Cellulose nanocrystals : properties, production, and applications / Wadood Y. Hamad.

Format:

Book

Author/Creator:

Hamad, Wadood Y., author.

Series:

Wiley series in renewable resources.

Wiley Series in Renewable Resource

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Cellulose--Chemistry.

Cellulose.

Cellulose nanocrystals.

Nanocrystals.

Physical Description:

1 online resource (310 pages) : color illustrations.

Edition:

1st ed.

Place of Publication:

Chichester, England : Wiley, 2017.

Summary:

Research into cellulose nanocrystals is currently in an exponential growth phase, with research into potential applications now strengthened by recent advances in nanomanufacturing. The possibility of routine commercial production of these advanced materials is now becoming a reality. Cellulose Nanocrystals: Properties, Production and Applications provides an in-depth overview of the materials science, chemistry and physics of cellulose nanocrystals, and the technical development of advanced materials based on cellulose nanocrystals for industrial and medical applications. Topics covered include: •A comprehensive treatment of the structure, morphology and synthesis of cellulose nanocrystals. •The science and engineering of producing cellulose nanocrystals and the challenges involved in nanomanufacturing on a large industrial scale. •Surface/interface modifications of cellulose nanocrystals for the development of novel biomaterials with attractive structural and functional properties. •The scientific bases for developing cellulose-based nanomaterials with advanced functionalities for industrial/medical applications and consumer products. •Discussions on the (i) reinforcing potential of cellulose nanocrystals in polymer nanocomposites, (ii) utilization of these nanocrystals as efficient templates for developing tunable photonic materials, as well as (iii) applications in sustainable electronics and biomedicine. Cellulose Nanocrystals: Properties, Production and Applications will appeal to audiences in the physical, chemical and biological sciences as well as engineering disciplines. It will be of critical interest to industrialists seeking to develop sustainable new materials for the advanced industrial economies of the 21st century, ranging from adaptive "smart" packaging materials, to new chiral, mesoporous materials for optoelectronics and photonics, to high-performance nanocomposites for structural applications.

Contents:

Intro

Title Page

Copyright Page

Contents

Series Preface

Foreword

Prologue

Chapter 1 New Frontiers for Material Development and the Challenge of Nanotechnology

1.1 Perspectives on Nanotechnology

1.2 Societal Ramifications of Nanotechnology

1.3 Bio-inspired Material Development: The Case for Cellulose Nanocrystals

1.4 A Glance at Bio-inspired Hierarchical Materials

1.5 Concluding Thoughts

Notes

Chapter 2 Assembly and Structure in Native Cellulosic Fibers

2.1 Physical and Chemical Characteristics of the Cellulose Molecule

2.1.1 The Origin of Cellulose

2.1.2 The Chemistry of Cellulose

2.1.3 The Physics of Cellulose

2.2 Morphology and Structure of Native Cellulosic Fibers

2.3 Physical and Mechanical Properties of Native Cellulosic Fibers

2.3.1 Anisotropy of the Fiber Cell Wall

2.3.2 Mechanical Properties of Cellulosic Fibers

Chapter 3 Hydrolytic Extraction of Cellulose Nanocrystals

3.1 Introduction

3.2 The Liberation of CNCs Using Acid Hydrolysis

3.3 Reaction Kinetics of CNC Extraction

3.3.1 Effects of H2SO4 Hydrolysis Conditions and Sulfation on CNC Yield of Extraction

3.3.2 H2SO4 Hydrolysis Reproducibility and Yield Optimization

3.3.3 Commentary on Hydrochloric Acid-Hydrolyzed CNCs

3.3.4 CNC Stability and Post H2SO4-Hydrolysis Aging

3.4 Processing Considerations for Sustainable and Economical Manufacture of CNCs

3.5 Micro/Nano Cellulosics Other Than CNCs

3.5.1 Microfibrillated Cellulose

3.5.2 Microcrystalline Cellulose

3.5.3 Bacterial Cellulose

Chapter 4 Properties of Cellulose Nanocrystals

4.1 Morphological Characteristics of CNCs

4.2 Structural Organization of CNCs

4.3 Solid-State Characteristics of CNCs

4.3.1 X-Ray Diffractometric Analysis of CNCs

4.3.2 CNCs Phase Structure Based on SS-NMR.

4.3.3 Concluding Remarks

4.4 CNCs Chiral Nematic Phase Properties

4.4.1 Ionic Strength Effect on Chiral Phase Separation

4.4.2 Temperature Effect on Chiral Phase Separation

4.4.3 Suspension Concentration Effect on Chiral Phase Separation

4.4.4 Magnetic Field Effect on Chiral Phase Separation

4.4.5 Sonication Effect on Physicochemical Properties

4.5 Shear Rheology of CNC Aqueous Suspensions

4.5.1 Basic Rheological Behavior of CNC Aqueous Suspensions

4.5.2 Sonication Effects on the Microstructure and Rheological Properties of CNCs Suspensions

4.5.3 Concentration Effects on the Microstructure and Rheological Properties of CNC Suspensions

4.5.4 Temperature Effects on the Microstructure and Rheological Properties of CNC Suspensions

4.5.5 CNCs Surface Charge Effects on the Microstructure and Rheological Properties of CNC Suspensions

4.5.6 Ionic Strength Effects on the Microstructure and Rheological Properties of CNC Suspensions

4.5.7 Aging and Yielding Characteristics of CNC Suspensions

4.5.8 Concluding Remarks

4.6 Thermal Stability of CNCs

Chapter 5 Applications of Cellulose Nanocrystals

5.1 Prelude

5.2 The Reinforcing Potential of CNCs in Polymer Nanocomposites

5.2.1 Basic Concepts in Composites

5.2.2 Generic Methods for Surface Functionalization

5.2.3 Why CNCs for Reinforcement?

5.2.4 Performance of CNCs in Compatible Polymer Systems

5.2.5 Nanocomposites Prepared by Postpolymerization Compounding of CNCs and Thermoplastic Polymers

5.2.6 Controlling Nanocomposite Crystallinity and Plasticity via In Situ Polymerization Methodologies in the Presence of CNCs

5.2.7 CNCs in Thermosetting Polymers: Tailoring Cross‐Linking Density and Toughness

5.2.8 Comments on Modeling the Mechanical Response of CNC‐Reinforced Nanocomposites

5.2.9 Conclusions and Critical Insights.

5.3 CNC-Stabilized Emulsions, Gels, and Hydrogels

5.3.1 Pickering Emulsions

5.3.2 High Internal Phase Emulsions

5.3.3 pH-Responsive Gels and Flocculants

5.3.4 Hydrogels

5.4 Controlled Self-Assembly of Functional Cellulosic Materials

5.4.1 Flexible CNC Films with Tunable Optical Properties

5.4.2 Mesoporous Photonic Cellulose Films

5.5 Toward Bio-inspired Photonic and Electronic Materials

5.5.1 Mesoporous Photonic Materials from Cellulose Nanomaterial Liquid Crystal Templates

5.5.2 Actuators and Sensors

5.5.3 Sustainable Electronics Based on CNCs

5.5.4 Conclusions and Outlook

5.6 CNCs in Biomedicine and Pharmaceuticals

5.7 Environmental, Health, and Safety Considerations of CNCs

5.8 Perspectives and Challenges

Epilogue-The Never-Ending Evolution of Scientific Insights

Bibliography

Subject Index

Supplemental Images

EULA.

Notes:

Includes bibliographical references and index.

Description based on print version record.

ISBN:

9781118675625

1118675622

9781118675700

1118675703

9781118675601

1118675606

OCLC:

983732078