The biology and therapeutic application of mesenchymal cells. Volume I and II / edited by Kerry Atkinson.

Format:

Book

Contributor:

Atkinson, Kerry, editor.

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Mesenchymal stem cells.

Mesenchyme--Therapeutic use.

Mesenchyme.

Physical Description:

1 online resource (1,007 pages) : color illustrations, tables

Edition:

1st ed.

Place of Publication:

Hoboken, New Jersey : Wiley-Blackwell, 2017.

Summary:

The Biology and Therapeutic Application of Mesenchymal Cells comprehensively describes the cellular and molecular biology of mesenchymal stem cells and mesenchymal stromal cells, describing their therapeutic potential in a wide variety of preclinical models of human diseases and their mechanism of action in these preclinical models. Chapters also discuss the current status of the use of mesenchymal stem and stromal cells in clinical trials in a wide range of human diseases and disorders, for many of which there are limited, or no other, therapeutic avenues. * Provides coverage on both the biology of mesenchymal stem cells and stromal cells, and their therapeutic applications * Describes the therapeutic potential of mesenchymal stem and stromal cells in a wide variety of preclinical models of human diseases and their mechanism of action in these preclinical models * Discusses the current status of mesenchymal stem and stromal cells in clinical trials in a wide range of human diseases and disorders, for many of which there are limited, or no other, therapeutic avenues * Written and edited by leaders in the field The Biology and Therapeutic Application of Mesenchymal Cells is an invaluable resource for those studying stem cells, cell biology, genetics, gene or cell therapy, or regenerative medicine.

Contents:

The biology and therapeutic application of mesenchymal cells

Contents

Contributors

Editor's preface

Section I: An overview of mesenchymal stem cells and mesenchymal stromal cells

Chapter 1: The mesenchymal stem cell, the mesenchymal stromal cell, and the mesenchymal stromal cell exosome

1.1 Nomenclature

1.2 The mesenchymal stem cell

1.3 The mesenchymal stromal cell

1.4 The mesenchymal stromal cell exosome and extracellular vesicles

References

Chapter 2: The nomenclature of mesenchymal stem cells and mesenchymal stromal cells

2.1 Introduction

2.2 Historical perspective

2.3 The need for common terminology and definition: the International Society for Cellular Therapy white papers of the mid-2000s

2.4 Updating terminology

Section II: The isolation and ex vivo expansion of mesenchymal stromal cells

Chapter 3: The isolation and expansion of mesenchymal stromal cells from bone marrow

3.1 Introduction

3.2 Stem cells

3.3 Isolation and characterization of bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells

3.3.1 Cell surface markers

3.3.2 Chemokine receptor display

3.3.3 Mesodermal differentiation capability

3.4 The immunomodulatory properties of mesenchymal stromal cells

3.5 The transcriptome of mesenchymal stromal cells

Chapter 4: The biology and clinical applications of mesenchymal stromal cells derived from human gestational tissues

4.1 Introduction

4.2 Isolation of placental mesenchymal stromal cells

4.3 Characteristics of fetally derived mesenchymal stromal cells isolated from gestational tissues

4.3.1 Amniotic-membrane-derived mesenchymal stromal cells

4.3.2 Chorionic-membrane-derived mesenchymal stromal cells

4.4 Characteristics of maternally derived mesenchymal stromal cells isolated from gestational tissue (the decidua).

4.5 Comparison of mesenchymal stromal cells from fetal and maternal tissues isolated from gestational tissues

4.6 Comparison of gene expression profiles between human term-placenta-derived mesenchymal stromal cells, human adult bone-marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells, and human umbilical-cord-derived unrestricted somatic stem cells

4.7 Preclinical mesenchymal stromal cell studies

4.8 Clinical applications of placental mesenchymal stromal cells

4.9 Manufacturing clinical-grade placenta-derived mesenchymal stromal cells

4.9.1 Phase 1 clinical trials using unrelated major-histocompatibility-unmatched placenta-derived mesenchymal stromal cells

4.10 Conclusions

Chapter 5: Human placenta-derived mesenchymal stem/stromal cells: fetal and maternal origins and critical parameters for ex vivo expansion

5.1 Introduction

5.2 Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells: a consensus definition?

5.3 Prenatal and perinatal tissue sources of mesenchymal stem/stromal cells

5.4 Fetal tissue-derived mesenchymal stem/stromal cells

5.5 Placental and adnexal stem and progenitor cells

5.6 Comparison of mesenchymal stem/stromal cells from different gestational sources

5.7 Consensus classification of human placental mesenchymal stem/stromal cells?

5.8 Differentially isolating fetal or maternal mesenchymal stem/stromal cells from term placental villi

5.9 Confounding factors for the isolation of fetal placental mesenchymal stem/stromal cells from chorionic villi

5.10 Assumptions from the literature: lack of data, specific assays, and specific methodological detail

5.11 Methods for determining fetal and maternal mesenchymal stem/stromal cells in a cultured cell population

5.12 A novel method to isolate fetal and maternal placental mesenchymal stem/stromal cells.

5.13 Understanding the maternal origin of the placental mesenchymal stem/stromal cells: the septa

5.14 Conclusions and future directions

Acknowledgments

Section III: The cellular and molecular biology of mesenchymal stromal cells

Chapter 6: Epigenetic regulation of mesenchymal stem/stromal cell growth and multipotentiality

