The molecular life of plants / Russell Jones [and others].

Format:

Book

Contributor:

Jones, Russell L.

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Botany--Research.

Plant physiology.

Plant molecular biology.

Plant molecular biology--Textbooks.

Plant physiology--Textbooks.

Botany--Research--Textbooks.

Botany.

Plant Physiological Phenomena.

növények--molekuláris biológia.

növényélettan.

botanika.

Medical Subjects:

Plant Physiological Phenomena.

Local Subjects:

növények--molekuláris biológia.

növényélettan.

botanika.

Genre:

Textbooks.

Physical Description:

xxiv, 742 pages : color illustrations ; 28 cm

Place of Publication:

Chichester, West Sussex ; Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell, 2013.

Summary:

This book presents students with an innovative, integrated approach to plant science. It looks at the processes and mechanisms that underlie each stage of plant life and describes the intricate network of cellular, molecular, biochemical and physiological events through which plants make life on land possible. Richly illustrated, this book follows the life of the plant, starting with the seed, progressing through germination to the seedling and mature plant, and ending with reproduction and senescence. This "seed-to-seed" approach will provide students with a logical framework for acquiring the knowledge needed to fully understand plant growth and development.

Contents:

Part I. Origins

Plant life : a primer

Molecules, metabolism and energy

Genome organization and expression

Cell architecture

Part II. Germination

Membrane transport and intracellular protein trafficking

Seed to seedling : germination and mobilization of seed reserves

Metabolism of reserves : respiration and gluconeogenesis

Part III. Emergence

Light perception and transduction

Photosynthesis and photorespiration

Part IV. Growth

Hormones and other signals

The cell cycle and meristems

Growth and development

Part V. Maturation

Mineral nutrient acquisition and assimilation

Intercellular and long-distance transport

Environmental interactions

Part VI. Renewal

Flowering and sexual reproduction

Development and dormancy of resting structures

Senescence, ripening and cell death.

12.6. Shoot architecture and stature (starting p. 444)

12.6.1. Plant structure is modular (starting p. 444)

12.6.2. Branching is the result of interactions between apical and lateral growth (starting p. 445)

12.6.3. Crop breeding has exploited genetic variation in stature to produce dwarf and semi-dwarf 'Green Revolution' cereals (starting p. 447)

Part V Maturation

13. Mineral nutrient acquisition and assimilation (starting p. 455)

13.1. Introduction to plant nutrition (starting p. 455)

13.1.1. Deficiency symptoms reflect the function and mobility of an element within the plant (starting p. 455)

13.1.2. Other organs in addition to roots may function in nutrient acquisition (starting p. 459)

13.1.3. Technologies used to study mineral nutrition include hydroponics and rhizotrons (starting p. 460)

13.1.4. The rhizosphere affects mineral availability to plants (starting p. 461)

13.2. Nitrogen (starting p. 463)

13.2.1. In the biosphere nitrogen cycles between inorganic and organic pools (starting p. 463)

13.2.2. Nitrogen fixation converts dinitrogen gas into NH3 (starting p. 465)

13.2.3. Biological nitrogen fixation is catalyzed by nitrogenase (starting p. 465)

13.2.4. Dinitrogen fixation occurs via a catalytic cycle (starting p. 467)

13.2.5. Uptake of ammonium into the symplasm occurs via specific membrane channels (starting p. 469)

13.2.6. Roots take up nitrate in preference to other forms of nitrogen (starting p. 469)

13.2.7. Nitrate reduction is the first step in nitrogen assimilation (starting p. 471)

13.2.8. Nitrate reduction is regulated by controlling the synthesis and activity of nitrate reductase (starting p. 473)

13.2.9. Nitrogen enters into organic combination through the GS-GOGAT pathway (starting p. 475)

13.3. Phosphorus (starting p. 477)

13.3.1. Phosphorus enters the biosphere as phosphate (starting p. 478)

13.3.2. Phosphate is actively accumulated by root cells (starting p. 479)

13.3.3. Plants modify the rhizosphere and form mycorrhizal associations to improve phosphorus availability (starting p. 481)

13.4. Sulfur (starting p. 483)

13.4.1. The sulfur cycle involves the interconversion of oxidized and reduced sulfur species (starting p. 484)

13.4.2. Plants acquire sulfur mainly as sulfate from the soil (starting p. 485)

13.4.3. The reduction of sulfate and its assimilation is catalyzed by a series of enzymes (starting p. 487)

13.4.4. Two enzymes catalyze the final steps of sulfate assimilation into cysteine (starting p. 489)

13.4.5. Sulfur assimilation shares some features with nitrogen assimilation (starting p. 491)

13.5. Cationic macronutrients: potassium, calcium and magnesium (starting p. 491)

13.5.1. Potassium is the most abundant cation in plant tissues (starting p. 492)

13.5.2. Tightly regulated channels and transporters ensure cytosolic calcium is maintained at submicromolar concentrations (starting p. 494)

