Advanced programming in the UNIX environment / W. Richard Stevens, Stephen A. Rago

Format:

Book

Author/Creator:

Stevens, W. Richard, Author.

Rago, Stephen A., author.

Series:

Addison-Wesley professional computing

Addison-Wesley professional computing series

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

UNIX (Computer file).

Operating systems (Computers).

Physical Description:

1 online resource : illustrations

Edition:

Third edition

Place of Publication:

Upper Saddle River, N.J. : Addison Wesley [2013]

Language Note:

English

Summary:

For more than twenty years, serious C programmers have relied on one book for practical, in-depth knowledge of the programming interfaces that drive the UNIX and Linux kernels: W. Richard Stevens’ Advanced Programming in the UNIX® Environment . Now, once again, Rich’s colleague Steve Rago has thoroughly updated this classic work. The new third edition supports today’s leading platforms, reflects new technical advances and best practices, and aligns with Version 4 of the Single UNIX Specification. Steve carefully retains the spirit and approach that have made this book so valuable. Building on Rich’s pioneering work, he begins with files, directories, and processes, carefully laying the groundwork for more advanced techniques, such as signal handling and terminal I/O. He also thoroughly covers threads and multithreaded programming, and socket-based IPC. This edition covers more than seventy new interfaces, including POSIX asynchronous I/O, spin locks, barriers, and POSIX semaphores. Most obsolete interfaces have been removed, except for a few that are ubiquitous. Nearly all examples have been tested on four modern platforms: Solaris 10, Mac OS X version 10.6.8 (Darwin 10.8.0), FreeBSD 8.0, and Ubuntu version 12.04 (based on Linux 3.2). As in previous editions, you’ll learn through examples, including more than ten thousand lines of downloadable, ISO C source code. More than four hundred system calls and functions are demonstrated with concise, complete programs that clearly illustrate their usage, arguments, and return values. To tie together what you’ve learned, the book presents several chapter-length case studies, each reflecting contemporary environments. Advanced Programming in the UNIX® Environment has helped generations of programmers write code with exceptional power, performance, and reliability. Now updated for today’s systems, this third edition will be even more valuable.

Contents:

