Amphioxus immunity : tracing the origins of human immunity / edited by Anlong Xu.

Format:

Book

Contributor:

Xu, Anlong, editor.

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Marine invertebrates--Pictorial works.

Marine invertebrates.

Marine invertebrates--Physiology.

Physical Description:

1 online resource (355 p.)

Edition:

1st ed.

Place of Publication:

Amsterdam, [Netherlands] : Elsevier, 2016.

Language Note:

English

Summary:

Amphioxus Immunity: Tracing the Origin of Human Immunity covers a remarkable range of information about Amphioxus and its evolutionary context. This compilation of what is currently known about Amphioxus, with a sharp focus on its immune system, includes 13 topics, such as:- Amphioxus as a model for understanding the evolution of vertebrates- basic knowledge of immunology- immune organs and cells of amphioxus- a genomic and transcriptomic view of the Amphioxus immunity- pattern recognition system in Amphioxus- transcription factors in Amphioxus- the complement system of Amphioxus- the oxidative burst system in Amphioxus- immune effectors in Amphioxus- lipid signaling of immune response in Amphioxus- apoptosis in amphioxus; primitive adaptive immune system of Amphioxus- and future research directions This valuable reference book is loaded with information that will be useful for anyone who wishes to learn more about the origin of vertebrates and adaptive immunity.- Provides new evidence on the origin of the adaptive immune system, the evolution of innate immunity, and evolution-stage specific immune defense mechanisms- Not only presents the cells and molecules involved in the adaptive immune response in Amphioxus, but also characterizes the origination and evolution of the gene families and pathways involved in innate immunity- Includes much pioneering work, from the molecular, genomic, and cellular to the individual level

Contents:

Cover; Title Page; Copyright Page; Dedication; Contents; List of contributors; About the Author; Foreword; Preface; Chapter 1 - Amphioxus as a Model for Understanding the Evolution of Vertebrates; 1.1 - Brief introduction of amphioxus; 1.2 - Biology of amphioxus; 1.2.1 - Reproduction and embryogenesis of amphioxus; 1.2.2 - Anatomy of amphioxus; 1.3 - The story of amphioxus and early research studies in China; References; Chapter 2 - Basic Knowledge of Immunology; 2.1 - Immune organs; 2.1.1 - Primary lymphoid organs; 2.1.1.1 - Bone marrow; 2.1.1.2 - Thymus; 2.1.2 - Secondary lymphoid organs

2.1.2.1 - Lymph nodes2.1.2.2 - Spleen; 2.1.2.3 - Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue; 2.2 - Immune cells; 2.2.1 - Lymphoid cells; 2.2.1.1 - B cells; 2.2.1.2 - T cells; 2.2.1.3 - NK cells; 2.2.2 - Innate immunity-associated cells; 2.2.2.1 - Neutrophils; 2.2.2.2 - Macrophages; 2.2.2.3 - Dendritic cells; 2.3 - Innate immunity; 2.3.1 - Toll-like receptors involved in the signaling pathway; 2.3.2 - NOD-like receptors and their functions; 2.3.3 - RIG-like receptors; 2.3.4 - C-type lectins; 2.3.5 - The scavenger receptors; 2.3.6 - Inflammation; 2.4 - Adaptive immunity; 2.4.1 - Specificity

2.4.2 - Diversity2.4.3 - Immunological memory; 2.4.4 - Self-nonself recognition; 2.5 - Complement system; 2.5.1 - Complement pathways; 2.5.1.1 - Classical pathway; 2.5.1.2 - Lectin pathway; 2.5.1.3 - Alternative pathway; 2.5.2 - Complement in host defense; References; Chapter 3 - Immune Organs and Cells of Amphioxus; 3.1 - Introduction; 3.2 - Organs of the amphioxus immune system; 3.2.1 - Amphioxus gill slits: the first immune defense line; 3.2.2 - Amphioxus intestine: not just a digestive organ but also an immune organ; 3.3 - Cells of the amphioxus immune system; 3.3.1 - Phagocytes

3.3.2 - Lymphocyte-like cellsReferences; Chapter 4 - Genomic and Transcriptomic View of Amphioxus Immunity; 4.1 - Introduction; 4.2 - Trace evidence of adaptive immunity; 4.2.1 - TCRs, Igs, VLRs, and the origins of RAG; 4.2.2 - MHC and genes involved in antigen presentation; 4.3 - Extraordinary gene expansion in amphioxus innate immunity; 4.3.1 - The TLR system; 4.3.2 - The NLR system; 4.3.3 - LRRIG proteins; 4.3.4 - Other LRR-containing genes; 4.3.5 - C-type lectins; 4.3.6 - Scavenger receptors; 4.3.7 - RIG-I-like helicases; 4.3.8 - Complement-related receptors; 4.3.9 - The TNF system

4.3.10 - Expansion and reshuffling of the death-fold domains4.3.11 - Expansion of TIR adaptors, TRAFs, and initiator caspases; 4.3.12 - Cytokines, kinases, and transcription factors; 4.4 - Regulation of the amphioxus immune system; 4.4.1 - Differential regulatory patterns between expanded gene families; 4.4.2 - The regulation during bacterial infection; 4.4.3 - The regulation of the terminal signaling network; 4.4.4 - Differential expression patterns observed within TNF and IL-1R systems; 4.4.5 - Major pathways in a complex signaling network; 4.4.6 - A functional prototypic complement system

4.4.7 - The prototype of the oxidative burst-like system

Notes:

Description based upon print version of record.

Includes bibliographical references and indexes.

Description based on print version record.

ISBN:

0-12-809647-0

OCLC:

935257604