Printable solar cells / edited by Nurdan Demirci Sankir and Mehmet Sankir.

Format:

Book

Contributor:

Demirci Sankir, Nurdan, editor.

Sankir, Mehmet, editor.

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Solar cells--Research.

Solar cells.

Solar cells--Design and construction.

Photovoltaic cells.

Photovoltaic power generation.

Perovskite materials.

Physical Description:

1 online resource (577 pages) : illustrations

Edition:

1st ed.

Place of Publication:

Hoboken, New Jersey : Scrivener Publishing : Wiley, 2017.

Summary:

Printable Solar Cells The book brings together the recent advances, new and cutting edge materials from solution process and manufacturing techniques that are the key to making photovoltaic devices more efficient and inexpensive. Printable Solar Cells provides an overall view of the new and highly promising materials and thin film deposition techniques for printable solar cell applications. The book is organized in four parts. Organic and inorganic hybrid materials and solar cell manufacturing techniques are covered in Part I. Part II is devoted to organic materials and processing technologies like spray coating. This part also demonstrates the key features of the interface engineering for the printable organic solar cells. The main focus of Part III is the perovskite solar cells, which is a new and promising family of the photovoltaic applications. Finally, inorganic materials and solution based thin film formation methods using these materials for printable solar cell application is discussed in Part IV. Audience The book will be of interest to a multidisciplinary group of fields, in industry and academia, including physics, chemistry, materials science, biochemical engineering, optoelectronic information, photovoltaic and renewable energy engineering, electrical engineering, mechanical and manufacturing engineering.

Contents:

Cover

Title Page

Copyright Page

Contents

Preface

Part I Hybrid Materials and Process Technologies for Printable Solar Cells

1 Organic and Inorganic Hybrid Solar Cells

1.1 Introduction

1.2 Organic/Inorganic Hybrid Solar Cells

1.2.1 Introduction to Hybrid Solar Cells

1.2.2 Hybrid Solar Cells

1.2.2.1 Operational Principles of Bulk Heterojunction Hybrid Solar Cells

1.2.2.2 Bulk Heterojunction Hybrid Solar Cells

1.2.2.3 Bilayer Heterojunction Hybrid Solar Cells

1.2.2.4 Inverted-Type Hybrid Bulk Heterojunction Solar Cells

1.2.2.5 Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells

1.2.2.6 Perovskite Solar Cells

1.3 Conclusion

References

2 Solution Processing and Thin Film Formation of Hybrid Semiconductors for Energy Applications

2.1 Physical Chemical Principles of Film Formation by Solution Processes: From Suspensions of Nanoparticles and Solutions to Nucleation, Growth, Coarsening and Microstructural Evolution of Films

2.2 Solution-Processing Techniques for Thin Film Deposition

2.2.1 Spin Coating

2.2.2 Doctor Blade

2.2.3 Slot-Die Coating

2.2.4 Spray Coating

2.3 Properties and Characterization of Thin Films: Transport, Active and Electrode Layers in Thin Film Solar Cells

2.4 Understanding the Crystallization Processes in Hybrid Semiconductor Films: Hybrid Perovskite as a Model

2.4.1 Thermal Transitions Revealed by DSC

2.4.2 Heat Transfer Processes in a Meso-Superstructured Perovskite Solar Cell

2.4.3 Effect of the Annealing Process on Morphology and Crystalline Properties of Perovskite Films

2.4.4 Role of Precursor Composition in the Crystallinity of Perovskite Films: Understanding the Role of Additives and Moisture in the Final Properties of Perovskite Layers

