Handbook of composites from renewable materials. Volume 2, Design and manufacturing / edited by Vijay Kumar Thakur, Manju Kumari Thakur and Michael R. Kessler.

Format:

Book

Contributor:

Thakur, Vijay Kumar, 1981- editor.

Thakur, Manju Kumari, editor.

Kessler, Michael R. (Michael Richard), 1974- editor.

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Composite materials--Handbooks, manuals, etc.

Composite materials.

Biodegradable plastics--Handbooks, manuals, etc.

Biodegradable plastics.

Green products--Handbooks, manuals, etc.

Green products.

Physical Description:

1 online resource (635 pages)

Edition:

1st ed.

Place of Publication:

Hoboken, New Jersey : Scrivener Publishing : Wiley, 2017.

Summary:

This unique multidisciplinary 8-volume set focuses on the emerging issues concerning synthesis, characterization, design, manufacturing and various other aspects of composite materials from renewable materials and provides a shared platform for both researcher and industry. The Handbook of Composites from Renewable Materials comprises a set of 8 individual volumes that brings an interdisciplinary perspective to accomplish a more detailed understanding of the interplay between the synthesis, structure, characterization, processing, applications and performance of these advanced materials. The Handbook comprises 169 chapters from world renowned experts covering a multitude of natural polymers/ reinforcement/ fillers and biodegradable materials. Volume 2 is solely focused on the Design and Manufacturing of renewable materials. Some of the important topics include but not limited to: Design and manufacturing of high performance green composites; manufacturing of high performance biomass-based polyesters by rheological approach; components design of fibrous composite materials; design and manufacturing of bio-based sandwich structures; design and manufacture of biodegradable products from renewable resources; manufacturing and characterization of quicklime filled metal alloy composites for single row deep groove ball bearing; manufacturing of composites from chicken feathers and poly (vinyl chloride); production of porous carbons from resorcinol-formaldehyde gels: applications; composites using agricultural wastes; manufacturing of rice wastes-based natural fiber polymer composites from thermosetting vs. thermoplastic matrices; thermoplastic polymeric composites; natural fiber reinforced PLA composites; rigid closed-cell PUR foams containing polyols derived from renewable resources; preparation and application of the composite from alginate; recent developments in biocomposites of bombyx mori silk fibroin; design and manufacturing of natural fiber/ synthetic fiber reinforced polymer hybrid composites; natural fiber composite strengthening solution for structural beam component for enhanced flexural strength; high pressure resin transfer molding of epoxy resins from renewable sources; cork based structural composites; the use of wheat straw as an agricultural waste in composites for semi-structural applications and design/ manufacturing of sustainable composites.

Contents:

