Handbook of thermal analysis and calorimetry. Volume 6 : recent advances, techniques and applications / edited by Sergey Vyazovkin, Nobuyoshi Koga and Christoph Schick.

Format:

Book

Contributor:

Vyazovkin, Sergey, editor.

Koga, Nobuyoshi, editor.

Schick, Christoph, editor.

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Calorimetry.

Calorimetry--Handbooks, manuals, etc.

Physical Description:

1 online resource (862 pages) : illustrations (some color)

Edition:

Second edition.

Place of Publication:

Amsterdam, Netherlands : Elsevier, 2018.

Summary:

Handbook of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry: Recent Advances, Techniques and Applications, Volume Six, Second Edition, presents the latest in a series that has been well received by the thermal analysis and calorimetry community. This volume covers recent advances in techniques and applications that complement the earlier volumes. There has been tremendous progress in the field in recent years, and this book puts together the most high-impact topics selected for their popularity by new editors Sergey Vyazovkin, Nobuyoshi Koga and Christoph Schick--all editors of Thermochimica Acta.Among the important new techniques covered are biomass conversion; sustainable polymers; polymer nanocompsoties; nonmetallic glasses; phase change materials; propellants and explosives; applications to pharmaceuticals; processes in ceramics, metals, and alloys; ionic liquids; fast-scanning calorimetry, and more.- Features 19 all-new chapters to bring readers up to date on the current status of the field- Provides a broad overview of recent progress in the most popular techniques and applications- Includes chapters authored by a recognized leader in each field and compiled by a new team of editors, each with at least 20 years of experience in the field of thermal analysis and calorimetry- Enables applications across a wide range of modern materials, including polymers, metals, alloys, ceramics, energetics and pharmaceutics- Overviews the current status of the field and summarizes recent progress in the most popular techniques and applications

Contents:

Front Cover

Handbook of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry

Copyright

Contents

Contributors

Foreword

Chapter 1: Development of Direct and Indirect Methods for the Determination of Vaporization Enthalpies of Extremely Low-V ...

1.1. Introduction

1.2. Kinetic Methods of Thermal Analysis (Vaporization) of Low-Volatile Compounds

1.3. Temperature Programed Desorption Combined With LOSMS

1.4. Thermogravimetric Methods for the Determination of Vapor Pressures and Thermal Stability of High Boiling Substances

1.5. Absolute Vapor Pressures of Extremely Low-Volatile Compounds From FSC

1.6. Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC)

