Synthetic natural gas from coal, dry biomass, and power-to-gas applications / edited by Tilman J. Schildhauer, Serge M. Biollaz.

Format:

Book

Contributor:

Schildhauer, Tilman J., editor.

Biollaz, Serge M., editor.

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Synthesis gas.

Coal gasification.

Biomass conversion.

Gas manufacture and works.

Physical Description:

1 online resource (328 p.)

Edition:

1st ed.

Place of Publication:

Hoboken, New Jersey : Wiley, 2016.

Language Note:

English

Summary:

Provides an overview of the different pathways to produce Synthetic Natural Gas * Covers technological, and economic aspects of this Synthetic Natural Gas * Details the most popular technologies and state-of-the-art of SNG technologies while also covering recent and future research trends * Covers the main process steps during conversion of coal and dry biomass to SNG: gasification, gas cleaning, methanation and gas upgrading * Describes a number of novel processes for the production of SNG with their specific combination of process steps as well as the boundary conditions * Covers important technical aspects of Power-to-Gas processes

Contents:

Intro

Title Page

Copyright Page

Contents

List of Contributors

Chapter 1 Introductory Remarks

1.1 Why produce synthetic natural gas?

1.2 Overview

Chapter 2 Coal and Biomass Gasification for SNG Production

2.1 Introduction - basic requirements for gasification in the framework of SNG production

2.2 Thermodynamics of gasification

2.2.1 Gasification Reactions

2.2.2 Overall Gasification Process - Equilibrium Based Considerations

2.2.3 Gasification - A Multi‐step Process Deviating from Equilibrium

2.2.4 Heat Management of the Gasification Process

2.2.5 Implication of Thermodynamic Considerations for Technology Choice

2.3 Gasification technologies

2.3.1 Entrained Flow

2.3.2 Fixed Bed

2.3.3 Direct Fluidized Bed

2.3.4 Indirect Fluidized Bed Gasification

2.3.5 Hydrogasification and Catalytic Gasification

References

Chapter 3 Gas Cleaning

3.1 Introduction

3.2 Impurities

3.2.1 Particulate Matter

3.2.2 Tars

3.2.3 Sulfur Compounds

3.2.4 Halide Compounds

3.2.5 Alkali Compounds

3.2.6 Nitrogen Compounds

3.2.7 Other Impurities

3.3 Cold, warm and hot gas cleaning

3.3.1 Example of B‐IGFC Gas Cleaning Process Chains

3.4 Gas cleaning technologies

3.4.1 Particulate Matter

3.4.2 Tars

3.4.3 Sulfur Compounds

3.4.4 Hydrodesulfurization

3.4.5 Chlorine (Halides)

3.4.6 Alkali

3.4.7 Nitrogen-containing Compounds

3.4.8 Other Impurities

3.5 Reactive hot gas filter

Chapter 4 Methanation for Synthetic Natural Gas Production - Chemical Reaction Engineering Aspects