Cover

Title Page

Copyright Page

Dedication

Contents

Preface

1 Design and Manufacturing of High-Performance Green Composites Based on Renewable Materials

1.1 Introduction

1.2 Bio-Based Epoxy Matrix - State-of-the-Art

1.3 Curing of Bio-Based Epoxy Resins - an Ecological Approach

1.4 Natural Fibers

1.4.1 Mechanical Performance of Bast Fibers

1.5 Processing Routes

1.6 Applications and Requirements

1.7 Concluding Remarks

Acknowledgement

References

2 Manufacturing of High Performance Biomass-Based Polyesters by Rheological Approach

2.1 Introduction

2.2 Linear Viscoelastic Properties

2.2.1 Rheological Parameters

2.2.2 Effect of Degradation

2.3 Enhancement of Crystallization Rate

2.4 Rheological Modification for Marked Melt Elasticity

2.4.1 Addition of Flexible Nanofiber

2.4.2 Addition of Critical Gel

2.5 Conclusion

Acknowledgments

3 Design of Fibrous Composite Materials for Saving Energy

3.1 Introduction

3.1.1 Energy and Power Efficiency

3.1.2 Energy Losses

3.2 Microthermomechanical Fiber Composites Behavior

3.2.1 Challenges of Numerical Simulation of Fibrous Composite Materials

3.2.1.1 Large Gradients of Physical Fields

3.2.1.2 Material Micro-Structure

3.2.1.3 Interaction

3.2.1.4 Interfacial Conditions

3.2.1.5 3D Problem

3.2.2 Computational Methods for Fibrous Composite Materials

3.2.3 Meshless Computational Methods

3.2.4 Method of Continuous Source Functions

3.2.4.1 Source Functions

3.2.4.2 Model Description

3.2.5 Numerical Results of MCSF - Microthermomechanical Response

3.2.5.1 Single Fiber in Matrix

3.2.5.2 Fiber Patch of Regularly Distributed Fibers

3.2.5.3 Interaction of Two Overlapping Fibers

3.2.6 Numerical Simulation of Wave Propagation and Experimental Testing.

3.3 Industrial Applications - Case Studies

3.3.1 Printing Industry Application

3.3.1.1 Vibrations and Component Joints Accuracy

3.3.1.2 Use of Composite Structures for Flexoprinting

3.3.1.3 Discussion

3.3.2 Aerospace Industry Application

3.3.2.1 Composite Materials in Plane Viper SD-4

3.3.2.2 Discussion and Potential of Fibrous Composite Usage

3.3.3 Mechanical Engineering Industry Application

3.3.3.1 Nanostructured Coating and Microstructuring of Cutting Edge

3.3.3.2 Nanocomposite Coating

3.3.3.3 Discussion

3.4 Conclusions

4 Design and Manufacturing of Bio-Based Sandwich Structures

4.1 Introduction

4.2 Bio-Based Core Materials

4.2.1 Plant-Based Cores

4.2.2 Biopolymer-Based Foam Cores

4.2.3 Biopolymer-Based Cores

4.3 Manufacture of Sandwich Panels

4.4 Recent Studies on Bio-Based Sandwich Panels

4.5 Applications of Bio-Based Sandwich Panels

4.6 Conclusions

5 Design and Manufacture of Biodegradable Products from Renewable Resources

5.1 Introduction

5.2 Materials and Processes for Biodegradable Composites

5.2.1 Nature of Biodegradable Polymers

5.2.2 Processing of Thermoplastic Starch Bulk Material

5.2.3 Processing of Thermoplastic Starch Films

5.2.4 Biodegradable Reinforcement

5.2.5 Biodegradable Bulk Composites

5.2.6 Biodegradable Film Composites

5.3 Performance of Biodegradable Composites Under Service Conditions

5.3.1 Thermal Stability

5.3.2 Water Uptake

5.3.3 Biodegradation

5.4 Case Studies

5.4.1 Use of Biodegradable Composites in the Transport Industry, with Special Reference to Motorcar Panels

5.4.1.1 Introduction

5.4.1.2 Materials and Manufacturing Processes for Interior Panels

5.4.1.3 Performance Indices of Interior Panels.

5.4.2 Use of Biodegradable Composites in the Packaging Industry, with Special Reference to Disposable Flexible Food Packaging

5.4.2.1 Introduction

5.4.2.2 Flexible Packaging Materials

5.4.3 Use of Biodegradable Composites in Biomedical Applications, with Special Reference to Dissolvable Bone Plates

5.4.3.1 Introduction

5.4.3.2 Comparison of Candidate Bone Fixation Materials

6 Manufacturing and Characterization of Quicklime (CaO) Filled ZA-27 Metal Alloy Composites for Single-Row Deep Groove Ball Bearing

6.1 Introduction

6.2 Experimental Details

6.2.1 Raw Materials

6.2.2 Fabrication of Composites

6.2.3 Physical and Mechanical Characterization

6.2.3.1 Density and Void Contents

6.2.3.2 Hardness

6.2.3.3 Compressive Strength

6.2.3.4 Impact Strength

6.2.3.5 Bending Strength

6.2.4 Fracture Toughness Analysis

6.2.5 Contact Stress Analysis of the CaO Particulates Filled ZA-27 Alloy Composites Using FEM Element Type and Meshing Procedure

6.2.5.1 Contact Model

6.2.5.2 Boundary Condition and Application of Load

6.2.5.3 Structural Analysis

6.2.5.4 Numerical Modeling

6.2.5.5 Mathematical Modeling

6.2.6 Hardness Analysis of the CaO Particulates Filled ZA-27 Alloy Composites Using FEM

6.2.6.1 Finite Element Model

6.2.6.2 Element Type and Meshing

6.2.6.3 Material Properties and Boundary Condition

6.2.6.4 Mathematical Modeling

6.3 Result and Discussions

6.3.1 Effect of Void Content on CaO Particulates Filled ZA-27 Alloy Composites

6.3.2 Effect of Hardness on CaO Particulates Filled ZA-27 Alloy Composites

6.3.3 Effect of Compressive Strength on CaO Particulates Filled ZA-27 Alloy Composites

6.3.4 Effect of Flexural Strength on CaO Particulates Filled ZA-27 Alloy Composites

6.3.5 Effect of Impact Strength on CaO Particulates Filled ZA-27 Aalloy Composites.

6.3.6 Effect of Fracture Toughness on CaO Filled ZA-27 Alloy Composites

6.3.7 Fractography of CaO Particulates Filled ZA-27 Alloy Composites After Fracture Test

6.3.8 Effect of Hardness and Contact Stress and Deformation of CaO Particulates Filled ZA-27 Alloy Composites

6.4 Conclusions

7 Manufacturing of Composites from Chicken Feathers and Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC)

7.1 Introduction

7.2 Experimental

7.3 Results and Discussion

7.3.1 Processability

7.3.2 Thermal Properties

7.3.3 Dynamic Mechanical Analysis (DMA)

7.3.4 Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM)