Intro

About This eBook

Title Page

Copyright Page

Praise for Advanced Programming in the UNIX® Environment, Second Edition

Praise for the First Edition

Dedication Page

Contents

Foreword to the Second Edition

Preface

Introduction

Changes from the Second Edition

Acknowledgments

Preface to the Second Edition

Changes from the First Edition

Preface to the First Edition

Unix Standards

Organization of the Book

Examples in the Text

Systems Used to Test the Examples

1. UNIX System Overview

1.1. Introduction

1.2. UNIX Architecture

1.3. Logging In

1.4. Files and Directories

1.5. Input and Output

1.6. Programs and Processes

1.7. Error Handling

1.8. User Identification

1.9. Signals

1.10. Time Values

1.11. System Calls and Library Functions

1.12. Summary

Exercises

2. UNIX Standardization and Implementations

2.1. Introduction

2.2. UNIX Standardization

2.3. UNIX System Implementations

2.4. Relationship of Standards and Implementations

2.5. Limits

2.6. Options

2.7. Feature Test Macros

2.8. Primitive System Data Types

2.9. Differences Between Standards

2.10. Summary

3. File I/O

3.1. Introduction

3.2. File Descriptors

3.3. open and openat Functions

3.4. creat Function

3.5. close Function

3.6. lseek Function

3.7. read Function

3.8. write Function

3.9. I/O Efficiency

3.10. File Sharing

3.11. Atomic Operations

3.12. dup and dup2 Functions

3.13. sync, fsync, and fdatasync Functions

3.14. fcntl Function

3.15. ioctl Function

3.16. /dev/fd

3.17. Summary

4. Files and Directories

4.1. Introduction

4.2. stat, fstat, fstatat, and lstat Functions

4.3. File Types.

4.4. Set-User-ID and Set-Group-ID

4.5. File Access Permissions

4.6. Ownership of New Files and Directories

4.7. access and faccessat Functions

4.8. umask Function

4.9. chmod, fchmod, and fchmodat Functions

4.10. Sticky Bit

4.11. chown, fchown, fchownat, and lchown Functions

4.12. File Size

4.13. File Truncation

4.14. File Systems

4.15. link, linkat, unlink, unlinkat, and remove Functions

4.16. rename and renameat Functions

4.17. Symbolic Links

4.18. Creating and Reading Symbolic Links

4.19. File Times

4.20. futimens, utimensat, and utimes Functions

4.21. mkdir, mkdirat, and rmdir Functions

4.22. Reading Directories

4.23. chdir, fchdir, and getcwd Functions

4.24. Device Special Files

4.25. Summary of File Access Permission Bits

4.26. Summary

5. Standard I/O Library

5.1. Introduction

5.2. Streams and FILE Objects

5.3. Standard Input, Standard Output, and Standard Error

5.4. Buffering

5.5. Opening a Stream

5.6. Reading and Writing a Stream

5.7. Line-at-a-Time I/O

5.8. Standard I/O Efficiency

5.9. Binary I/O

5.10. Positioning a Stream

5.11. Formatted I/O

5.12. Implementation Details

5.13. Temporary Files

5.14. Memory Streams

5.15. Alternatives to Standard I/O

5.16. Summary

6. System Data Files and Information

6.1. Introduction

6.2. Password File

6.3. Shadow Passwords

6.4. Group File

6.5. Supplementary Group IDs

6.6. Implementation Differences

6.7. Other Data Files

6.8. Login Accounting

6.9. System Identification

6.10. Time and Date Routines

6.11. Summary

7. Process Environment

7.1. Introduction

7.2. main Function

7.3. Process Termination

7.4. Command-Line Arguments

7.5. Environment List

7.6. Memory Layout of a C Program

7.7. Shared Libraries.

7.8. Memory Allocation

7.9. Environment Variables

7.10. setjmp and longjmp Functions

7.11. getrlimit and setrlimit Functions

7.12. Summary

8. Process Control

8.1. Introduction

8.2. Process Identifiers

8.3. fork Function

8.4. vfork Function

8.5. exit Functions

8.6. wait and waitpid Functions

8.7. waitid Function

8.8. wait3 and wait4 Functions

8.9. Race Conditions

8.10. exec Functions

8.11. Changing User IDs and Group IDs

8.12. Interpreter Files

8.13. system Function

8.14. Process Accounting

8.15. User Identification

8.16. Process Scheduling

8.17. Process Times

8.18. Summary

9. Process Relationships

9.1. Introduction

9.2. Terminal Logins

9.3. Network Logins

9.4. Process Groups

9.5. Sessions

9.6. Controlling Terminal

9.7. tcgetpgrp, tcsetpgrp, and tcgetsid Functions

