Organic waste recycling : technology, management and sustainability / Chongrak Polprasert, Thammarat Koottatep.

Format:

Book

Author/Creator:

Polprasert, Chongrak, author.

Koottatep, T., author.

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Organic wastes--Recycling.

Organic wastes.

Physical Description:

1 online resource (xxi, 576 pages) : illustrations

Edition:

Fourth edition.

Place of Publication:

London, [England] : IWA Publishing, 2017.

Summary:

This fourth edition of Organic Waste Recycling is fully updated with new material to create a comprehensive and accessible textbook:- New chapter on constructed wetlands for wastewater and faecal sludge stabilization.- New sections on: waste recycling vs. climate change and water; faecal sludge and its characteristics; hydrothermal carbonization technology; up-to-date environmental criteria and legislation and environmental risk assessment.- New case studies with emphasis on practices in both developed and developing countries have been included, along with more exercises at the end of chapters to help the readers understand the technical principles and their application.- Novel concepts and strategies of waste management are presented.- Up-to-date research findings and innovative technologies of waste recycling program are provided.This textbook is intended for undergraduate and graduate students majoring in environmental sciences and engineering as well as researchers, professionals and policy makers who conduct research and practices in the related fields. It is essential reading for experts in environmental science and engineering and sustainable waste reuse and recycling in both developed and developing countries.

Contents:

