Bird strike : an experimental, theoretical and numerical investigation / written by Reza Hedayati, Mojtaba Sadighi.

Format:

Book

Author/Creator:

Hedayati, Reza, author.

Sadighi, Mojtaba, author.

Series:

Woodhead Publishing in mechanical engineering.

Woodhead Publishing in Mechanical Engineering

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Aircraft bird strikes.

Airports--Bird control.

Airports.

Bird pests--Control.

Bird pests.

Physical Description:

1 online resource (258 p.)

Edition:

1st ed.

Place of Publication:

Amsterdam, [Netherlands] : Elsevier, 2016.

Summary:

Bird strikes are one of the most dangerous threats to civil and military flight safety: between 1960 and 2014, they were responsible for the destruction of approximately 150 civil aircraft and the deaths of 271 people. "Bird Strike" presents a summary of the damage imposed on the aviation industries by their avian counterparts. This book first presents and analyzes the statistics obtained from bird strike databases and offers various methods for minimizing the overall probability of bird-strike events. The next chapters explore how to analyze the ability of aero-engine critical structures to withstand bird-strike events by implementing reliable experimental, theoretical, and numerical methods. Finally, the book investigates the impact of bird strikes on different components of aircrafts, such as the metal fuselage, composite fuselage, engines, wings, and tail, and proposes two new bird models, with explanations of their use. Provides up-to-date information for aviation staff and researchers working on aircraft safetyOffers comprehensive investigations on all the statistical, theoretical, experimental, and numerical aspects of bird strike Includes studies carried out on bird strike and provides the reader with the important findings of each paper

Contents:

Front Cover

Bird Strike: An Experimental, Theoretical, and Numerical Investigation

Copyright

Contents

Chapter 1: Introduction

1.1. Introduction

1.2. History of bird strike

1.3. Importance of bird strike

1.4. Solutions to bird-strike problem

1.5. Outline of the book

References

Chapter 2: Statistics

2.1. Introduction

2.2. Reporting a bird strike

2.3. Human losses and damages to aircraft

2.3.1. Annual increases

2.3.2. Damaged aircraft components

2.3.3. Engine type

2.3.4. Incident month

2.3.5. Light conditions

2.3.6. Height

2.3.7. Aircraft speed

2.3.8. Phase of flight

2.3.9. Precipitation

2.3.10. Wildlife species

2.3.11. Wildlife species size

2.3.12. Birds struck

2.4. Economic loss

2.5. Bird strike worldwide

2.5.1. Australia

2.5.2. Brazil

2.5.3. Czech Republic

2.5.4. France

2.5.5. Iran

2.5.6. United Kingdom

2.6. Risk assessment

Chapter 3: Bird strike: prevention and proofing

3.1. Introduction

3.2. Prevention: on-board equipment

3.3. Prevention: airports

3.3.1. Aircraft flight path and schedule modifications

3.3.2. Habitat modification and exclusion

3.3.3. Repellent and harassment techniques

3.3.4. Wildlife removal

3.4. Prevention: away from airports

3.4.1. Radar systems

3.4.2. Thermal imager

3.4.3. Bird distribution maps

3.5. Birds and their characteristics

3.6. Bird-proofing regulations

Chapter 4: Theoretical background

4.1. Introduction

4.2. 2D hydrodynamic theory

4.2.1. Shock regime

4.2.2. Release regime

4.2.3. Steady flow regime

4.2.4. Termination of impact

4.3. Inclined impacts

4.3.1. Projectile yaw

4.3.2. Oblique impact

4.4. Flexible targets

4.4.1. Effect of porosity

4.5. 3D hydrodynamic theory

4.6. Turbofan bladed-rotor.

References

Chapter 5: Flat plate experimental tests

5.1. Introduction

5.2. Experimental set-up

5.2.1. Gun systems

5.2.2. Support systems

5.2.3. Measurement systems

5.2.4. Bird impactors

5.3. Hopkinson bar test

5.3.1. Test set-up

5.3.2. Hopkinson bar test results

5.3.2.1. Force-time profiles

5.3.2.2. Transferred momentum

5.4. Rigid plate tests

5.4.1. Rigid plate results

5.4.2. Comparison with theory

5.4.2.1. Initial impact pressure

5.4.2.2. Stagnation pressure

5.4.2.3. Flow termination

5.5. Effects of target compliance

5.5.1. Deformation modes

5.5.2. Experimental set-up

5.5.3. Results

Chapter 6: Finite element bird-strike modeling

6.1. Introduction

6.2. Structural nonlinearity

6.2.1. Geometric nonlinearity

6.2.2. Material nonlinearity

6.2.3. Force and displacement nonlinearity

6.3. Numerical approaches for bird strike

6.3.1. Lagrange

6.3.2. Eulerian

6.3.3. Arbitrary Lagrangian Method (ALE)

6.3.4. Smoothed particles hydrodynamics (SPH)

6.3.5. Nodal masses (MN) method

6.3.6. Comparison of the numerical approaches

6.4. Bird material modeling

6.5. Equations of state (EOS)

6.5.1. Linear EOS

6.5.2. Polynomial EOS

6.5.3. Tabulated EOS

6.5.4. Mie-Grüneisen EOS

6.6. Fluid-structure interactions

6.6.1. Contact algorithms for Lagrange

6.6.2. Contact algorithms for SPH

6.7. Hourglass control

6.8. Bird geometry modeling

6.8.1. Traditional bird models

6.8.2. Advanced geometry

6.9. Differences in pressure readings

6.10. Similarity law for bird strike

Chapter 7: Case studies

7.1. Introduction

7.2. Composite fuselage

7.3. Airplane transparent components

7.4. Jet engines

7.5. Fan blade stability

7.6. Sandwich panels

7.7. Empennage and wing.

7.8. Helicopters and tiltrotors

7.8.1. Tiltrotor rotor spinner and control

7.8.2. Tiltrotor empennage

7.8.3. Helicopter cockpit

7.8.4. Helicopter windshield

Chapter 8: Tutorials for bird-strike simulation using ANSYS/LS-DYNA

8.1. Introduction

8.2. Introduction to LS-DYNA

8.3. Common conditions

8.4. Lagrangian bird model

8.5. SPH bird model

8.6. ALE bird model

Appendix 1: keyword files

A.1. Lagrangian bird

A.2. ALE bird

A.3. SPH bird

Index.

Notes:

Description based upon print version of record.

Includes bibliographical references at the end of each chapters and index.

Description based on print version record.

ISBN:

0-08-100113-4

OCLC:

927489761