Synaptic transmission / Stephen D. Meriney, Erika Fanselow.

Format:

Book

Author/Creator:

Meriney, Stephen D., author.

Fanselow, Erika E. (Erika Elizabeth), 1971- author.

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Synapses.

Neural transmission.

Genre:

Electronic books.

Physical Description:

1 online resource

Place of Publication:

Amsterdam : Academic Press, 2019.

System Details:

text file

Summary:

Synaptic Transmission is a comprehensive guide to the topic of neurotransmission that provides an in-depth discussion on many aspects of synapse structure and function-a fundamental part of the neuroscience discipline. Chapters include boxes that describe renowned/award-winning researchers and their contributions to the field of synaptic transmission, diseases relevant to the material presented, details of experimental approaches used to study synaptic transmission, and interesting asides that expand on topics covered. This book will inspire students to appreciate how the basic cellular and molecular biology of the synapse can lead to a better understanding of nervous system function and neurological disorders.

Contents:

Hypothesis Development p. 1

The Use of Animal Model Systems to Study Synapses p. 2

Part I Synaptic Biophysics and Nerve Terminal Structure

2 The Formation and Structure of Synapses

How Do Neurons Send Signals to One Another? p. 7

Synapse Structure and Organization p. 13

How Does the Neuron Assemble the Cellular Components Required to Create Synapses? p. 15

Construction of Active Zones During Synapse Development p. 16

3 Basics of Cellular Neurophysiology

Neurons are Excitable Cells p. 19

Movement of Ions Across the Cell

Membrane p. 23

4 Ion Channels and Action Potential Generation

Ion Channels p. 35

Voltage-Gated Ion Channels p. 37

Ionic Currents Through Voltage-Gated Ion Channels p. 47

Action Potentials p. 53

5 Electrical Synapses

History of Electrical Synapses p. 65

Structure and Physiological Characteristics of Electrical Syapses p. 69

Roles of Electrical Synapses p. 76

Electrical Synapse Plasticity p. 85

Part II Regulation of Chemical Transmitter Release

6 Function of Chemical Synapses and the Quantal Theory of Transmitter Release

Costs and Advantages of Chemical Communication p. 95

Electrical Footprints of Chemical Transmitter Release p. 97

Spontaneous Release of Single Neurotransmitter Vesicles p. 102

The Quantal Theory of Chemical Transmitter Release p. 105

Quantal Analysis of Chemical Transmitter Release at the Neuromuscular junction p. 109

Quantal Analysis of Chemical Transmitter Release at Central Synapses p. 113

Optical Quantal Analysis p. 116

7 Calcium Homeostasis, Calcium Channels, and Transmitter Release

Calcium as a Trigger for Neurotransmitter Release p. 121

Control of Neurotransmitter Release by Calcium Ions p. 130

Voltage-Gated Calcium Channels in Nerve Terminals p. 141

8 Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Exocytosis

Discovery of the Mechanisms of Neurotransmitter Release p. 155

Biochemical Mechanims of Calcium-Triggered Synaptic Vesicle Fusion p. 163

9 Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Endocytosis and Synaptic Vesicle Trafficking

Retrieval and Reuse of Synaptic Vesicle Membrane p. 189

Endocytosis Occurs Outside the Active Zone p. 193

Mechanisms of Endocytosis p. 195

Clathrin-Mediated Endocytosis p. 195

Bulk Endocytosis p. 197

Kiss-and-Run p. 197

Synaptic Vesicle Pools p. 199

Synaptic Vesicle Trafficking in the Nerve Terminal p. 201

Part III Receptors and Signaling

10 Introduction to Receptors

Neurotransmitter Receptors Can Be Divided Into Two General Classes: Ionotropic and Metabotropic p. 209

Comparison Between Ionotropic and Metabotropic Receptors p. 213

11 Ionotropic Receptors

The Pentameric Ligand-Gated Ion Channel Family (Cys-Loop Receptors) p. 217

The Glutamate Ionotropic Receptor Family p. 227

The Trimeric Receptor Family p. 236

The Transient Receptor Potential Channel Family p. 239

12 Metabotropic G-Protein-Coupled Receptors and Their Cytoplasmic Signaling Pathways

Common Themes in Receptor Coupling to Heterotrimeric G-Proteins p. 251

The Four Most Common G-Protein-coupled Signaling Pathways in the Nervous System p. 255

Other G-Protein-Coupled Signaling Pathways in the Nervous System p. 265

Specificity of Coupling Between Receptors and G-Protein-Coupled Signaling Cascades p. 269