4.1 Methanation - the synthesis step in the production of synthetic natural gas

4.1.1 Feed Gas Mixtures for Methanation Reactors

4.1.2 Thermodynamic Equilibrium

4.1.3 Methanation Catalysts: Kinetics and Reaction Mechanisms

4.1.4 Catalyst Deactivation.

4.2 Methanation reactor types

4.2.1 Adiabatic Fixed Bed Reactors

4.2.2 Cooled Reactors

4.2.3 Comparison of Methanation Reactor Concepts

4.3 Modeling and simulation of methanation reactors

4.3.1 How to Measure (Intrinsic) Kinetics?

4.3.2 Modeling of Fixed Bed Reactors

4.3.3 Modeling of Isothermal Fluidized Bed Reactors

4.4 Conclusions and open research questions

4.5 Symbol list

Chapter 5 SNG Upgrading

5.1 Introduction

5.2 Separation processes for SNG upgrading

5.2.1 Bulk CO2/CH4 Separation

5.2.2 Removal of other Compounds and Impurities

5.3 Techno-economical comparison of selected separation options

Chapter 6 SNG from Wood - The GoBiGas Project

6.1 Biomethane in Sweden

6.2 Conditions and background for the GoBiGas project in Gothenburg

6.3 Technical description

6.4 Technical issues and lessons learned

6.5 Status

6.6 Efficiency

6.7 Economics

6.8 Outlook

Acknowledgements

Chapter 7 The Power to Gas Process: Storage of Renewable Energy in the Natural Gas Grid via Fixed Bed Methanation of CO2/H2

7.1 Motivation

7.1.1 History "Renewable Fuel Paths at ZSW"

7.1.2 Goal "Energiewende"

7.1.3 Goal "Power Based, Carbon Based Fuels"

7.1.4 Goal "P2G®"

7.1.5 Goal "Methanation"

7.2 The power to fuel concept: co-utilization of (biogenic) carbon and hydrogen

7.3 P2G® technology

7.3.1 Methanation Characteristics for CO2 Based Syngas

7.3.2 P2G® Plant Layout of 25 kWel, 250 kWel, and 6000 kWel Plants

7.4 Experimental results

7.4.1 Methanation Catalysts: Screening, Cycle Resistance, Contamination by Sulfur Components

7.4.2 Results with the 25 kWel P2G® Plant

7.4.3 Results with the 250 kWel P2G® Plant

7.4.4 Results with the 250 kWel P2G® Plant in Combination with Membrane Gas Upgrade

7.5 P2G® process efficiency.

7.6 Conclusion and outlook

AcknowledgEments

Chapter 8 Fluidized Bed Methanation for SNG Production - Process Development at the Paul‐Scherrer Institut

8.1 Introduction to process development

8.2 Methane from wood - process development at PSI

Chapter 9 MILENA Indirect Gasification, OLGA Tar Removal, and ECN Process for Methanation

9.1 Introduction

9.2 Main process steps

9.2.1 MILENA Indirect Gasification

9.2.2 OLGA Tar Removal

9.2.3 HDS and Deep S Removal

9.2.4 Reformer

9.2.5 CO2 Removal

9.2.6 Methanation and Upgrading

9.3 Process efficiency and economy

9.4 Results and status

9.4.1 MILENA

9.4.2 OLGA

9.4.3 HDS, Reformer, and Methanation

9.5 Outlook

9.5.1 Pressure

9.5.2 Co-production

9.5.3 Bio Carbon Capture and Storage

9.5.4 Power to Gas

Chapter 10 Hydrothermal Production of SNG from Wet Biomass

10.1 Introduction

10.2 Historical development

10.3 Physical and chemical bases

10.3.1 Catalysis

10.3.2 Phase Behavior and Salt Separation

10.3.3 Liquefaction of the Solid Biomass, Tar, and Coke Formation

10.4 PSI's catalytic SNG process

10.4.1 Process Description and Layout

10.4.2 Mass Balance

10.4.3 Energy Balance

10.4.4 Status of Process Development at PSI

10.4.5 Comparison to other SNG Processes

10.5 Open questions and outlook

Chapter 11 Agnion's Small Scale SNG Concept

Chapter 12 Integrated Desulfurization and Methanation Concepts for SNG Production

12.1 Introduction

12.2 Concepts for integrated desulfurization and methanation

12.2.1 Sulfur-Resistant Methanation

12.2.2 Regeneration of Methanation Catalysts

12.2.3 Discussion of the Concepts

12.3 Required future research

12.3.1 Sulfur Resistant Methanation.

12.3.2 Periodic Regeneration

Index

EULA.

Notes:

Description based upon print version of record.

Includes bibliographical references and index.

Description based on print version record.

ISBN:

9781119191360

111919136X

9781119191254

1119191254

9781119191339

1119191335

OCLC:

945586080