Stem cells and biomaterials for regenerative medicine / edited by Marek J. Łos, Andrzej Hudecki, Emilia Wiecheć.

Format:

Book

Contributor:

Łos, Marek J., editor.

Hudecki, Andrzej, editor.

Wiecheć, Emilia, editor.

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Regenerative medicine--Materials.

Regenerative medicine.

Stem cells--Therapeutic use.

Stem cells.

Biomedical materials.

Materials.

Physical Description:

xx, 229 pages : illustrations (some color) ; 23 cm

Place of Publication:

London : Academic Press, an imprint of Elsevier [2019]

Summary:

Stem Cells and Biomaterials for Regenerative Medicine addresses the urgent need for a compact source of information on both the cellular and biomaterial aspects of regenerative medicine. By developing a mutual understanding between three separately functioning areas of science-medicine, the latest technology, and clinical economics-the volume encourages interdisciplinary relationships that will lead to solutions for the significant challenges faced by today's regenerative medicine. Users will find sections on the homeostatic balance created by apoptosis and proliferating tissue stem cells, the naturally regenerative capacities of various tissue types, the potential regenerative benefits of iPS-generation, various differentiation protocols, and more. Written in easily accessbile language, this volume is appropriate for any professional or medical staff looking to expand their knowledge with regard to stem cells and regenerative medicine.

Contents:

1 Introduction and Historic Perspective p. 1 / Karolina Bakalorz and Laura D. Los and Emilia Wiechec

2 Stem Cells p. 5 / Marek J. Los and Aleksandra Skubis and Saeid Ghavami

Stem Cell-Potency p. 7

Types of Stem Cell p. 7

Mesenchymal Stem Cells p. 11

Hematopoietic Stem Cells p. 12

Other Types of Adult Stem Cells p. 12

Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells p. 13

3 Modern Ways of Obtaining Stem Cells p. 17 / Safak Caglayan and Theresa D. Ahrens and Artur Cieslar-Pobuda and Judith Staerk

Embryonic Stem Cells p. 18

Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells p. 20

Adult Stem Cells p. 22

Hematopoietic Stem Cells p. 23

Dental Stem Cells p. 24

Adipose-Derived Stem Cells p. 24

Olfactory Ensheating Cells p. 24

Biomaterials for Stem Cells p. 25

Organoid Technology p. 26

Potential Applications of Stem Cells p. 27

Future Perspectives p. 28

4 Transdifferentiation-Changing Cell Identity p. 37 / Theresa D. Ahrens and Safak Caglayan and Judith Staerk and Artur Cieslar-Pobuda

In Vivo Transdifferentiation: Examples of Naturally Occurring Regeneration p. 39

Gene Regulation During Transdifferentiation p. 41

In Vitro Transdifferentiation p. 43

Factors Enhancing Transdifferentiation p. 46

Therapeutic Transdifferentiation p. 48

Concerns and Future Perspectives Associated With Transdifferentiation p. 50

5 Generation of Organs Based on Decellularized Extracellular Matrix Scaffolds p. 57 / Shiva Akbari-Birgani and Maryam Tahmasebi Birgani and Hossein Ansari

Common Types of Scaffolds p. 58

Construction of Cell-Free Scaffolds p. 60

Decellularization p. 60

Characterization of Cell-Free ECM Scaffolds p. 62

Recellularization of Cell-Free ECM Scaffolds p. 62

Three-Dimensional Bioprinting Strategy p. 63

Cell Sources for Organ Regeneration p. 63

Examples of Generated Organs Based on Reproduction of Cell-Free ECM Scaffolds p. 66

Bioengineered Lung p. 66

Bioengineered Kidney p. 67

Bioengineered Heart p. 67

Bioengineered Pancreas p. 67

Future Perspective and Challenges of Organ-Regeneration p. 68

6 Introduction to Transplantology p. 73 / Emilia Wiechec and Jolanta Hybiak and Claudine Kieda

Xenografts p. 73

Autografts p. 75

Allografts p. 76

Grafts Involving Artificial Biomaterials p. 79

7 Biomaterials, Definition, Overview p. 85 / Andrzej Hudecki and Gerard Kiryczynski and Marek J. Los

Biomaterial Types p. 85

Mechanical Properties p. 87

Strength p. 87

Elastic Modulus, Also Known as Young's Modulus p. 88

Hardness p. 88

Fatigue Resistance p. 88

High Wear Resistance p. 88

Creep Resistance p. 88

Osseointegration p. 89

Surface Hydrophilicity p. 89

Photofunctionalization p. 89

Surface Coatings p. 90

Implantable Materials p. 90

Stainless Steels p. 90

Cobalt-Chromium Alloys p. 90

Titanium Alloys p. 91

Ceramics p. 91

Polymeric Biomaterials p. 93

Poly(methyl Methacrylate) p. 93

Ultra-High-Molecular-Weight Polyethylene (UHMWPE) p. 93

Biocomposites p. 94

Biomaterials (Scaffolding) in Tissue Engineering p. 95

8 Overview of Technologies Applied for Biomaterial Production p. 99

8.1 Overview of Technologies Applied for Biomaterial Production-3D Printing p. 99 / Wojciech Gawel and Frank Schweizer

UV and Light-Sensitive Resins p. 100

Polymer and Metal Powders: SLS/SLM Technology p. 106

Biological Materials: Bioprinting p. 107

8.2 Overview of Technologies Applied for Biomaterial Production-Electrospinning p. 110 / Andrzej Hudecki and Magdalena Wierzbik-Stronska