7.4 Conclusions

8 Production of Porous Carbons from Resorcinol-Formaldehyde Gels: Applications

8.1 Introduction

8.2 Synthesis of Aerogels

8.2.1 Synthesis of Resorcinol-Formaldehyde Gels

8.3 Polymeric Gels from Renewable Raw Materials

8.4 Carbonization of Polymeric Resins

8.5 Drying the Polymeric Gel

8.5.1 Supercritical and Cryogenic Drying

8.5.2 Structure and Properties of Xero-, Cryo- and Supercritical Gels

8.6 Gel Stabilization

8.6.1 The Use of Surfactants During the Synthesis of Resins

8.6.2 The Use of Polyelectrolytes as Pore Stabilizer During the Synthesis of Resins

8.7 Pyrolysis of R-F Resins

8.8 Applications of the Gels

8.8.1 Resorcinol-Formaldehyde-Based Porous Carbon as Heterogeneous Catalyst for Biodiesel Production and Fischer Reaction

8.8.2 Porous Carbon Obtained from R-F Resins as an Electrode Material for Supercapacitors

8.9 Conclusions

9 Composites Using Agricultural Wastes

9.1 Introduction

9.2 Natural Fibers Classification

9.3 Types of Plant Fibers

9.3.1 Natural Fiber Materials

9.3.1.1 Lignocelluloses Structure

9.3.1.2 Mechanical Properties of Natural Fibers

9.3.2 Straw as a Reinforcement Material.

9.3.2.1 The Fractions of Straw

9.3.2.2 The Morphology of Straw

9.3.2.3 Chemical Composition of the Straw

9.4 Composite Mechanical Properties

9.4.1 Theoretical Principles of Fiber Reinforcement

9.4.2 Concept of Critical Volume Fraction

9.4.3 Critical Fiber Aspect Ratio

9.5 Industry Process of Some Biocomposites Using Agricultural Wastes

9.5.1 Earth Bricks

9.5.1.1 Introduction

9.5.1.2 Materials

9.5.1.3 Bricks Preparation

9.5.1.4 Microstructure of Earth Bricks

9.5.1.5 Bricks Properties

9.5.2 Earth Plaster Composites for Straw Bale Buildings

9.5.2.1 Materials

9.5.2.2 Composite Properties

9.5.3 Embankments and Dams

10 Manufacturing of Rice Waste-Based Natural Fiber Polymer Composites from Thermosetting vs. Thermoplastic Matrices

10.1 General Introduction

10.2 Scope Survey of Agro-Based NFPC Composites

10.2.1 Factors Affecting the Properties of NFPC

10.2.1.1 Thermosetting Polymers

10.2.1.2 Thermoplastic Polymers

10.2.2 Improving the Compatibility Between Matrix and Fiber

10.2.2.1 Mechanical Pretreatment

10.2.2.2 Physical Pretreatment

10.2.2.3 Chemical Pretreatment

10.2.2.4 Biological Pretreatment

10.3 Optimizing the Conditions for Production of High Performance Natural Fiber Polymer Composites

10.3.1 Material and Methods

10.3.1.1 Natural Fibers Component

10.3.1.2 Matrices Polymers

10.3.1.3 NFPC Preparation and Tests

10.3.2 Results &amp

Discussion

10.3.2.1 Evaluating the Rice Waste-Polyester-Based NFPC

10.3.2.2 Comparisons Based on Evaluating Rice Wastes-Polypropylene-Based NFPC and Rice Wastes-PS -Based NFPC

10.3.3 Conclusions

Acknowledgment

11 Thermoplastic Polymeric Composites and Polymers: Their Potential in a Dialogue Between Art and Technology

11.1 Introduction

11.2 "Organic Beauty" in 1998.

11.3 "Organic Beauty" and Other Sculptures in 2014.

Notes:

Includes bibliographical references and index.

Description based on print version record.

ISBN:

9781119224297

1119224292

9781119224273

1119224276

9781119224280

1119224284

OCLC:

975223610