Cover

Copyright

Contents

About the authors

Preface

Abbreviations and symbols

Atomic weight and number of elements

Conversion factors for SI units

Chapter 1: Introduction

1.1 Problems and Need for Organic Waste Recycling

1.2 Objectives and Scope of Organic Waste Recycling

1.2.1 Agricultural reuses

1.2.2 Bioenergy production

1.2.3 Aquacultural reuses

1.2.4 Organic wastewater reuse

1.3 Integrated and Alternative Technologies

1.3.1 Kamol Kij Co. Rice Mill Complex and Kirikan Farm, Thailand (Ullah, 1979)

1.3.2 Maya farms, the Philippines

1.3.3 Werribee farm, Australia

1.3.4 Public toilet with biogas plant, Naivasha, Kenya

1.3.5 Cogeneration at Rayong municipality, Thailand (http://www.cogen3.net)

1.4 Feasibility and Social Acceptance of Waste Recycling

1.5 Waste, Water, Climate Change and Sustainability

1.6 References

1.7 Exercises

Chapter 2: Composition and characteristics of organic wastes

2.1 Introduction

2.2 Human Wastes

2.2.1 Wastewater

2.2.2 Faecal and wastewater sludge

2.3 Organic Solid Wastes

2.4 Agricultural Wastes

2.4.1 Agricultural wastes management systems - case study (Adapted from USDA-NRCS, 1996)

2.5 Agro - Industrial Wastes

2.5.1 Tapioca industry

2.5.2 Palm oil industry

2.5.3 Sugar industry

2.5.4 Brewing industry

2.5.5 Meat and poultry products industry

2.5.6 Fish and fisheries products industry

2.5.7 Fruit and vegetable industry

2.6 Pollution Associated with Organic Wastes

2.7 Health Impact of Organic Waste Management

2.7.1 Indicator organisms

2.8 Sustainability Strategies for Organic Waste Management

2.8.1 Life cycle assessment (LCA)

2.8.2 Pollution Prevention (P2)

2.8.3 Cleaner production (CP)

2.9 References

2.10 Exercises

Chapter 3: Composting

3.1 Uses and Application.

3.2 Physical and Biochemical Processes

3.3 Microbiology of Composting

3.4 Environmental Requirements

3.4.1 Nutrient balance

3.4.2 Particle size and structural support of compost pile

3.4.3 Moisture control

3.4.4 Aeration requirements

3.4.5 Temperature and pH

3.5 Composting Maturity

3.6 Composting Systems and Design Criteria

3.6.1 Composting toilets

3.6.2 Windrow composting

3.6.3 In-vessel systems

3.6.4 Horizontal In-vessel system

3.7 Public Health Aspects of Composting

3.7.1 Die-offs of primary pathogens

3.7.2 Health risks from secondary pathogens

3.8 Utilization of Composted Products

3.8.1 Utilization as fertilizer and soil conditioner

3.8.2 Utilization as feed for fish

3.9 References

3.10 Exercises

Chapter 4: Bioenergy production

4.1 Biofuels

4.2 Bioethanol

4.2.1 Bioethanol production

4.2.2 Bioethanol production process

4.2.3 Case studies of ethanol production

4.3 Biomethanol

4.4 Biodiesel

4.4.1 Process technologies for biodiesel production

4.4.2 Case studies of biodiesel production

4.5 Biogas Technology

4.5.1 Benefits and limitations of biogas technology

4.5.2 Anaerobic digestion (AD) process

4.5.3 Environmental requirements for anaerobic digestion

4.5.4 Operation and types of biogas digesters

4.5.5 Biogas production

4.5.6 End uses of biogas and digested slurry

4.5.7 Case studies of biogas production

4.6 Hydrothermal Carbonization Process

4.6.1 Hydrochar characteristics

4.6.2 Environmental and energy requirements

4.6.3 Mechanisms of hydrothermal carbonization

4.6.4 Hydrochar production and yields

4.6.5 A case study of industrial-scale HTC

4.6.6 Applications of hydrochar

4.7 References

4.8 Exercises

Chapter 5: Algal production

5.1 Algae Classification

5.2 Benefits, Objectives and Limitations.

5.2.1 Wastewater treatment and nutrient recycling

5.2.2 Bioconversion of solar energy

5.2.3 Pathogen destruction

5.3 Algal-Based Wastewater Treatment Systems

5.3.1 Open pond systems

5.3.2 Closed photobioreactors systems

5.3.3 Immobilized systems

5.4 Environmental Requirments

5.4.1 Carbon and nutrients

5.4.2 Dissolved oxygen (DO)

5.4.3 Light and temperature

5.4.4 pH

5.4.5 Inhibitory substances

5.4.6 Biotic factors

5.5 Process Design and Operations

5.5.1 Depth

5.5.2 Hydraulic retention time (HRT)

5.5.3 BOD loading

5.5.4 Mixing and recirculation

5.6 Algal Harvesting Technologies

5.6.1 Filtration and screening

5.6.2 Centrifugation

5.6.3 Coagulation/flocculation

5.6.4 Sedimentation

5.6.5 Flotation

5.6.6 Drying

5.7 Utilization of Wastewater-Grown Algae

5.7.1 Algae as food and feed

5.7.2 Algae for fertilizer

5.7.3 Algae for biofuel

5.7.4 Algae as source of chemicals/pharmaceuticals

5.7.5 Algae as a future life support technology