Conditions Affecting the Electrospinning Process p. 111

Solution Properties and the PCL Fiber Structure-Selected Experimental Examples p. 114

9 Application of Computed Tomography and Magnetic Resonance in 3D Modeling p. 121 / Renata Wilk

CT Scanner Construction p. 122

Obtaining CT Image p. 122

Spiral (Helical) Computer Tomography p. 126

Muifidetector Computer Tomography p. 126

CT Contrast Agents p. 127

Presentation of Images From the CT Study as Two Dimensional p. 129

3D Imaging in Computed Tomography p. 129

Magnetic Resonance p. 130

Construction of a Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) Scanner p. 131

Obtaining a Signal in MR p. 132

TT and T2 Relaxation p. 133

K Space and Image Creation in MR p. 134

Image Acquisition in MR p. 134

Basic Sequences Used in MR Studies p. 135

Spin Echo Sequences p. 135

Typical Images Used in the MR p. 136

Fast Spin Echo Sequences p. 136

Inversion Recovery Sequences p. 138

Short Tl Inversion Recovery p. 138

Fluid Attenuated Inversion Recovery (FLAIR) p. 138

Gradient Echo Sequence p. 139

The Contrast Agents Used in MRI p. 139

3D Reconstructions in CT and MR Examinations Applied in Modeling for 3D Printing p. 140

10 Quality Control of Biomaterials-Overview of the Relevant Technologies p. 143 / Joanna Gola

Biocompatibility Evaluation of Medical Devices p. 144

Planning Biocompatibility Assessment p. 145

Cytotoxicity Tests p. 145

Sensitization Evaluation p. 148

Irritation/Intracutaneous Reactivity Evaluation p. 150

Bioavailability and Bioactivity Assessment p. 150

Bioavailability p. 152

Bioactivity Assessment p. 153

Acellularized Scaffolds p. 155

Gene Activated Matrix p. 156

The Risk of Cancerogenesis p. 157

11 Methods of Biomaterial-Aided Cell or Drug Delivery: Extracellular Matrix Proteins as Biomaterials p. 163 / Batoryna Olgierd and Aleksandra Sklarek and Paulina Siwek and Ewa Waluga

Collagen Proteins - Characteristics p. 163

Collagen Proteins-Synthesis and Assembly p. 164

Collagen Protein Degradation p. 165

The Method of Obtaining Collagen Proteins as Biomaterials p. 165

Collagen Proteins as Biomaterials-Advantages p. 166

Collagen Proteins as Biomaterials-Disadvantages p. 166

Collagen Proteins as Biomaterials-Modifications p. 166

Collagen Proteins in Drug Delivery Techniques p. 169

The Perspective of Application of Collagen Proteins p. 171

Methods of Biomaterial-Aided Cell or Drug Delivery-Glycosaminoglycans as Biomaterials p. 171

Division, Similarities, and Differences p. 172

Chondroitin Sulfate and Dermatan Sulfate p. 172

Heparan Sulfates (HS) and Heparins p. 175

Keratan Sulfate p. 177

Hyaluronic Acid p. 179

Summary-Application of GAGs p. 182

12 Examples of Successful Biomaterial-Based Artificial Tissues-Artificial Corneas p. 191 / Bartosz Sikora and Mehrdad Rafat and Marek J. Los

Surgery Proceedings p. 191

Artificial Cornea Concept p. 192

KPro-Keratoprosthesis p. 192

OOKP-Osteoodontokeratoprosthesis p. 194

OKP-Osteokeratoprosthesis p. 195

AlphaCor p. 196

Indications for Artificial Cornea Transplantation p. 197

Differences Between Artificial Corneas and Bioengineered Corneas p. 197

Holoclar-The Bioengineered Corneal Epithelium p. 198

Linkcor® Bioengineered Cornea p. 199

13 Successful Biomaterial-Based Artificial Organ-Updates on Artificial Blood Vessels p. 203 / Marek J. Los and Soumya Panigrahi and Katarzyna Sielatycka and Catherine Grillon

Scaffolds, Vascular Cells, and Their Interactions p. 205

Selection of the Scaffold Material p. 206

Ex Vivo Behavior of the Constituent Vascular Cells p. 208

Impact of the Biomaterial Constituents p. 209

Methods of Generating Biocompatible Vascular Scaffolds p. 213

Auto/Allo/Genografts p. 213

Electrospinning in Two and Three Dimensions p. 213

Silk-Based Biomaterial p. 214

Silk-Based Electrospun Tubular Scaffolds p. 214

3D Printing p. 215

Structural Remodeling of the Scaffolds During Tissue Development p. 216

Scaffold Repopulation by Surrounding Vascular Endothelium p. 216

Impact of Matrix Turnover: ECM Production and Scaffold Degradation p. 217

Future Perspectives and Conclusions p. 217.

Notes:

Includes bibliographical references and index.

ISBN:

0128122587

9780128122587

9780128122785

0128122781

OCLC:

1027131873