13 Synaptic Integration Within Postsynaptic Neurons

Passive Membrane Properties p. 277

Spines Are Specialized Postsynaptic Compartments on Dendrites p. 280

Active Membrane Properties p. 283

14 Synaptic Plasticity

Short-Term Synaptic Plasticity p. 288

Metabottopic Receptor-Mediated Plasticity of Ionotropic Signaling p. 299

Habituation and Sensitization p. 303

Long-Term Synaptic Plasticity p. 308

Clinical Cases That Focused the Investigation of Long-Term Synaptic Plasticity p. 308

Long-Term Potentiation p. 308

Physiological Stimulus Patterns That Can Induce Long-Term Potentiation p. 311

Associative Long-Term Potentiation p. 312

Spike Timing-Dependent Plasticity p. 313

Long-Term Depression p. 314

Heterosynaptic Plasticity p. 315

Synaptic Signaling Mechanisms of Long-Term Potentiation and Long-Term Depression p. 316

Metaplasticity p. 319

Plasticity Modulation p. 320

Homeostatic Synaptic Plasticity p. 320

Part IV Chemical Transmitters

15 Introduction to Chemical Transmitter Systems

Neurotransmitter Versus Neuromodulator p. 333

Criteria Used to Classify a Signaling Molecule as a Neurotransmitter p. 335

Neurotransmitter Characteristics p. 339

Types of Neurotransmitters p. 341

16 Acetylcholine

History of the Discovery of Acetylcholine and Its Identity as a Neurotransmitter p. 345

Synthesis, Release, and Termination of Action of Acetylcholine p. 350

Roles of Acetylcholine in the Nervous System p. 359

Drugs and Other Compounds that Affect Cholinergic Signaling p. 363

17 Monoamine Transmitters

Catecholamine Neurotransmitters p. 370

Serotonin p. 376

Histamine p. 382

Projections of Monoaminergic Neurons and Functions of Monoamines in the Nervous System p. 383

Therapeutic Drugs Related to Monoamine Neurotransmitters p. 390

Monoaminergic Drugs of Abuse p. 395

18 Amino Acid Neurotransmitters

Glutamate p. 399

GABA p. 406

GABA and the Neurological Disease Schizophrenia p. 412

Glycine p. 413

19 Neuropeptide Transmitters

How Do Neuropeptides Differ From Classical (Type 1) Neurotransmitters? p. 422

Neuropeptide Synthesis, Release, and Regulation p. 423

Neuropeptide Y as a Model for Neuropeptide Action p. 430

20 Gaseous Neurotransmitters

Nitric Oxide p. 435

Carbon Monoxide p. 443

Hydrogen Sulfide p. 445

21 The Use of Multiple Neurotransmitters at Synapses / Stephanie B. Aldrich

Overview and Historical Perspective p. 449

Cotransmission and Corelease of Neurotransmitters p. 452

Neurotransmitter Specification and Switching p. 463

22 Complex Signaling Within Tripartite Synapses

The Role of Astrocytes in Synaptic Function p. 482

Interactions Between Astrocytes: Gap Junctions and Calcium Waves p. 488

Release of Neurotransmitters From Astrocytes p. 489

Do Astrocytes Play a Role in Information Processing Within the Brain? p. 490.

Notes:

<p>1. Introduction</p><b> <p>Part 1: Synaptic Biophysics and Nerve Terminal Structure </b>2. The formation and Structure of Synapses 3. Basics of Cellular Neurophysiology 4. Ion Channels and Their Role in Generating Action Potentials 5. Electrical Synapses</p><b> <p>Part 2: Regulation of Chemical Transmitter Release </b>6. Function of Chemical Synapses and the Quantal Theory of Transmitter Release 7. Calcium Homeostasis, Calcium Channels, and Transmitter Release 8. Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Exocytosis 9. Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Endocytosis and Synaptic Vesicle Trafficking</p><b> <p>Part 3: Receptors and Signaling </b>10. Introduction to Receptors 11. Ionotropic Receptors 12. Metabotropic G-protein-coupled Receptors and Their Cytoplasmic Signaling Pathways 13. Synaptic Integration Within Postsynaptic Neurons 14. Synaptic Plasticity</p><b> <p>Part 4: Chemical Transmitters </b>15. Introduction to Chemical Transmitter Systems 16. Acetylcholine 17. Monoamine Transmitters 18. Amino Acid Neurotransmitters 19. Neuropeptide Transmitters 20. Gaseous Neurotransmitters 21. The Use of Multiple Neurotransmitters at Synapses 22. Complex Signaling Within Tripartite Synapses</p>

Description based on CIP data; resource not viewed.

Includes bibliographical references and index.

Other Format:

Print version:

ISBN:

9780128153215

0128153210

OCLC:

1104790551

Access Restriction:

Restricted for use by site license.