5.8 Public Health and Safety

5.8.1 Public health risks management

5.9 References

5.10 Exercises

Chapter 6: Fish, chitin, and chitosan production

6.1 Objectives, Benefits and Limitations

6.1.1 Waste stabilization, nutrient and resource recycling

6.1.2 Improved wastewater effluent quality

6.1.3 Better food conversion ratio

6.1.4 Operational skill and maintenance

6.2 Waste-Fed Aquaculture

6.2.1 Waste-fed aquaculture fish feeding habits

6.2.2 Biological food chains in waste-fed ponds

6.2.3 Biochemical reactions in waste-fed ponds

6.3 Classification of Waste-Fed Aquaculture

6.3.1 Integrated systems

6.3.2 Intensive systems

6.4 Environmental Requirements

6.4.1 Light

6.4.2 Temperature

6.4.3 Dissolved oxygen (DO)

6.4.4 Ammonia concentration

6.4.5 pH

6.4.6 Carbon dioxide.

6.4.7 Hydrogen sulfide (H2S)

6.4.8 Heavy metals and pesticides

6.4.9 Stocking density

6.5 Design Criteria

6.5.1 Organic loading, DO and fish yield models

6.5.2 Fish culture and stocking density

6.5.3 Water supply

6.5.4 Pond size

6.5.5 Pond arrangement

6.5.6 Case studies

6.6 Chitin and Chitosan

6.6.1 Chitin

6.6.2 Chitosan

6.6.3 Case study

6.7 Utilization of Fish, Chitin and Chitosan

6.7.1 Utilization of waste-fed aquaculture fish

6.7.2 Utilization of chitin and chitosan

6.8 Public Health and Safety

6.9 References

6.10 Exercises

Chapter 7: Aquatic weeds and their utilization

7.1 Objectives, Benefits, and Limitations

7.1.1 Objectives

7.1.2 Benefits

7.1.3 Limitations

7.2 Major Types and Functions

7.2.1 Submerged type

7.2.2 Floating type

7.2.3 Emergent type

7.3 Weed Composition

7.3.1 Water content

7.3.2 Protein content

7.3.3 Mineral content

7.3.4 Miscellaneous

7.4 Productivity and Problems Caused by Aquatic Weeds

7.5 Harvesting, Processing and Uses

7.5.1 Harvesting

7.5.2 Dewatering

7.5.3 Soil additives

7.5.4 Pulp, fiber, and paper

7.5.5 Biogas and power alcohol

7.6 Food Potentials

7.6.1 Food for herbivorous fish

7.6.2 Livestock fodder

7.6.3 Food for other aquatic and amphibious herbivores

7.7 Wastewater Treatment Using Aquatic Weeds

7.7.1 Wastewater contaminant removal mechanisms

7.7.2 Aquatic system design concepts

7.7.3 Process design parameters

7.7.4 Review of existing aquatic treatment systems

7.8 Public Health Aspects of Aquatic Weeds

7.9 Case Study

7.10 References

7.11 Exercises

Chapter 8: Constructed wetlands

8.1 Objectives, Benefits, and Limitations

8.1.1 Objectives

8.1.2 Benefits

8.1.3 Limitations

8.2 Major Types and Functions

8.2.1 Free water surface.

8.2.2 Subsurface flow

8.3 Wastewater Treatment and Reuse

8.3.1 Wastewater contaminant removal mechanisms

8.4 Design Criteria and Operation

8.4.1 FWS wetland

8.4.2 SF wetland

8.4.3 Other considerations

8.4.4 Operation and maintenance

8.5 Case Studies

8.5.1 Constructed wetland treatment of industrial wastewater

8.5.2 Constructed wetland treatment of municipal wastewater

8.5.3 Constructed wetland treatment of fecal sludge or septage

8.6 References

8.7 Exercises

Chapter 9: Land treatment of wastewater

9.1 Objectives, Benefits, and Limitations

9.2 Wastewater Renovation Processes

9.2.1 Slow rate process (SR)

9.2.2 Rapid infiltration process (RI)

9.2.3 Overland flow process (OF)

9.2.4 Combined processes

9.2.5 Groundwater recharge

9.3 Wastewater Renovation Mechanisms

9.3.1 Physical removal mechanisms

9.3.2 Chemical removal mechanisms

9.3.3 Biological removal mechanisms

9.4 System Design and Operation

9.4.1 Irrigation or SR system

9.4.2 Rapid infiltration or RI system

9.4.3 Overland flow or OF system

9.4.4 Other design considerations

9.5 Land Treatment-Design Equations

9.5.1 RI process

9.5.2 OF process

9.6 System Monitoring

9.7 Case Studies

9.7.1 Slow rate process

9.7.2 Rapid infiltration process

9.7.3 Overland flow process

9.8 Public Health Aspects and Public Acceptance

9.8.1 Nitrogen

9.8.2 Heavy metals and other toxic organic compounds

9.8.3 Pathogens

9.9 References

9.10 Exercises

Chapter 10: Land treatment of sludge

10.1 Objectives, Benefits and Limitations

10.1.1 Agricultural utilization

10.1.2 Forest utilization

10.1.3 Land reclamation

10.1.4 Land application at public contact site, lawn, and home garden

10.2 Sludge Transport and Application Procedures

10.2.1 Mode of sludge transport.

10.2.2 Sludge application procedures.

Notes:

Includes bibliographical references and index.

Description based on online resource; title from PDF title page (ebrary, viewed August 28, 2017).

ISBN:

1-78040-821-8

OCLC:

1000132165