1.7. Static Vapor Pressure Measurements

1.8. Calvet Vaporization Drop Microcalorimetry

1.9. Transpiration Method

1.10. UV Spectroscopy for Vaporization Studies of Low-Volatile Compounds

1.11. Correlation Gas Chromatography

1.12. How to Adjust ∆lgHmo(T) Values to the Reference Temperature 298.15K Properly?

1.13. Indirect Determination of Molar Enthalpies of Vaporization of ILs from Calorimetric Results

1.14. Conclusions and Outlook

References

Chapter 2: Fast Scanning Chip Calorimetry

2.1. Introduction

2.2. FSC Instrumentation

2.2.1. Fast Scanning Sensors

2.2.2. Temperature Calibration

2.2.2.1. The Thermometer and Thermal Lag

2.2.2.2. Static Temperature Gradients

2.2.2.3. Lateral Temperature Profile in Membrane Based Calorimeters

2.2.3. Heat Capacity Determination

2.2.4. The Sample

2.3. Selected Applications of FSC

2.3.1. Polymer Crystallization

2.3.2. Crystal Nucleation in Polymers by Tammann's Nuclei Development Method

2.3.3. Enthalpy Relaxation and Homogeneous Crystal Nucleation in Polymer Glasses

2.3.4. Polymer Crystal Reorganization

2.3.5. Polymer Melting

2.3.6. Analysis of Chemically Unstable Materials.

2.3.7. Analysis of Phase Transitions in Metals

2.3.8. Glass Transition

2.3.9. Combination of FSC With Other Analytical Techniques

2.4. Outlook

Acknowledgments

Chapter 3: Dilatometry

3.1. Introduction

3.1.1. Thermal Strain and Phase Transitions in General

3.1.2. Methodology of Dilatometric Assessment of Phase Transformation

3.1.3. Dilatometry Applications in the Field of Materials

3.2. Measuring System

3.3. Analysis of Dilatometer Curves

3.4. Some Examples

3.4.1. Thermal Expansion Coefficient of an Austenitic Steel

3.4.2. Continuous Cooling Behavior of a Steel With Different Carbon Contents

3.4.3. Effect of Segregation on Isothermal Transformation Kinetics of Lower Bainite

3.5. Summary

3.6. Future Trends in Dilatometry

Chapter 4: Modern Isoconversional Kinetics: From Misconceptions to Advances

4.1. Introduction

4.2. Misconceptions

4.2.1. Preexponential Factor and Reaction Model

4.2.2. Single-Step Approximation

4.2.3. Meaning of Isoconversional Activation Energy

4.2.4. Application to Processes on Cooling

4.3. Advances

4.3.1. Crystallization and Melting of Polymers

4.3.2. Solid-Solid Transition

4.3.3. Crystallization From Solution

4.3.4. Thermal Decomposition During Continuous Cooling

4.3.5. Other Processes

4.3.6. Deconvolution of Overlapped Processes

4.4. Conclusions

Chapter 5: Kinetics and Mechanisms of Solid-Gas Reactions

5.1. State of the Art

5.2. Kinetic Concepts and Background

5.2.1. Pseudo-Steady-State Approximation

5.2.2. Fundamental Processes

5.2.3. Rate-Determining Step Approximation

5.2.4. General Rate Equation

5.3. Experimental Methods

5.3.1. Isothermal and Isobaric TG

5.3.2. Conditions for Collecting Reliable Kinetic Data

5.3.3. Sudden Jump Method.

5.3.4. Hyphenated Techniques

5.4. Kinetic Geometrical Models and Elementary Mechanisms

5.4.1. Kinetic Geometrical Models

5.4.1.1. One-Process Models

5.4.1.2. Two-Process Models

5.4.1.3. Validation Tests

5.4.1.3.1. Pseudo-Steady-State Assumption

5.4.1.3.2. Rate-Determining Step of Growth Assumption

5.4.1.3.3. f(α) Test

5.4.2. Elementary Mechanisms

5.4.2.1. Nucleation Elementary Mechanisms

5.4.2.2. Growth Elementary Mechanisms

5.5. Other Applications of the Jump Method

5.5.1. Study of ф(T,Pi)

5.5.2. No-Reproducible Experiments

5.5.3. Validation of the Geometrical Model

5.6. Nonisothermal, Nonisobaric Conditions (Case of a Reacting Bed): CIN4 Approach

5.7. Conclusions

Chapter 6: Physico-Geometric Approach to the Kinetics of Overlapping Solid-State Reactions