3 Organic-Inorganic Hybrid Solar Cells Based on Quantum Dots

3.1 Introduction.

3.2 Polymer/QD Solar Cells

3.2.1 Working Principle

3.2.2 Device Parameters

3.2.2.1 Open-Circuit Voltage (Voc)

3.2.2.2 Short-Circuit Current (Jsc)

3.2.2.3 Fill Factor (FF)

3.2.3 Device Structure

3.2.4 Progress of Polymer/QD Solar Cells

3.2.4.1 Device Based on Cd Compound

3.2.4.2 Device Based on Pb Compound

3.2.4.3 Device Based on CuInS2

3.2.5 Strategy for Improved Device Performance

3.2.5.1 QDs Surface Treatment

3.2.5.2 In-Situ Synthesis of QDs

3.2.5.3 Polymer End-Group Functionalization

3.3 Outlooks and Conclusions

Acknowledgment

4 Hole Transporting Layers in Printable Solar Cells

4.1 Introduction

4.2 Hole Transporting Layers in Organic Solar Cells

4.2.1 Utility of Hole Transporting Layers

4.2.1.1 Energy Level Alignment at the Interfaces and Effect on the Open-Circuit Voltage

4.2.1.2 Definition of Device Polarity, Charge Transport and Use as Blocking Layer

4.2.1.3 Optical Spacer

4.2.1.4 Modulation of the Active Layer Morphology and Use as Protective Layer

4.2.2 Overview of Materials Used as Hole Transporting Layers

4.2.2.1 Polymers

4.2.2.2 Small Molecules

4.2.2.3 Metals

4.2.2.4 Metal Oxides

4.2.2.5 Metal Salts

4.2.2.6 Carbon Nanotubes

4.2.2.7 Graphene-Based Materials

4.2.2.8 Self-Assembled Monolayers

4.3 Hole Transporting Layers in Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells

4.3.1 Overview of Materials Used as Hole Transporting Layers

4.3.1.1 Small Molecules

4.3.1.2 Polymers

4.4 Hole Transporting Layers in Perovskite Solar Cells

4.4.1 Overview of Materials Used as Hole Transporting Layers

4.4.1.1 Small Molecules

4.4.1.2 Polymers

4.4.1.3 Metal Oxides

4.4.1.4 Metal Salts

4.4.1.5 Carbon Nanotubes

4.4.1.6 Graphene-Based Materials

4.5 Concluding Remarks

5 Printable Solar Cells

5.1 Introduction.

5.2 Printable Solar Cells Working Principles

5.2.1 CIGS Solar Cells

5.2.2 Perovskite Solar Cells

5.2.3 Organic Solar Cells

5.2.4 Printable Charge-Carrier Selective Layers

5.3 Solution-Based Deposition of Thin Film Layers

5.3.1 Coating Techniques

5.3.1.1 Casting

5.3.1.2 Spin Coating

5.3.1.3 Blade Coating

5.3.1.4 Slot-Die Coating

5.3.2 Printing Techniques

5.3.2.1 Screen Printing

5.3.2.2 Gravure Printing

5.3.2.3 Flexographic Printing

5.3.2.4 Inkjet Printing

5.4 Characterization Techniques

5.4.1 Characterization of Thin Layers

5.4.2 Electrical Characterization of Solar Cells

5.5 Conclusion

Part II Organic Materials and Process Technologies for Printable Solar Cells

6 Spray-Coated Organic Solar Cells

6.1 Introduction

6.2 Introduction of Spray-Coating Method

6.2.1 History of Spray Coating

6.2.2 Spray-Coating Equipment

6.2.2.1 Airbrush Spray Deposition

6.2.2.2 Ultrasonic Spray Deposition

6.2.2.3 Electrospray Deposition

6.2.3 Spray-Coating Treatment

6.2.3.1 Thermal Annealing

6.2.3.2 Solvent Treatments

6.3 Materials for Spray Coating

6.3.1 Organic Materials

6.3.2 Metal Oxide and Nanoparticles

6.3.3 Perovskite

6.4 Application of Spray Coating

6.5 Conclusions

7 Interface Engineering: A Key Aspect for the Potential Commercialization of Printable Organic Photovoltaic Cells

7.1 Introduction

7.2 SD-PSCs Based on P3HT:PCBM Active Layers

7.2.1 Increase in Donor-Acceptor Interface through Nanostructuration of SD-PSCs

7.2.2 Generation of Vertical Concentration Gradient by Addition of Regiorandom P3HT in SD-PSCs

7.2.3 Generation of Vertical Concentration Gradient and Molecular Orientation by Rubbing P3HT in SD-PSCs.

7.3 High Performance BHJ-PSCs with Favorable Molecular Orientation Resulting from Active Layer/Substrate Interactions

7.4 Strongly Bond Metal Leaves as Laminated Top Electrodes for Low-Cost PSC Fabrication

7.5 Conclusions

8 Structural, Optical, Electrical and Electronic Properties of PEDOT: PSS Thin Films and Their Application in Solar Cells