9.8. Job Control

9.9. Shell Execution of Programs

9.10. Orphaned Process Groups

9.11. FreeBSD Implementation

9.12. Summary

10. Signals

10.1. Introduction

10.2. Signal Concepts

10.3. signal Function

10.4. Unreliable Signals

10.5. Interrupted System Calls

10.6. Reentrant Functions

10.7. SIGCLD Semantics

10.8. Reliable-Signal Terminology and Semantics

10.9. kill and raise Functions

10.10. alarm and pause Functions

10.11. Signal Sets

10.12. sigprocmask Function

10.13. sigpending Function

10.14. sigaction Function

10.15. sigsetjmp and siglongjmp Functions

10.16. sigsuspend Function

10.17. abort Function

10.18. system Function

10.19. sleep, nanosleep, and clock_nanosleep Functions

10.20. sigqueue Function

10.21. Job-Control Signals

10.22. Signal Names and Numbers

10.23. Summary

11. Threads

11.1. Introduction

11.2. Thread Concepts

11.3. Thread Identification.

11.4. Thread Creation

11.5. Thread Termination

11.6. Thread Synchronization

11.7. Summary

12. Thread Control

12.1. Introduction

12.2. Thread Limits

12.3. Thread Attributes

12.4. Synchronization Attributes

12.5. Reentrancy

12.6. Thread-Specific Data

12.7. Cancel Options

12.8. Threads and Signals

12.9. Threads and fork

12.10. Threads and I/O

12.11. Summary

13. Daemon Processes

13.1. Introduction

13.2. Daemon Characteristics

13.3. Coding Rules

13.4. Error Logging

13.5. Single-Instance Daemons

13.6. Daemon Conventions

13.7. Client-Server Model

13.8. Summary

14. Advanced I/O

14.1. Introduction

14.2. Nonblocking I/O

14.3. Record Locking

14.4. I/O Multiplexing

14.5. Asynchronous I/O

14.6. readv and writev Functions

14.7. readn and writen Functions

14.8. Memory-Mapped I/O

14.9. Summary

15. Interprocess Communication

15.1. Introduction

15.2. Pipes

15.3. popen and pclose Functions

15.4. Coprocesses

15.5. FIFOs

15.6. XSI IPC

15.7. Message Queues

15.8. Semaphores

15.9. Shared Memory

15.10. POSIX Semaphores

15.11. Client-Server Properties

15.12. Summary

16. Network IPC: Sockets

16.1. Introduction

16.2. Socket Descriptors

16.3. Addressing

16.4. Connection Establishment

16.5. Data Transfer

16.6. Socket Options

16.7. Out-of-Band Data

16.8. Nonblocking and Asynchronous I/O

16.9. Summary

17. Advanced IPC

17.1. Introduction

17.2. UNIX Domain Sockets

17.3. Unique Connections

17.4. Passing File Descriptors

17.5. An Open Server, Version 1

17.6. An Open Server, Version 2

17.7. Summary

18. Terminal I/O

18.1. Introduction

18.2. Overview

18.3. Special Input Characters.

18.4. Getting and Setting Terminal Attributes

18.5. Terminal Option Flags

18.6. stty Command

18.7. Baud Rate Functions

18.8. Line Control Functions

18.9. Terminal Identification

18.10. Canonical Mode

18.11. Noncanonical Mode

18.12. Terminal Window Size

18.13. termcap, terminfo, and curses

18.14. Summary

19. Pseudo Terminals

19.1. Introduction

19.2. Overview

19.3. Opening Pseudo-Terminal Devices

19.4. pty_fork Function

19.5. pty Program

19.6. Using the pty Program

19.7. Advanced Features

19.8. Summary

20. A Database Library

20.1. Introduction

20.2. History

20.3. The Library

20.4. Implementation Overview

20.5. Centralized or Decentralized?

20.6. Concurrency

20.7. Building the Library

20.8. Source Code

20.9. Performance

20.10. Summary

21. Communicating with a Network Printer

21.1. Introduction

21.2. The Internet Printing Protocol

21.3. The Hypertext Transfer Protocol

21.4. Printer Spooling

21.5. Source Code

21.6. Summary

Appendix A. Function Prototypes

Appendix B. Miscellaneous Source Code

B.1. Our Header File

B.2. Standard Error Routines

Appendix C. Solutions to Selected Exercises

Chapter 1

Chapter 2

Chapter 3

Chapter 4

Chapter 5

Chapter 6

Chapter 7

Chapter 8

Chapter 9

Chapter 10

Chapter 11

Chapter 12

Chapter 13

Chapter 14

Chapter 15

Chapter 16

Chapter 17

Chapter 18

Chapter 19

Chapter 20

Chapter 21

Bibliography

Index.

Notes:

Includes bibliographical references.

Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.

ISBN:

9780321638007

032163800X

9780321637994

0321637992

9780321637734

0321637739

OCLC:

813047298