6.1 Introduction

6.2 Mesenchymal stromal/stem cells

6.3 Epigenetics

6.4 DNA methylation and histone modifications in mesenchymal stem/stromal cells

6.5 Epigenetic regulation of osteogenic differentiation

6.6 Epigenetic regulation of adipogenic differentiation

6.7 Epigenetic regulation of myogenic differentiation

6.8 Epigenetic regulation of chondrogenic differentiation

6.9 Epigenetic regulation of mesenchymal stem/stromal cell lifespan and senescence

6.10 Regulation of epigenetic modifications in mesenchymal stem/stromal cells for clinical use

6.11 Conclusions

Chapter 7: Biological changes in human mesenchymal stromal cells during monolayer culture

7.1 Introduction

7.2 Mesenchymal stromal cell isolation from bone marrow

7.3 Mesenchymal stromal cell isolation from adipose tissue

7.4 Biological characteristics

7.4.1 Morphology and colony formation

7.4.2 Growth kinetics

7.4.3 In vitro multipotency

7.4.4 Gene expression

7.4.5 Cell surface marker profile

7.4.6 Secretory profile

7.5 Influences on tissue culture parameters

7.5.1 Seeding density

7.5.2 Culture medium and supplementation

7.5.3 Growth factors

7.5.4 Xeno-free media

7.5.5 Platelet-derived supplements

7.5.6 Serum-free media

7.5.7 Hypoxia

7.6 Implications for basic and clinical research

7.6.1 Trial disparity

7.6.2 Alternative culture systems

7.7 Conclusions and future directions

References.

Chapter 8: The effect of three-dimensional aggregates on the biology of mesenchymal stromal cells

8.1 Three-dimensional multicellular aggregates

8.2 Three-dimensional aggregates of mesenchymal stromal cells

8.3 Mechanism of mesenchymal stromal cells self-assembly into three-dimensional aggregates

8.3.1 Cell-cell contact

8.3.2 Extracellular matrix and the cytoskeleton

8.3.3 Mesenchymal stromal cells heterospheroids

8.4 Mechanisms of aggregate-mediated mesenchymal stromal cell functional enhancement

8.4.1 Role of cell adhesion molecules in the fate decision of mesenchymal stromal cell three-dimensional aggregates

8.4.2 Effects of extracellular matrix, cytoskeleton, and morphology on mesenchymal stromal cell lineage commitment in three-dimensional aggregates

8.4.3 Role of molecular milieu and hypoxia-inducible factor activation

8.4.4 Metabolism changes in three-dimensional aggregates of mesenchymal stromal cells

8.4.5 Enhanced anti-inflammatory properties of three-dimensional aggregates of mesenchymal stromal cells

8.5 Bioreactor systems for three-dimensional aggregate production

8.5.1 Scale-up and dynamics of culture

8.5.2 Spinner flasks

8.5.3 Rotary wall vessel

8.5.4 Rotary orbital system

8.5.5 Comparison of spinner flask and rotary wall vessel

8.5.6 Other systems

8.6 Transplantation of three-dimensional mesenchymal stromal cell aggregates in preclinical animal models of disease

8.6.1 Enhanced secretory properties of mesenchymal stromal cells aggregates

8.6.2 Immunomodulation by mesenchymal stromal cell aggregates

8.6.3 Enhanced multilineage differentiation of three-dimensional mesenchymal stromal cells aggregates

8.6.4 Recapitulation of mesenchymal condensation and osteochondral differentiation in bone and cartilage regeneration

Chapter 9: Cell-cell signaling pathways that regulate mesenchymal stromal cell differentiation

9.1 Introduction

9.2 Mesenchymal stromal cell signaling is dependent on its type

9.3 Identity of bone-marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells

9.4 Mesenchymal stromal cell signaling in the stem cell niche

9.5 Regulation of mesenchymal stromal cell differentiation by the TGF-β/BMP signaling pathway

9.6 Regulation of mesenchymal stromal cell differentiation by the Wnt signaling pathway

9.7 Conclusions

Chapter 10: Regulation of mitochondrial transport in mesenchymal stromal cells

10.1 Introduction

10.2 Intercellular organelle transport

10.2.1 Intercellular communication

10.2.2 Mitochondrial biology

10.2.3 Intercellular mitochondrial transport/mitochondrial donation

10.3 Mesenchymal stromal cells as potential mitochondrial donors

10.3.1 Mechanism of intercellular mitochondrial transport regulation

10.4 Strategies to improve mitochondrial delivery to target cells

10.5 The road ahead

Chapter 11: The regulation of adipogenesis from adipose-derived stem/stromal cells

11.1 Introduction

11.2 Adipose-derived stem/stromal cells

11.2.1 Preparation and molecular characterization of adipose-derived stem/stromal cells

11.2.2 Differentiation capacity of adipose-derived stem/stromal cells

11.3 Process of adipogenic differentiation from adipose-derived stem/stromal cells

11.3.1 Adipocyte development program

11.3.2 Signaling pathways associated with adipogenic differentiation

11.4 Regulation of adipogenic differentiation from adipose-derived stem/stromal cells

11.4.1 Transcriptional regulation

11.4.2 Epigenetic regulation

11.4.3 Post-transcriptional regulation

11.5 The future

Chapter 12: Modulation of osteogenic differentiation in mesenchymal stromal cells.

Notes:

Includes index.

Includes bibliographical references at the end of each chapters.

Description based on online resource; title from PDF title page (ebrary, viewed November 18, 2016).

ISBN:

9781118907375

111890737X

9781118907290

1118907299

9781118907474

1118907477

OCLC:

950902017