8.1 Introduction

8.2 Chemical Structure of PEDOT:PSS

8.3 Optical and Electrical Characteristics of PEDOT:PSS

8.4 Electronic Characteristics of PEDOT:PSS

8.5 Highly Conductive PEDOT:PSS Thin Films

8.6 Hole-Transporting Materials: PEDOT:PSS Thin Films

8.6.1 Effect of PEDOT/PSS Ratio

8.6.2 Effect of Spin Rate

8.6.3 Effect of Thermal Annealing Temperature

8.6.4 Effects of Viscosity of PEDOT:PSS Solutions

8.7 Directions for Future Development

8.8 Conclusion

Reference

Part III Perovskites and Process Technologies for Printable Solar Cells

9 Organometal Trihalide Perovskite Absorbers: Optoelectronic Properties and Applications for Solar Cells

9.1 Introduction

9.2 Optical Properties of Organic-Inorganic Perovskite Materials

9.3 Charge Transport Properties

9.4 Electron Transporting Materials (ETM)

9.5 Hole-Transporting Materials (HTM)

9.6 Perovskite Solar Cells Architectures

9.7 Perovskite Deposition Methods

9.8 Photoexcited States

9.9 Hysteresis

9.10 Stability in Humid Environment

9.11 Stability Under UV Light Exposure

9.12 Stability at High Temperatures

9.13 Additives

9.14 Conclusions and Outlook

10 Organic-Inorganic Hybrid Perovskite Solar Cells with Scalable and Roll-to-Roll Compatible Printing/Coating Processes

10.1 Introduction

10.2 Optoelectronic Properties

10.3 History

10.4 Device Configurations

10.5 Functional Materials.

10.5.1 The Organic-Inorganic Halide Perovskites

10.5.2 Electron-Selective Layer

10.5.3 Hole-Selective Layer

10.5.4 Transparent Electrode

10.5.5 Counter Electrode

10.6 Spin Coating

10.7 Roll-to-Roll Processing

10.8 Substrate Limitation

10.9 Printing and Coating Methods

10.9.1 Coating Methods

10.9.1.1 Slot-Die Coating

10.9.1.2 Spray Coating

10.9.1.3 Doctor Blade Coating

10.9.1.4 Knife Coating

10.9.1.5 Reverse Gravure Coating

10.9.2 Printing Methods

10.9.2.1 Gravure Printing

10.9.2.2 Flexographic Printing

10.9.2.3 Screen Printing

10.9.2.4 Inkjet Printing

10.10 Future Outlook

11 Inkjet Printable Processes for Dye-Sensitized and Perovskite Solar Cells and Modules Based on Advanced Nanocomposite Materials

11.1 Introduction

11.1.1 Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells

11.1.2 Perovskite Solar Cells

11.2 Inkjet Printing Process

11.2.1 Inkjet Printing in DSSC Technology

11.2.1.1 Inkjet Printing of Transition Metal Oxides

11.2.1.2 Inkjet Printing of Dyes on Semiconducting Oxides

11.2.1.3 Inkjet Printing of Ionic Liquid-Based Electrolytes

11.2.2 Inkjet Printing in Perovskite Solar Cell Technology

11.2.2.1 Inkjet Printing of Perovskite Material

11.3 Conclusions

Part IV Inorganic Materials and Process Technologies for Printable Solar Cells

12 Solution-Processed Kesterite Solar Cells

12.1 Introduction

12.2 Fundamental Aspects of Kesterite Solar Cells

12.2.1 Crystal Structure

12.2.2 Phase Space and Secondary Phases

12.2.3 Optical and Electrical Properties

12.2.4 Device Architecture

12.3 Keterite Absorber Deposition Strategies

12.4 Electrodeposition

12.4.1 Stacked Elemental Layer (SEL) Electrodeposition

12.4.2 Metallic Alloy Co-electrodeposition

12.4.3 Chalcogenide Co-electrodeposition

12.5 Direct Solution Coating.

12.5.1 Hydrazine Solution Coating.

Notes:

Includes bibliographical references at the end of each chapters and index.

Description based on print version record.

ISBN:

9781119283744

1119283744

9781523115044

1523115041

9781119283737

1119283736

9781119283720

1119283728

OCLC:

974796268