13.5.3. Channels in the plasma membrane deliver magnesium to the cytosol, and an antiporter mediates transfer from cytosol to vacuole (starting p. 496)

13.6. Micronutrients (starting p. 496)

13.6.1. Iron is an essential component of biological electron transfer processes (starting p. 497)

13.6.2. Several micronutrient elements are toxic in excess (starting p. 499)

13.6.3. Aluminum is a non-nutrient mineral responsible for toxic reactions in many plants growing on acid soils (starting p. 499)

13.6.4. Heavy metal homeostasis is mediated by metal-binding metabolites and proteins (starting p. 502)

14. Intercellular an long-distance transport (starting p. 504)

14.1. Introduction to transport of water and solutes (starting p. 504)

14.2. The concept of water potential (starting p. 505)

14.2.1. Solutes lower the water potential (starting p. 506)

14.2.2. Pressure can increase or decrease water potential (starting p. 506)

14.2.3. Gravity increases water potential and is a large component of Ψw in trees (starting p. 507)

14.3. Water uptake by plant cells (starting p. 507)

14.3.1. The permeability of biological membranes to water influences water uptake by plant cells (starting p. 507)

14.3.2. Diffusion and bulk flow drive movement of water and solute in plants (starting p. 508)

14.4. The role of plasmodesmata in solute and water transport (starting p. 509)

14.4.1. Plasmodesmata increase the flow of water and solutes between cells (starting p. 510)

14.4.2. Fluorescent probes provide an estimate of the sire exclusion limit of plasmodesmata (starting p. 511)

14.4.3. Endogenous macromolecules move from cell to cell via plasmodesmata (starting p. 512)

14.4.4. Viral RNA can move from cell to cell via plasmodesmata (starting p. 513)

14.5. Translocation of photosynthate in the phloem (starting p. 514)

14.5.1. Sieve elements and companion cells are unique cell types in the phloem of flowering plants (starting p. 514)

14.5.2. Sieve elements contain high concentrations of solutes and have high turgor pressure (starting p. 515)

14.5.3. Sieve elements have open sieve plates that allow pressure-driven solute flow (starting p. 516)

14.6. Phloem loading, translocation and unloading (starting p. 518)

14.6.1. At the source, phloem loading can occur from the apoplast or through the symplasm (starting p. 518)

14.6.2. Sucrose and other non-reducing sugars are translocated in the phloem (starting p. 519)

14.6.3. Long-distance pressure-flow in the phloem is not energy-dependent (starting p. 521)

14.6.4. Phloem unloading involves a series of short-distance transport events (starting p. 521)

14.7. Water movement in the xylem (starting p. 521)

14.7.1. Water-conducting tissue of the xylem consists of low-resistance vessels and tracheids (starting p. 522)

14.7.2. Transpiration provides the driving force for xylem transport (starting p. 523)

14.7.3. Under special circumstances sucrose may be transported from roots to shoots within the xylem (starting p. 523)

14.7.4. Cavitation in tracheary elements interferes with water transport (starting p. 524)

14.7.5. Tracheary elements can be refilled with water by root pressure (starting p. 525)

14.8. The path of water from soil to atmosphere (starting p. 525)

14.8.1. There are two pathways by which water enters the root (starting p. 525)

14.8.2. The uptake of solutes and loading and unloading of the xylem are active processes (starting p. 526)

14.8.3. A number of structural and physiological features allow plants to control evapotranspiration from their shoots (starting p. 526)

14.8.4. Differences in water vapor concentration and resistances in the pathway drive evapotranspiration (starting p. 526)

14.8.5. Stomata] guard cells are key regulators of water loss from leaves (starting p. 528)

14.8.6. Stomata open and close in response to a variety of environmental factors (starting p. 530)

14.8.7. The opening of stomata during the day represents a physiological compromise (starting p. 532)

15. Environmental interactions (starting p. 534)

15.1. Introduction to plant-environment interactions (starting p. 534)

15.2. General principles of plant-environment interactions (starting p. 534)

15.2.1. Environmental factors may have both positive and negative effects (starting p. 535)

15.2.2. Plants are equipped with mechanisms to avoid or tolerate stress (starting p. 536)

15.2.3. Plants respond to the environment over the short term by acclimation, and on an evolutionary timescale by adaptation (starting p.

Notes:

Includes bibliographical references and index.

ISBN:

9780470870112

0470870117

9780470870129

0470870125

9780470870136

0470870133

OCLC:

787506460