6.1. Introduction

6.2. Phenomenology of Overlapping Reactions in the Solid State

6.2.1. Overlapping Processes of a Mixture of Different Substances and a Substance With Different Reactivities

6.2.2. Overlapping Processes Controlled by Physico-Geometric Events

6.2.3. Consecutive and Concurrent Chemical Processes

6.3. Experimental Approach to Overlapping Processes

6.3.1. Characterization of Sample and Tracking of Reaction Process

6.3.2. Experimental Separation of Overlapping TA Peaks

6.4. Kinetic Approach to Overlapping Processes

6.4.1. Kinetic Data of Overlapping Processes

6.4.2. Preliminary Kinetic Approach to Overlapping Processes

6.4.3. Kinetic Deconvolution Analysis

6.4.4. Kinetic Modeling of the Overlapping Processes in the Solid State

6.5. Conclusion

Chapter 7: Analysis of Polymer Crystallization by Calorimetry

7.1. Introduction

7.2. General Aspects of Polymer Crystallization

7.3. Analysis of Polymer Crystallization by Differential Scanning Calorimetry.

7.3.1. Isothermal Crystallization

7.3.2. Critical Issues in DSC Analysis of Isothermal Polymer Crystallization

7.3.3. Nonisothermal Crystallization by DSC

7.4. Analysis of Polymer Crystallization by Fast Scanning Calorimetry

7.4.1. Nonisothermal Crystallization

7.4.2. Nonisothermal Crystal Nuclei Formation

7.4.3. Nonisothermal Cold-Crystallization

7.4.4. Isothermal Crystallization

7.4.5. Crystal Nucleation in Glassy Polymers

7.5. Analysis of Polymer Crystallization by Temperature-Modulated Calorimetry

7.5.1. Quasi-isothermal Crystallization of Polymers Investigated by TMDSC

7.5.2. Nonisothermal Crystallization of Polymers Investigated by TMDSC

7.6. Flow-Induced Crystallization

7.7. Combined Calorimetric+Complementary Analytical Techniques

7.7.1. In Situ WAXD/FSC

7.7.2. In Situ Imaging and DSC

7.7.3. In Situ Rheology and DSC

7.8. Conclusions

Chapter 8: Glass Transition and Physical Aging of Confined Polymers Investigated by Calorimetric Techniques

8.1. Introduction

8.2. Equilibrium vs. Nonequilibrium Dynamics

8.3. The Glass Transition

8.4. Recent Developments in Thermodynamic and Dynamic Aspects of Glasses Below Tg

8.4.1. Thermodynamics Below Tg

8.4.2. Dynamics Below Tg

8.5. Glass Dynamics in Confinement

8.5.1. Nonequilibrium Dynamics: Tg and Physical Aging

8.5.2. Relation to the Rate of Spontaneous Fluctuations

8.5.3. Factors Affecting Tg Depression: Free Interface and Adsorption

8.5.4. Theoretical Description

8.6. Accessing Low-Energy Glassy States by Aging Nanostructured Glasses

8.7. Conclusions

Chapter 9: Decomposition of Organic Wastes: Thermal Analysis and Evolution of Volatiles

9.1. Introduction

9.2. Thermal Analysis

9.3. Uses of TG/DTG

9.4. Analysis of the Volatiles Evolved and Kinetics.

9.5. Evolution of Compounds

9.6. Thermal Effects

Chapter 10: Thermal Analysis of Biobased Polymers and Composites

10.1. Introduction

10.1.1. Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry

10.2. Application Fields

10.2.1. Protein Denaturation and Gelation

10.2.2. Polymerization and Curing of Biobased Thermosets

10.2.2.1. Polycondensation of FA

10.2.2.2. Polyepoxides-Based Thermosets

10.2.3. Crystallization of Biobased Polyesters

10.2.4. Nucleation

10.2.5. Glass Transition

10.2.6. Relaxation Process of Lignin

10.2.7. Degradation, Thermal, and Thermo-Oxidative Degradation

10.3. Conclusion

Chapter 11: Polymer Nanocomposites

11.1. Introduction

11.2. PNCs

11.3. Nano-Effects in PNCs

11.3.1. Confinement Effects

11.3.2. Entanglement Effects

11.3.3. The Influence of Nanoparticles on Glass Transition

11.3.4. The Influence of Nanoparticles on Polymer Melting and Crystallization

11.4. Thermal Analysis Methods in PNCs Characterization

11.4.1. DSC

11.4.1.1. Melting and Crystallization

11.4.1.2. Exfoliation and Intercalation

11.4.1.3. Glass Transition, Relaxation, and Fictive Temperature

11.4.1.4. Kinetics

11.4.1.5. Crystalline Fraction (CF), Rigid Amorphous Fraction (RAF), and Mobile Amorphous Fraction (MAF)

11.4.2. TMDSC

11.4.2.1. Glass Transition

11.4.2.2. Confinement Effect

11.4.2.3. Activation Energy of Glass Transition

11.4.3. Fast Scanning Calorimetry

11.4.4. LTA Micro-TA

11.4.5. Thermogravimetry (TG)

11.4.5.1. Thermal Stability

11.4.5.2. Thermal Degradation Kinetics

11.4.6. Thermoanalytical Methods (TG/MS, TG/FTIR)

11.4.7. DMA and TMA

11.4.8. Laser Flash Analysis (LFA)

11.4.9. DETA

11.5. Conclusions

Chapter 12: Thermal Behavior of Chalcogenide Glasses.

12.1. Introduction.

Notes:

Includes bibliographical references at the end of each chapters and index.

Description based on online resource; title from PDF title page (EBC, viewed April 5, 2018).

ISBN:

9780444640635

0444640630

9780444640628

0444640622