrary, viewed October 10, 2016).

Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.

ISBN:

9780081002568

0081002564

OCLC:

960164948